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41.
Diogo F. N. Cardoso Ana Catarina Bastos Amadeu M. V. M. Soares Susana Loureiro 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2014,14(9):1559-1567
Purpose
Ecotoxicological risk assessment of chemical compounds is considered more accurate when mixtures of chemicals and/or interactions between chemicals and natural stressors are considered. To further simulate natural conditions, under which organisms are often exposed to combinations of natural and anthropogenic stressors, the combined exposure of a widely used insecticide, carbaryl, under UV radiation was evaluated. It is more than likely that soil organisms are confronted with a combination of chemical exposure and increasing UV irradiance on the terrestrial habitat. Considering the heterogeneity of contamination in field soils and the probability of collembolan to avoid contaminated soil (less time under exposure), combined effects of carbaryl and ultraviolet radiation were evaluated, by using a short exposure to Folsomia candida.Materials and methods
Single exposures to carbaryl and UV radiation were performed, and adult mortality and number of laid and hatched eggs were reported. Following the results, a combined exposure was carried out, using the same conditions performed previously in the single tests. Organisms were exposed simultaneously to carbaryl (from 1 to 7 mg kg?1) and UV doses (from 1,121.29 to 3,795.26 J m?2), the last corresponds to 1 to 4 h of exposure. Mortality was reported, and organisms were left to lay eggs in culture boxes.Results and discussion
Both ultraviolet radiation and high concentrations of carbaryl as single stressors increased the number of produced eggs of F. candida, with significant differences at higher concentrations (4, 5.5, and 7 mg kg?1) of carbaryl and an EC50 of 5.93 mg kg?1. In the case of UV radiation, statistical differences were found at all concentrations compared with control, with an EC50 of 1,248.24 J m?2. In both cases, no significant mortality was observed. When combined, both stressors acted independently on egg production, showing additivity of effects (independent action (IA) model to data on laid eggs; SS?=?0.00056; r2?=?0.75; p?0.05).Conclusions
This study highlights the importance of taking UV exposure conditions into account when assessing the impact of pesticides to soil biota and looking for more realistic scenarios while showing that soil sheltering occurs only up to a certain extent and that indirect effects can be observed. The opposite trends on responses obtained under standardized tests and short exposures to carbaryl provided some insight on the possible effects of carbaryl during collembolan life cycle. 相似文献42.
Urinary PCR as an increasingly useful tool for an accurate diagnosis of leptospirosis in livestock 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
C. Hamond G. Martins A. P. Loureiro C. Pestana R. Lawson-Ferreira M. A. Medeiros W. Lilenbaum 《Veterinary research communications》2014,38(1):81-85
The aim of the present study was to consider the wide usage of urinary PCR as an increasingly useful tool for an accurate diagnosis of leptospirosis in livestock. A total of 512 adult animals (300 cattle, 138 horses, 59 goats and 15 pigs), from herds/flocks with reproductive problems in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil was studied by serology and urinary PCR. From the 512 serum samples tested, 223 (43.5 %) were seroreactive (cattle: 45.6 %, horses: 41.3 %, goats: 34%and pigs: 60 %). PCR detected leptospiral DNA in 32.4 % (cattle: 21.6 %, horses: 36.2 %, goats: 77.4 % and pigs: 33.3 %. To our knowledge there is no another study including such a large number of samples (512) from different species, providing a comprehensive analysis of the usage of PCR for detecting leptospiral carriers in livestock. Serological and molecular results were discrepant, regardless the titre, what was an expected outcome. Nevertheless, it is impossible to establish agreement between these tests, since the two methodologies are conducted on different samples (MAT - serum; PCR - urine). Additionally, the MAT is an indirect method and PCR is a direct one. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that urinary PCR should be considered and encouraged as an increasingly useful tool for an accurate diagnosis of leptospirosis in livestock. 相似文献
43.
Miguel João G. Santos Nuno G. C. Ferreira Amadeu M. V. M. Soares Susana Loureiro 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2010,10(7):1335-1343
Purpose
Methiocarb and metaldehyde are the most common molluscicides applied in agricultural and horticultural fields in Portugal and elsewhere in Europe. The application of molluscicidal baits to control slug and snail populations can pose a threat to non-target organisms like terrestrial isopods, because they are detritivorous and may feed on the toxic baits applied to the soil surface. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects and understand the modes of action of these molluscicides to terrestrial isopods. 相似文献44.
