检测马疱疹病毒4型抗体间接ELISA方法的建立及应用简

In order to establish an indirect ELISA method for detection of equine herpesviruses type 4 （EHV4） antibody, the glycoprotein G （gG） protein with specific epitope worked as a detection antigen. After optimizing conditions, the indirect ELISA method was developed successfully，specificity and repeatability tests were determined. The result was that the EHV4 gG only reacted with antibodies against EHV4;but not with antibodies against EHV1; both the intro-batch and inter-batch variation coefficiencies were lower than 10%.Concordance of the indirect ELISA relative to commercial EHV1/4 antibody kit was above 90%.The results indicated that the indirect ELISA method could be used for the detection and epidemiological surveys of EHV4 infection.     

Comparative Study on Carcass Traits and Meat Quality of Different Month Old of Xinjiang Brown Cattle Steers

In this research,12 heads of 28 to 30 months (low months age group) and 8 heads of 32 to 34 months (high months age group) Xinjiang Brown cattle steers which fed in the same mode of nutrition were chose for the slaughter test,in which the carcass traits,nutrient composition and some edible quality index were measured and comparative analyzed,a research which through comparative analysis the carcass traits and meat quality of nutritional components of different months of Xinjiang Brown cattle steers was carried out.The results indicated that the marbling,carcass grade,fat,meat color of high months age group were better than that of low months age group,the traits of the low months age group on fat color,moisture,protein,cooking loss and shear force value were better than that of high months age group,and there were significant difference on the traits of fat and meat color L^* between the two groups (P<0.05),while the differences of other traits between them were not significant (P>0.05);As high-grade beef,in addition to the traits of meat color and pH value of the chunk roll,tenderloin and striploin,each site of the meat traits on the fat,protein,moisture,cooking loss,shear force value indicators were all better than other parts,and showed the best of nutritional value and edible quality.28 to 34 months of Xinjiang Brown cattle steers could produce high-grade beef,the meat could be used as the raw materials of steak and boiled beef.     

流固耦合方法对气携旋流分离的数值模拟

指出了气携式液液旋流器是港区小型化、船载化洗舱、压仓含油废水预处理的关键设备.采用流固耦合数值模拟方法再现压缩机进气、油水旋流与设备本体的整体气浮—旋流—分离耦合计算模型 ,对其核心部件微孔旋流套管的构型、孔径、内外压差及腔内流场分布进行了三维数值模拟 ,得到了微孔旋流腔内汽、水、油三相的流场分布 ,合理确定了注气腔气—水平衡分压、溢流比和微孔孔径 ,并模拟了压缩机、潜水泵正常工况下进气、进水、出水、油污溢流的流量、流速波动范围 ,为该设备的一体化构型设计和加工选材提供了参考数据.     

陕西百年农业科技发展研究

笔者回顾了陕西百年来不同时期农业科技发展的历史背景与社会环境,分析了陕西农业科技发展的动因与本质、范围与对象、社会需求等内在属性特征;总结了陕西农业科技发展的主要成效,即构建了农业科研技术服务体系、培育推广了技术良种方法、发展了农业产业、形成了农业科技发展的政策人才环境、改变了农业传统观念与生产方式;归纳凝练出陕西农业科技发展的经验启示,即农业科技发展是解决农业诸多矛盾的必然要求、实现农业现代化的有效途径、构建农业安全的重要举措,同时农业科技发展必须以国家需要、人民需求为根本出发点。指出陕西农业科技发展中成果转化率不高、体制机制僵化、省级支持不够、基层人员结构不合理等问题,提出通过“科研面向需求”、设立省级基金、开展农技有偿服务、扩大农技部门人事权限、发挥各类市场主体作用来解决问题,推动全省农业科技持续稳步发展。     

The mechanical roles of the clasping leaf sheath in cereals: Two case studies from oat and wheat plants

Stem lodging is a common problem in cereal crop production and a main constraint for grain yield improvement. The leaf sheath that surrounds and protects the hollow internodes of stem could provide the plants with a great physical support. However, this biomechanical function has been ignored for several decades in cereal crops. This study aimed to examine the biomechanical properties of basal stem internodes and lodging susceptibility of the whole plants with or without the clasping leaf sheath in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and oat (Avena sativa L.) among different genotypes and agronomic practices (including planting densities and nitrogen application rates). The main objective was to quantify the mechanical role of the leaf sheath in oat and wheat crops by a “safety factor” method. On average, the leaf sheath contributed 40%, 68% and 38% of the overall stem bending strength, flexural rigidity and safety factor, in oat, while it accounted for 11%, 24% and 10%, respectively, in wheat plants. The significant contribution of the leaf sheath is due to its vital role in enlarging the peripheral position (i.e., second moment of area) and stiffness (i.e., Young's modulus). The contribution ratios (%) were found to be higher in oat than in wheat plants, due to the greater mass density of leaf sheath and more proficient/prevailing stay-green capability in oat genotypes. This study emphasizes the important mechanical role of clasping leaf sheath on stem internodes of cereals and indicates that the stay-green trait of the leaf sheath can be exploited to design appropriate varieties with improved lodging resistance and great yield potential.     

