河南省动物检疫全链条信息化监管模式

为提高畜牧兽医行政监管效能和信息化监管水平,河南省建立了智慧兽医云平台,实现了动物检疫全链条信息化闭环管理和畜产品质量安全全程可追溯。该平台首先将动物检疫电子出证监管向养殖场纵向延伸,强化产地管理,实行养殖档案电子化,通过编制不同颜色的二维码,实现养殖场的动态分类监管;然后实行畜禽屠宰从养殖场到屠宰场的"点对点"调运闭环管理,实现了对运输畜禽去向的跟踪监控;最后整合养殖场管理、动物检疫电子出证、运输车辆备案、畜禽屠宰管理、疫苗管理、耳标管理和动物疫病监测等系统,实现底层数据共享共用,从而实现了动物和动物产品的全链条追溯监管。河南省通过建立动物检疫全链条信息化监管模式,强化了动物卫生监督管理,提高了监管效率和公共卫生安全保障水平,规范了动物检疫行为,为畜牧业发展提供了有力保障。     

南荻MlNAC2基因差异表达与耐盐生理响应的相关性分析

为探究南荻（Miscanthus lutarioriparius）耐盐生理及其与基因表达的相关性,采用0%,0.2%,0.5%,0.8%浓度的NaCl处理奇岗和不同基因型南荻,测量NaCl溶液胁迫下的MlNAC2基因相对表达量和6个耐盐指标,并对二者之间的相关性进行分析。结果显示,南荻MlNAC2基因的表达量变化在不同材料之间差异较大,L2,L6,L9,P1出现10倍以上增加,而L1,L5,L8,L10变化量都在3倍以内。生理指标中叶绿素含量、净光合速率、气孔导度、脯氨酸与无胁迫对照相比均差异显著;丙二醛、超氧化物歧化酶在部分材料中与对照相比无显著差异。相关性分析表明,与MlNAC2基因的表达量变化最相关的生理指标是一系列光合作用相关因子：叶绿素含量、净光合速率、气孔导度。本研究结果可为探究南荻耐盐生理响应与分子机理层面的相互关系提供借鉴。     

两种无抗制剂对育肥猪生长性能及肠道健康的影响

本试验通过在生长育肥猪饲粮中添加两种不同的无抗制剂,探究其对育肥猪生长及肠道健康的影响。选取体重为（85.95±3.48） kg的LDY三元杂交猪60头,分为对照组、试验1、2组,每组5个重复,每个重复4头猪（阉公猪和母猪各半）。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验1组在基础饲粮中添加0.5%的红曲合生元酵母硒锗复合制剂,试验2组在基础饲粮中添加0.5%的复方中药提取物。结果表明：①3组间生长性能各项指标均差异不显著（P>0.05）。②与对照组相比,试验1组空肠的绒毛高度（VH）、绒毛高度/隐窝深度（V/C）以及回肠的绒毛高度均显著增加（P<0.05）,试验2组空肠和回肠的绒毛高度均显著增加（P<0.05）;试验1组空肠和回肠的绒毛高度显著高于试验2组（P<0.05）。③与对照组相比,试验1和2组盲肠菌群香浓指数均显著升高（P<0.05）、辛普森指数均显著降低（P<0.05）;试验1组的香浓指数显著高于试验2组（P<0.05）。④在门水平上,与对照组相比,试验1组盲肠菌群变形菌门和放线菌门丰度均显著升高（P<0.05）,厚壁菌门丰度显著降低（P<0.05）;试验2组厚壁菌门和变形菌门丰度显著升高（P<0.05）,拟杆菌门丰度显著降低（P<0.05）;试验1组放线菌门丰度显著高于试验2组（P<0.05）,厚壁菌门丰度显著低于试验2组（P<0.05）。在属水平上,与对照组相比,试验1组链球菌属丰度显著升高（P<0.05）,苏黎世杆菌属、uncultured_bacterium_f_Muribaculaceae和乳杆菌属丰度显著降低（P<0.05）;试验2组瘤胃菌属和链球菌属丰度显著升高（P<0.05）,苏黎世杆菌属、梭菌属_13、乳杆菌属丰度显著降低（P<0.05）;试验1组梭菌属_13和链球菌属丰度显著高于试验2组（P<0.05）,试验1组uncultured_bacterium_f_Muribaculaceae、瘤胃菌属显著低于试验2组（P<0.05）。⑤试验1组Occludin、Zo-1、Claudin-1表达量显著高于对照组（P<0.05）,Occludin、Claudin-1表达量显著高于试验2组（P<0.05）。以上结果表明,红曲合生元酵母硒锗复合制剂和复方中药提取物对育肥猪肠道健康均有改善作用,但红曲合生元酵母硒锗复合制剂组饲喂效果优于复方中药提取物组。     

