多重PCR诊断猪细小病毒、伪狂犬病毒和圆环病毒Ⅱ型方法的建立和应用

根据GenBank中已发表的猪细小病毒(PPV)、猪伪狂犬病毒(PRV)和猪圆环病毒Ⅱ型(PCV2)等3种病毒基因序列,对各病毒基因区进行同源性分析,确定PPV VP2、PRV gB、PCV2 ORF1基因的保守区为各病毒的诊断靶序列.在建立各病毒单重PCR技术的基础上,优化多重PCR反应条件,建立了三种病毒的多重PCR技术.用78份临床病料对本研究多重PCR技术和单重PCR技术进行对比验证,结果显示,总符合率为97.4%以上.该方法特异性强、敏感性高,为PPV、PRV和PCV2临床诊断和流行病学调查等研究提供了新手段.     

庆阳站持久高效草地农业优化模式

根据多年的技术资料和生产实际，采用线性规划法作为系统优化的基本方法，拟定了庆阳黄土高原试验站草地农业结构的优化模式。     

酒石酸泰乐菌素的体外抗病原菌活性测定

本研究进行了国产酒石酸泰乐菌素在体外对几种常见病原自活性及最小抑菌浓度测定，并与进口酒石酸泰乐菌素进行对比。结果表明，国产酒石酸泰乐菌素对金黄色葡萄球菌，猪丹毒杆菌、多杀性巴氏杆菌、致病性大肠杆菌、鸡白痢沙门氏菌、嗜水气单胞杆茵和鸡败血支原体的ＭＩＣ（μｇ／ｍｌ）分别是４．８９，９．７７，９７．６６，１５６２．５，３１２５和０．０５，其中对鸡败血支原体最好，与有关文献报道基本一致，同时与进口酒石酸泰乐菌素有相似的抗菌谱及抗菌效力。     

Kaempferol alleviates the reduction of developmental competence during aging of porcine oocytes

Kaempferol (KAE) is a natural flavonoid present in different plant species and exhibits anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer therapeutic properties. In the present study, we investigated the influence and underlying mechanisms of KAE supplementation on porcine oocytes during in vitro aging. The results show that KAE treatment can alleviate the aging‐related reduction of developmental competence. We observed that the blastocyst production rate in aged oocytes treated with 0.1 μM KAE was significantly higher than in untreated aging oocytes (36.78 ± 0.86% vs. 27.55 ± 2.60%, respectively, p < .05). The KAE‐treated aging oocytes had significantly reduced levels of reactive oxygen species (p < .05). Furthermore, the mRNA levels of the embryonic pluripotency‐related genes Oct4, NANOG, and ITGA5 were significantly increased in blastocysts derived from KAE‐treated oocytes (p < .05). During excessive oocyte culture, KAE treatment maintained the mitochondrial membrane potential and reduced apoptosis; however, this was not observed in untreated aging oocytes. In conclusion, our results suggest that KAE treatment can alleviate the aging of porcine oocytes by reducing oxidative stress and improving mitochondrial function.     

动物源性食品中阿托品残留检测研究进展

阿托品(atropine)是兽医临床常用抗胆碱药物,超量及非法使用易造成其在动物源性食品中大量残留,从而影响消费者健康。为减少残留对消费者的危害,探究残留检测方法十分必要。本文从其主要检测方法——分光光度法、高效液相色谱法和仪器联用法入手,简述了各种方法的研究进展并总结出各自的特性。分光光度法灵敏度高、操作简便,可用于基层阿托品残留检测;高效液相色谱法和仪器联用法准确度与灵敏度高,但这两种方法使用仪器较多,对操作人员要求高,在基层检测中受到很大限制。因此,建立更加快速、操作简单、低成本的免疫学方法具有十分重要的意义。     

毕节地区畜禽良繁体系建设现状与对策

毕节地区畜禽良繁体系建设工作多年来在各级政府和业务部门的重视支持下,形成了三级良繁体系,取得明显的成效,但也存在一些不足。笔者围绕目前毕节地区畜禽良繁体系建设提出如下粗浅建议。1毕节地区畜禽良繁体系发展情况1.1发展现状毕节地区畜禽良繁体系建设工作通过近20年的努     

Clinicopathological studies on facial eczema outbreak in sheep in Southwest Turkey

After very hot summer, 22 sheep from 5 different flocks consisting of approximately 150-200 animals each were diagnosed with facial eczema in September 2005, in southwest Turkey. Photophobia, corneal opacity, severe ulcers of the facial skin, especially localized around the eyes and mouth, and 3% mortality were the most prominent clinical symptoms. GGT levels of the animals were very high and varying between 261- 328 U/l. While the activities of ALT and total bilirubin were elevated and AST was normal in affected sheep. Total bilirubin level was higher than normal. Seven of the 22 sheep were euthanatized and necropsy was performed on all of these animals. Severe icterus, hepatomegaly, enlarged gallbladder, congestion of mesenteric vessels were the common necropsy findings. Histopathological changes of the liver included necrosis of the hepatocytes, cholangiohepatitis characterized by mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltrate in the portal area and mild to severe fibrosis around bile ducts. A diagnosis of sporidesmin toxicosis was made based on the histopathology of the livers, the elevation in liver enzymes, and the development of cutaneous lesions consistent with photosensitization and high spore counts in the ruminal contents. Surviving sheep were treated with procaine penicillin + dihidrostreptomycin sulfate, multivitamin complexes and flunixin meglumine. Additionally, zinc sulphate was also given at a dose of 6 gr per 100 lt drinking water for 28 days. All treated sheep recovered. Pasture spore counts were between 96,300- 267,500 spores/g grass.     

Effects of artemisinin in broiler chickens following chronic oral intake

Artemisinin has been used for centuries to treat malaria, intestinal tract helminthosis, diarrhea, and used as an antipyretic and sedative agent, but the usage in veterinary medicine is a new field. Recently, it has been used successfully to control experimental poultry coccidiosis. The present study aimed to determine the effects of different doses of artemisinin in broiler chickens with chronic usage. Sixty birds divided into one control and four treatment groups that fed rations mixed with artemisinin at doses of 17, 34, 68, and 136 ppm for 36 days. During the experiment, birds showed no clinical signs except anemia. In microscopic examinations, heart, lung, and spleen had no lesion, but liver, kidney, and brain showed various lesions. Degenerative lesions like intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusions were seen in both kidney and liver but fatty change was seen only in liver. There was no relationship between severity of the liver lesions and drug dosage. Central chromatolysis, scattered neuronal necrosis, and mild spongy changes were observed in five regions of the brain that were chosen for sectioning (motor cortex, cerebellar nuclei, midbrain nuclei, and hindbrain nuclei at two separate levels). Severity of lesions in brain was dose-dependent, and cerebral cortex was the most vulnerable area. Haematologic tests showed lower values for hematocrit and red blood cell count dose-dependently. In conclusion, artemisinin is a promising drug for prevention and control of coccidiosis in broiler chickens and its side effects are not too much serious especially at therapeutic doses.     

牛杀菌／通透性增加蛋白氮端基因的克隆和序列分析

本试验应用RT-PCR技术,参照Genbank报道的序列,从荷斯坦牛中性粒细胞mRNA中扩增出杀菌／通透性增加蛋白（BPI）氮端基因（713bp）,并与pGEM-T-easy载体连接,构建基因重组体pGEM-T-easy-BPI,进行序列测定。结果表明获得长度为713bp的BPI氮端基因。序列分析证实该片段与安哥斯牛BPI氮端基因相比有1个点突变,为同义突变。该基因的克隆为进一步表达该基因奠定了基础。