基于随机森林算法和气象因子的砀山酥梨始花期预报

准确预报始花期是制定砀山酥梨花期管理措施和赏花活动方案的重要基础。该研究利用1983—2018年砀山酥梨始花期的定位观测物候数据和平行观测的气象资料,采用线性趋势法,揭示始花期演变趋势;采用相关分析,筛选影响始花期的关键气象因子,依据不同预报日期构成特征变量集;采用随机森林算法（Random Forest, RF）,自3月11日开始预报到3月25日终止预报,每日训练1个预报模型。结果表明,1）1983－2018年始花期呈极显著提早发生趋势,每10 a约提前2.750 d（P＜0.001）。2）16个逐日气象预报模型中,共计有200个气象因子与始花期早迟密切相关,相关系数在0.469～0.789之间;各气象预报模型的训练集与测试集的平均正确率（Nd）分别为92.9%和75.5%、平均均方根误差（RMSE）分别为1.693～2.870和2.240～7.237、平均决定系数（R2）分别为0.891和0.701。3）2019年试验预报中,提前15 d准确预报出当年始花期。该文研究表明RF在梨树始花期逐日气象预报中有一定业务应用潜力,预报准确率基本满足气象服务需求。     

猪脐静脉血管内皮细胞的分离及体外培养研究

为建立一种操作简单并且能获得大量猪血管内皮细胞的分离培养方法,本研究采集新生健康长白猪脐带,取其脐静脉血管,灌注0.1%的Ⅰ型胶原酶,于37℃水浴消化10 min后收集内皮细胞,培养于含20%胎牛血清的M199培养基中,长满单层后用胰酶消化传代培养。并对培养的细胞形态学、相关抗原和其他特征以及对病毒的易感性进行鉴定。结果表明,Ⅰ型胶原酶消化后可获得大量内皮细胞,细胞培养后的形态学观察显示细胞贴壁生长良好,呈典型的铺路石状排列;第Ⅷ因子相关抗原和细胞摄取乙酰化低密度脂蛋白均呈阳性,内皮细胞比率可高达100%。传3代后的生长曲线显示细胞传代后延迟期小于1 d,对数生长期约3 d,第5 d进入平台期,第7 d开始脱落死亡。病毒感染试验表明所获得的内皮细胞对猪瘟病毒高度易感,病毒生长与常用的PK-15没有区别。上述研究结果表明本研究建立的血管内皮细胞分离培养方法简便有效,为大量制备原代血管内皮细胞提供了可靠的方法。     

淫羊藿对肾阳虚雄性大鼠肾脏BMP-7表达的影响

目的 观察淫羊藿对肾阳虚雄性SD大鼠肾脏骨形态发生蛋白-7(BMP-7)表达的影响.方法 3月龄雄性SD大鼠24只,随机分为正常组、肾阳虚模型组、淫羊藿组,灌胃给药90d后,RT-PCR检测肾脏BMP-7 mRNA表达,免疫组化检测肾脏BMP-7的表达.结果 正常组和淫羊藿组BMP-7mRNA和蛋白显著高于肾阳虚模型组(灰度比值:0.990±0.103和1.054:t:0.097vs0.619±0.106,P＜0.01;免疫组化:0、1、0、4和0、0、0、4vs1、2、2、0,P＜0.01).结论 淫羊藿可提高肾脏中BMP-7的表达而保护肾脏.     

超临界CO_2萃取大蒜素的研究

以大蒜汁为原料,研究影响超临界CO_2萃取技术提取大蒜素的因素,包括萃取压力、萃取温度、CO_2流量等。通过正交试验,确定超临界CO_2萃取大蒜素的工艺参数:萃取压力为15 MPa,萃取温度为30℃,CO_2流量为30 m~3/h,大蒜素萃取率达0.35%,其中大蒜素含量为46%。     

应用灰色系统分析巴西蘑菇子实体中氨基酸与汞含量的关系

应用灰色系统理论分析硒镧添加栽培的巴西蘑菇子实体中17种氨基酸含量与重金属汞含量的关系,为今后低汞巴西蘑菇的栽培提供科学依据.结果表明:在硒镧复合作用下巴西蘑菇子实体17种氨基酸中,缬草氨酸含量与重金属汞含量关联度最大,为0.778 5,关联度越大,相似程度就越高,说明硒镧复合作用下巴西蘑菇子实体中17种氨基酸中缬草氨酸含量与重金属汞含量的关系最为密切.各处理的关联度及排序由大到小依次为:B3,B0,B4,B1.,B2..其中B3处理关联度最大,为0.864 4;B2处理关联度最小,为0.507 7,说明硒镧浓度对巴西蘑菇子实体汞含量与各氨基酸含量有一定的影响.     