影响玉米脱粒性能的因素分析与研究

针对我国玉米收获时籽粒含水率较高,不能直接脱粒收获的关键问题,通过单因素试验,分析了影响玉米籽粒破碎率和未脱净率的主要因素—籽粒含水率和脱粒速度等。利用Origin软件进行数据拟合并绘图,得出含水率和脱粒速度与破碎率、未脱净率的关系。试验数据表明,适合玉米脱粒的籽粒含水率为13.9%~27.6%,当含水率为18.3%时,籽粒破碎率最低;满足玉米脱粒条件的脱粒线速度为2.99~7.77m/s,当线速度为5.04m/s时脱粒效果最佳。     

Canine fetal echocardiography: correlations for the analysis of cardiac dimensions

The aim of this study was to develop regression models for correlation of canine fetal heart development with body size to characterize normal development or suggest cardiac anomalies. Twenty clinically healthy pregnant bitches, either brachycephalic and non-brachycephalic, were examined ultrasonographically. Transabdominal fetal echocardiography was conducted every 4 days from the beginning of cardiac chambers differentiation until parturition. Ten cardiac parameters were measured: length, width and diameter of the heart; heart area; left and right ventricular dimensions; left and right atrial dimensions; and aortic and pulmonary artery diameter. Femoral length, biparietal diameter and abdominal cross-sectional area were also recorded. Regression equations were developed for each parameter of fetal body size, and linear and logarithmic models were compared. The model with the highest correlation coefficient was chosen to produce equations to calculate relative dimensions based on the correlations. Only the left-ventricular chamber differed between the two racial groups. Biparietal diameter was the independent parameter that produced the highest correlation coefficient for the most fetal cardiac dimensions, although good correlations were also observed using femoral length and abdominal cross-sectional area. Heart width and heart diameter were used as surrogates of cardiac development, as these measurements showed the best statistical correlation. Quantitative evaluation of fetal cardiac structures can be used to monitor normal and abnormal cardiac development.     

Tenogenic induction of equine mesenchymal stem cells by means of growth factors and low-level laser technology

Tendons regenerate poorly due to a dense extracellular matrix and low cellularity. Cellular therapies aim to improve tendon repair using mesenchymal stem cells and tenocytes; however, a current limitation is the low proliferative potential of tenocytes in cases of severe trauma. The purpose of this study was to develop a method useful in veterinary medicine to improve the differentiation of Peripheral Blood equine mesenchymal stem cells (PB-MSCs) into tenocytes. PB-MSCs were used to study the effects of the addition of some growth factors (GFs) as TGFβ3 (transforming growth factor), EGF2 (Epidermal growth factor), bFGF2 (Fibroblast growth factor) and IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor) in presence or without Low Level Laser Technology (LLLT) on the mRNA expression levels of genes important in the tenogenic induction as Early Growth Response Protein-1 (EGR1), Tenascin (TNC) and Decorin (DCN). The singular addition of GFs did not show any influence on the mRNA expression of tenogenic genes whereas the specific combinations that arrested cell proliferation in favour of differentiation were the following: bFGF2 + TGFβ3 and bFGF2 + TGFβ3 + LLLT. Indeed, the supplement of bFGF2 and TGFβ3 significantly upregulated the expression of Early Growth Response Protein-1 and Decorin, while the use of LLLT induced a significant increase of Tenascin C levels. In conclusion, the present study might furnish significant suggestions for developing an efficient approach for tenocyte induction since the external administration of bFGF2 and TGFβ3, along with LLLT, influences the differentiation of PB-MSCs towards the tenogenic fate.     