不同保水处理下苏丹草光合特性研究

为了研究矿区生态修复过程中植物对不同保水措施的生理响应,以常用修复植物苏丹草为研究对象,利用CIRAS-2型(PP-Systems)光合仪测定苏丹草的光合指标,探讨高温下苏丹草对不同保水措施的生理响应,以期为矿区生态修复中的保水措施提供理论依据。结果表明：不同保水处理下苏丹草的光合速率Pn和瞬间水分利用效率WUE日变化均呈“W”型曲线,蒸腾速率Tr日变化呈“M”型曲线。苏丹草的Pn有“午休”现象存在,主要受非气孔因素的影响。影响苏丹草Pn、Tr的主要环境因子为大气CO₂浓度Ca、大气温度Tc、大气相对湿度RH。在土壤上覆盖火烧石和添加粉煤灰均显著增大了苏丹草的Pn和WUE,增强了苏丹草适应高温环境的能力。从Pn的指标来看,土壤表面覆盖火烧石处理比土壤中添加粉煤灰处理的效果好,但两者同时作用效果略低于单独用火烧石处理,原因有待进一步研究。     

秸秆替代阔叶木屑代料栽培黑木耳的应用研究

以黑木耳为试材,以玉米芯和大豆秸秆作为原料,按照阔叶木屑与秸秆不同比例,部分替代现有阔叶木屑代料栽培黑木耳,并通过测定不同比例配方培养的黑木耳的生物学特性、质量、产量,筛选出以秸秆与阔叶木屑为原料代料栽培黑木耳的最佳配方。结果表明:秸秆添加量达到60%的条件下,产量并未显著降低,说明秸秆作为部分替代木屑栽培基质的代用物料是可行的。     

浅析网络时代大学生自我管理能力的培养

良好的自我管理是大学生文明成人,健康成才,和谐成功的基础。自我管理能力是当代大学生必备的素质,也是我国高教体制改革的必然要求。在互联网时代,受到各种信息的冲击,加强大学生自我管理能力的培养是大学生适应社会发展、有效开发自身潜能、提高自身综合素质的根本需要。本文就网络时代下大学生做好自我管理的重要性,现实状况以及网络时代下如何培养大学生的自我管理能力进行简要分析,为网络时代下提高自我管理能力提供现实参考。     

主成分分析及隶属函数法评价非洲菊不同品种对低温弱光的适应性

以贵阳地区栽培的13个非洲菊品种为供试材料,研究冬春季节低温弱光对非洲菊不同品种叶片中可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、叶绿素、游离脯氨酸、总超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、丙二醛和质膜透性等生理生化指标的影响,利用主成分分析法、模糊隶属函数法及聚类分析法对非洲菊不同品种进行耐低温弱光适应性综合评价。结果表明,丙二醛含量、总超氧化物歧化酶活性、可溶性蛋白含量、脯氨酸含量、可溶性糖含量等5个指标可作为非洲菊耐低温弱光性的评价鉴定指标。13个非洲菊品种的耐低温弱光性依次为:秋日、娇艳>阳光海岸、大088、白马王子>缤纷>鸿运、红色妖姬>红极星、贵族>玲珑、靓粉、蜜糖。     

荞麦抗旱性研究进展

荞麦是一种珍贵的药食同源作物,随着人们对健康饮食的逐渐重视,荞麦及其加工产品在人们生活中的地位越发重要。中国拥有丰富的荞麦资源,多种植在干旱或半干旱的冷凉高原山区及边远山区。干旱严重影响荞麦的产量和品质,提高荞麦抗旱性在荞麦生产中起着重要的作用。为此,从干旱对荞麦形态特征、抗旱性的生理生化基础、干旱对荞麦产量及品质的影响等方面阐述了荞麦抗旱性的研究进展,并对荞麦抗旱分子机理方面的研究进行了展望。