猪lncRNA TCONS_00791383对骨骼肌卫星细胞增殖分化的影响

为了探究lncRNA TCONS_00791383对猪骨骼肌卫星细胞增殖和分化的影响。本研究利用qRT-PCR技术检测出生7 d内大白仔猪6种组织（心、脾、肺、肾、背肌和腿肌）以及猪骨骼肌卫星细胞增殖分化前后TCONS_00791383的表达水平;通过设计反义核苷酸（antisense oligonucleotides,ASO）片段在猪骨骼肌卫星细胞中对TCONS_00791383进行敲低,检测敲低TCONS_00791383之后增殖分化标志基因的表达量变化;通过trans （co-expression）对TCONS_00791383进行靶基因预测,使用DAVID对其进行GO富集和KEGG通路分析。结果显示,TCONS_00791383在猪心脏中表达量最高,在脾和肾组织中不表达。在骨骼肌卫星细胞从增殖到分化的过程中,TCONS_00791383的表达量逐渐上升,且在分化后30 h表达量达到最高。在使用ASO片段敲低TCONS_00791383之后,与对照组相比,在分化24 h,增殖标志基因Pax3、Pax7表达量显著或极显著降低（P<0.05,P<0.01）,分化标志基因MyoG表达量极显著降低（P<0.01）,在分化48 h,增殖标志基因Pax3表达量极显著降低（P<0.01）,Pax7表达量显著降低（P<0.05）,分化标志基因MyHC表达量显著降低（P<0.05）。预测得到的相关靶基因富集到AMPK、ATP等多个与骨骼肌卫星细胞增殖和分化过程相关的重要信号通路。本研究表明,lncRNA TCONS_00791383可能促进猪骨骼肌卫星细胞的增殖和分化。     

Toxicosis in newborn pigs associated with cutaneous application of an aerosol spray containing chlorpyrifos

Weakness, lethargy, ataxia, lateral recumbency, limb paddling, tremors, salivation, and diarrhea were observed in newborn pigs on a commercial swine farm. Many pigs became moribund and died. All had been treated with an aerosol wound spray containing 2.5% chlorpyrifos. A controlled study was undertaken to determine whether the aerosol spray was the cause of these clinical signs. Pigs exposed to aerosol spray containing 2.5% chlorpyrifos at 3 hours (n = 4) and 6 hours (n = 3) after birth developed clinical signs similar to those on the farm; none survived. Pigs exposed at 24 hours (n = 5) after birth developed clinical signs consistent with those that had developed in pigs on the farm; 3 died and 2 survived. Of 3 pigs exposed to the same spray at 36 hours after birth, 1 developed tremors 7.5 hours later and diarrhea 9 hours later, then returned to normal.     

云南牧草种质资源研究现状及前景

云南省复杂的自然地理和气候条件决定了云南省牧草种质资源的丰富性。为此,介绍了云南省自然条件概况并对云南省牧草种质资源种类的丰富度、分布及研究现状进行了总结,列出了云南草地主要牧草资源植物以及11类草地的草群组成。针对云南省种质资源存在的问题,从保护和利用的目标出发,提出了广泛收集牧草种质资源,对收集到的牧草种质资源进行有效保护和深入研究,积极创新和永续利用的建议和对策,并对牧草种质资源研究的预期目标和前景进行了展望。     

饲粮氮水平对牦牛瘤胃发酵及营养物质消化代谢特征的影响

本试验旨在探讨饲粮不同氮水平对牦牛瘤胃发酵及营养物质消化代谢特征的影响.试验选择4头体重相近[(148.5±9.2)kg]的3岁去势天祝白牦牛,采用4×4拉丁方设计,试验共分4期,每期21 d,4个饲粮氮水平[干物质(DM)基础]分别为低氮[粗蛋白质(CP)8.98%]、中低氮(CP 12.36%)、中高氮(CP 15...     

Introduction and elimination of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus in a commercial beef herd: a case study

Routine Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus (BVDV) monitoring of a commercial beef herd in southern New South Wales over a 10-year period provided an opportunity to assess the impact of the introduction of BVDV on that herd. BVDV antibody testing provided strong evidence that the herd was initially free of BVDV (2009–2011). Testing from 2012 suggested BVDV had been introduced into the herd and this was confirmed in 2015 with the identification of persistently infected (PI) animals. Having become established in the herd, the owners then set out to eliminate BVDV from the herd. Antigen testing aimed at identifying PI animals revealed BVDV was already absent from the herd. Subsequent antibody testing confirmed that the herd was now free from BVDV. Despite the incursion of BVDV in this herd, there was little measurable impact on reproductive performance (pregnancy rates), although suspected increased calf losses from birth to calf marking were reported. This is the first time such self-clearance has been documented as part of a longitudinal study under Australian conditions.     