Immunological and pathological investigations in equine experimental uveitis

Background

The pathogenic mechanism of equine recurrent uveitis (ERU) is still poorly defined and many variations between experimental animal models and spontaneous disease exist.

Objectives

The aim of our study was to investigate if Th17 cell-mediated response plays role in the pathogenesis of the used experimental model in horses and to reveal its pathological findings.

Methods

Experimental uveitis was induced in 6 healthy horses. The concentrations of retinal autoantigen CRALBP and IL-17 were measured using ELISA in aqueous humor and vitreous body of the 12 inflamed eyes as well as in 12 control non-inflamed eyes taken from 6 horses in slaughter house. After centrifugation of the two eye media, smears were prepared and cytological investigation was performed. Tissue specimens were taken from all eye globes and were submitted to histopathological investigation.

Results

CRALBP and IL-17 concentrations were significantly elevated in eye media of horses with experimental uveitis in comparison with controls. Cytological and histopathological findings corresponded to the changes characteristic of chronic immune-mediated inflammation with mononuclear cell infiltration of uvea, choroid, retina, and eye media as well as severe retinal destruction.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrated the involvement of the retinal autoantigen CRALBP as well as IL-17 in the pathogenesis of experimental uveitis in horses. These findings suggests that this experimental uveitis in horses may serve as a suitable animal model for investigation of IL-17- mediated immune response during spontaneous autoimmune uveitis in horses as well as in humans.

     

“新郁”葡萄离体再生体系的建立

以"新郁"葡萄组培苗为试材,采用离体再生方法,探究了IBA+6-BA及IBA+TDZ2种激素组合的8个浓度配比对"新郁"葡萄离体叶片、叶柄和茎段的愈伤组织诱导及再生的影响。此外,通过比较红光、白光、蓝光、暗培养转红光、暗培养转白光、暗培养转蓝光6种光照条件下愈伤组织的诱导效率及分化潜力,确定了最适宜"新郁"葡萄离体组织培养的光照条件。结果表明:"新郁"葡萄离体再生体系在以叶片为外植体时不定芽再生效率最高;在最适宜的外源激素组合IBA 0.2mg/mL+6-BA 2.0mg/mL诱导下,不定芽再生率可达34.9%。6种光照条件中,以暗培养3周后转红光培养不定芽再生效果最佳,再生率、平均再生芽数、愈伤组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和干物质含量均高于其它光质。     

基于ISSR分子标记的紫云英种质资源遗传多样性及结构分析

紫云英(Astragalus sinicus L.)是我国重要的稻田绿肥作物,为揭示不同地区种质资源遗传特征,本研究利用ISSR分子标记对77份紫云英种质资源进行了遗传多样性及结构分析。研究发现,77份供试紫云英种质资源遗传相似性系数为0.567 7～0.868 6,可划分为6个聚类。不同地区群体间分化系数为0.136 3,达到极显著水平(P<0.001),其中种群间变异占比13.9%,种群内变异占比86.1%。不同ISSR引物扩增信息鉴别紫云英资源的能力存在差异,构建了以P809第3,8,9,10,12,15扩增位点以及P886第1,3,5,9,10,11扩增位点为特征的指纹图谱,能有效区分77份供试紫云英资源。以资源所在省份为单元进行群体分析,供试紫云英资源遗传结构呈现分化特征,河南-安徽-江苏-上海资源遗传结构相似,构成北方亚群;四川-广西-湖南-江西资源相似,构成西南方亚群;福建种质资源则呈现混合型特征。本研究结果可为我国紫云英种质资源的科学利用及新品种选育提供依据。