Ovariectomy as treatment for ovarian bacterial granulomas in a Duvaucel's gecko (Hoplodactylus duvaucelii)

CASE HISTORY: An adult female Duvaucel's gecko (Hoplodactylus duvaucelii) from a threatened species breeding programme presented due to a prolonged gestation period and distended abdomen.

CLINICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS: The gecko was in lean body condition with an irregularly shaped, firm mass in the coelomic cavity. Radiographically there was a diffuse radio-opacity within the coelomic cavity with cranial displacement of the right lung field. Ultrasonography revealed a round homogenous abdominal mass of medium echogenicity with an echogenic capsule. Haematology showed a leucocytosis with a moderate left shift in heterophils and toxic changes. Bilateral ovariectomy was performed to remove two ovarian granulomas and Salmonella enterica subspecies houtenae (IV) was cultured from the ovarian tissue. The gecko recovered well from the surgery, regained weight and remained in good health 3 years following the surgery.

DIAGNOSIS: Pre-ovulatory stasis and ovarian granulomas associated with infection with Salmonella enterica subsp. houtenae.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The surgery described in this case resulted in recovery of the gecko, which despite its loss of reproductive capability is of value as an education animal. This is the first report of pre-ovulatory stasis and ovarian granulomas associated with infection with Salmonella enterica in a Duvaucel's gecko and is also the first reported case of pre-ovulatory stasis in a viviparous lizard species. The case adds to knowledge regarding potential reproductive pathology in lizards, which is particularly important information for managers of captive lizard breeding programmes.     

水轮机组振动故障诊断和试验研究

振动故障严重影响水轮机组的正常运行和发电效益,要清除振动故障,必须认清振动的原因,找准振源。从机械、水力、电气等三个方面分析了引起水轮机组振动的主要原因及特征。介绍了转速、励磁和负荷试验在水轮机振动故障诊断中的应用,通过分析某电站现场振动试验中各部位振动及水压脉动的幅值随机组运行工况变化的规律,找出了引起该机组振动的原因和处理方法,具体说明了试验法在水轮机组振动故障诊断和处理中的应用。     

河南省秸秆露天焚烧大气污染物排放量的估算与分析

为了解河南省秸秆露天焚烧大气污染物排放情况,根据2014年河南省的主要农作物产量、草谷比、焚烧比例和排放因子,采用排放因子法估算河南省秸秆焚烧大气污染物的排放量,建立河南省秸秆露天焚烧的污染物排放清单,并分析了大气污染物排放量的时空分布。结果表明:2014年河南省秸秆露天焚烧共排放:CO_21 210.45万t、CO 51.74万t、CH_43.27万t、NMVOCs 7.19万t、NH_30.59万t、BC 0.42万t、OC 2.47万t、SO_20.55万t、NO_X3.13万t、PM_(2.5)7.48万t。小麦和玉米是河南省露天焚烧排放大气污染物主要贡献源,其贡献率分别为38%~67%和17%~36%。大气污染物排放的高值区主要集中在驻马店、周口、南阳和商丘四个地市。大气污染物排放的高峰期集中在6月和10月,这两个月的各类污染物排放量对全年总排放量的分担率分别为37.1%~65.7%和11.3%~37%。     

水稻细胞质雄性不育恢复系ZSP-1恢复基因的初步定位

调查了用细胞质雄性不育新恢复系ZSP－1配制的杂交组合珍汕97A／ZSP－1和星A－ZSP－1的F1的结实率及F2个体花粉育性，发现恢复系ZSP－1的恢复性是由2对独立遗传基因控制。在此基础上，选用了与野败型雄性不育恢复基因Rf-3和Rf-4紧密连锁的RFLP标记对2个F2群体进行连锁分析，发现ZSP－1具有的2个恢复基因与这些标记紧密连锁，初步把ZSP－1的恢复基因定位于Rf-3和Rf-4区域。     

Pseudaboydins A and B: Novel Isobenzofuranone Derivatives from Marine Fungus Pseudallescheria boydii Associated with Starfish Acanthaster planci

Two novel isobenzofuranone derivatives, pseudaboydins A (1) and B (2), along with five known compounds, including (R)-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxybenzofuran (3), (R)-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-5-methoxybenzofuran (4), 3,3′-dihydroxy-5,5′-dimethyldiphenyl ether (5), 3-(3-methoxy-5-methylphenoxy)-5-methylphenol (6) and (−)-regiolone (7), were isolated from the culture broth of the marine fungus, Pseudallescheria boydii, associated with the starfish, Acanthaster planci. Their structures were elucidated primarily based on NMR and MS data. The absolute configurations of 1–4 were determined by CD spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The cytotoxic and antibacterial activities of 1–4 were evaluated. Pseudaboydin A (1) showed moderate cytotoxic activity against human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line HONE1, human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line SUNE1 and human glandular lung cancer cell line GLC82 with IC₅₀ values of 37.1, 46.5 and 87.2 μM, respectively.