引进动物检疫备案管理的实践与思考

输入性动物疫情已成为当前甚至今后一段时期困绕国内动物疫病防控的一大难点热点问题,为应对输入性动物疫情的发生,重庆市武隆县实施了引进畜禽审批这一检疫管理措施,并在全市推广应用,取得了良好效果,。     

The effects of late gestation nutrient restriction of dams on beef heifer intake,metabolites and hormones during an ad libitum feeding trial

This study's objective was to determine if nutrient restriction during late gestation affected beef heifer feed intake, body weight (BW) gain and endocrine regulation during a 10‐week feeding trial. During the last 100 days of gestation, control (CON) dams were fed to increase body condition score (BCS). Whereas, nutrient‐restricted dams (NR) and NR dams protein supplemented 3 days/week (NRS) were fed to decrease BCS by 1.2. After parturition, all cow‐calf pairs were moved to a common pasture and fed in excess of requirements until weaning. At 15 months of age, heifers were randomly sorted into two pens and adjusted to a commercial total mixed ration over a 2‐week period. Blood samples and BW were taken at the initiation of feeding and on a biweekly basis for the duration of the feeding trial. Feed intake was monitored for 10 weeks using a GrowSafe System. After 10 weeks, an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) was performed on 21 randomly subsampled heifers. During the feeding trial, NR heifers consumed more feed than CON and NRS heifers. Heifers from NR dams tended to increase BW compared to NRS and CON heifers when adjusted for initial BW. Heifers from NR and NRS dams had a greater increase in BCS compared to heifers from CON dams. Plasma glucose and insulin concentrations during the feeding trial increased in NR heifers compared to the other groups beginning at 2 and 4 weeks respectively. Plasma leptin concentrations were increased in the NR and NRS heifers compared to the CON heifers beginning at week 4 of feeding. During the IVGTT at the conclusion of the feeding challenge, plasma glucose and insulin were increased in NR heifers compared to other treatment groups. These results show that nutrient restriction during late gestation alters appetite and endocrine regulation in heifer offspring.     

稻/草-鹅农牧结合模式的综合效益及种养技术初探

1997－1999年在江苏省常熟市构建稻／牧草－鹅复合系统，并进行田间试验，结果表明，稻／草－鹅农牧结合模式与传统的稻／麦生产模式相比，不但具有明显的社会效益，经济效益，而且能显著提高土壤肥力，有效控制冬季田间杂草，进而大幅度降低田间除草剂，杀虫剂施用量，保护农田生态环境，总结了该模式的种养式技术，并提出了该模式的发展策略。     

添加阿拉伯半乳聚糖或聚蔗糖对牛取样胚胎冷冻效果的影响

胚胎取样后由于透明带受损、细胞数减少使得冷冻存活率低于常规胚胎,本试验通过在冷冻液中添加聚蔗糖和阿拉伯半乳聚糖分析其对取样胚胎冷冻效果的影响。通过将各种冷冻液的胚胎回收率、培养24和48 h发育率同对照组进行比较,结果发现,在阿拉伯半乳聚糖系列冷冻液中,0.03 EAS₁冷冻效果最好;在聚蔗糖系列冷冻液中,0.6 EFS₁冷冻效果最好,且移植妊娠结果同培养结果一致。     

生长猪棉籽粕消化能的评定及估测模型研究

本试验通过采集我国棉花主产区棉籽粕样品,分析棉籽粕常规成分,测定其生长猪消化能(DE),建立棉籽粕常规成分与生长猪DE之间的关系。采用15%和20%替代比例的套算法,分别测定生长猪棉籽粕DE,探讨套算法中不同替代比例对DE的影响。试验选用体重[(37.2±1.8)kg]相近的杜×长×大三元杂交健康阉公猪18头,采用3个6×6拉丁方试验设计,全收粪法分别测定9个棉籽粕样品DE,并将棉籽粕常规成分与DE进行相关分析,建立回归方程,比较2个不同替代比例的套算法测定的DE。结果表明:本次试验所测定棉籽粕DE的加权平均值(风干基础,干物质90.41%)为9.94 MJ/kg;长江流域棉区平均值(风干基础,干物质89.72%)为9.96 MJ/kg;黄河流域棉区平均值(风干基础,干物质89.86%)为9.23 MJ/kg;西北内陆棉区平均值(风干基础,干物质91.30%)为10.61 MJ/kg。推荐DE预测模型(干物质基础):DE(MJ/kg)=-14.38+0.557×总能+0.320 95×粗蛋白质-0.012 68×中性洗涤纤维(R2=0.72)。套算法中的2个不同替代比例(15%和20%)对DE影响较小。