Nuno G.C. Ferreira Miguel J.G. Santos Inês Domingues Carla F. Calhôa Marta Monteiro Mónica J.B. Amorim Amadeu M.V.M. Soares Susana Loureiro 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2010,42(12):2128-2136
In the last decades biomarkers have been widely used for the assessment of effects and/or exposure to environmental contaminants, but to our knowledge few data has been published for isopod species. Along with biomarkers the quantification of energy reserves has also been used to evaluate organisms’ energetic budget. Enzymatic biomarkers can also be useful to understand chemicals/stress modes of action. The aim of this study was to obtain information on biomarker basal level activities and energy contents of the isopod Porcellionides pruinosus as little information is available. Results can then be used as foundations for other ecotoxicological or biomonitorization studies and also as control values for evaluating isopod status in laboratory cultures.The cholinesterase (ChE) type of the isopod P. pruinosus was characterized using three substrates (acetylthiocholine iodide, propionylthiocholine iodide, and S-butyrylthiocholine iodide) and three ChE inhibitors (eserine hemisulfate, tetraisopropyl pyrophosphoramide (iso-OMPA) and 1,5-bis(4-allyldimethyl-ammonimphenyl) pentan-3-one dibromide (BW284C51)]. The results showed that this organism has only one cholinesterase form, the acetylcholinesterase with a mean basal level of 113.6 ± 4.7 U/mg protein.Other biomarkers related to oxidative stress or metabolism were assessed, showing activity ranges of 3.0 ± 1.1 U/mg protein for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), 6.1 ± 1.1 U/mg protein for catalase (CAT), 2.7 ± 1.1 U/mg protein for glutathione peroxidase (GPx), 34.6 ± 4.7 nmol/mg ww for lipid peroxidation (LPO) and 137.8 ± 7.1 U/mg protein for glutathione S-transferases (GST) (mean ± st. error). The carbohydrates and protein contents were 12290.8 ± 56.4 J/mg organism (org) and 22905 ± 57.5 J/mg org, respectively (mean ± st. error). The mean lipid content was 503.1 ± 12.7 J/mg org.Our results were compared to other previous works with isopod species but also with other species, showing high levels of inter and intraspecific variability. Even tough this study can contribute as foundations for other studies as ChE characterization, optimization of homogenization procedures and basal levels for biomarker activity and energy reserves were described. 相似文献
45.
Intrapericardial cysts are non-neoplastic structures that can become clinically significant by compressing cardiac chambers. Surgical excision is recommended to resolve clinical signs and this has been reported to be easily achieved by blunt manipulation. The present report describes a case of an intrapericardial cyst in a dog. The singularity of this case lays on the fact that the patient was presented unusually late, at the age of four years, and most importantly that its surgical correction was significantly complicated by the strong adherence of the cyst to both the pericardium and epicardium. This was possibly the result of chronic trauma and continued haemorrhage with subsequent healing and fibrosis. It is therefore important to consider intrapericardial cysts as a possible differential diagnosis in young to middle age patients presented with signs of right-sided heart failure. Surgical excision must be planned carefully as this may not be as straightforward as previously suggested. 相似文献
46.
Paschoalini Alessandro Loureiro Savassi Lourenço Almeida Weber André Alberto Moreira Davidson Peruci Ribeiro Yves Moreira Rizzo Elizete Bazzoli Nilo 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2021,47(4):797-810
Fish Physiology and Biochemistry - In the last decades, oestrogenic compounds have often been reported in environmentally relevant concentrations in aquatic environments around the world. Most... 相似文献
47.
Celina Emiko OKAMOTO-OKUBO Renata Navarro CASSU Jean Guilherme Fernandes JOAQUIM Luciane dos REIS MESQUITA Sheila Canevese RAHAL Hugo S Salvador OLIVEIRA Regina TAKAHIRA Isadora ARRUDA Leandro MAIA Fernanda da CRUZ LANDIM Stelio Pacca Loureiro LUNA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(5):881
48.
49.
Isernhagen AJ Cosenza M da Costa MC Médici KC Balarin MR Bracarense AP Alfieri AA Lisbôa JA 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2011,52(12):1312-1318
This study demonstrated that bovine herpesvirus 5 (BoHV)-5 infected calves can develop encephalitis and remain asymptomatic. Seven calves were infected intranasally and monitored for 30 days. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis was performed from the onset of neurological signs. Multiple sections of brain and the trigeminal ganglion were submitted to histopathology. Virus detection (PCR and isolation) was performed on CSF and tissues. Four calves developed signs of neurologic disease and died. Three calves remained asymptomatic and were euthanized 30 days post-infection. Cerebrospinal fluid mononuclear pleocytosis occurred in symptomatic and asymptomatic calves. BoHV-5 was isolated and viral DNA was detected in multiple areas of the encephalon of all calves. The viral DNA was detected in the CSF of 2 calves showing neurological signs. Histologically, inflammation was noted in the brain of all calves and confirmed that the encephalitis caused by BoHV-5 may be mild and asymptomatic. 相似文献
50.
Miguel João G. Santos Amadeu M. V. M. Soares Susana Loureiro 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2011,11(6):990-999