Transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus from persistently infected sows to contact controls.

The objective of this study was to determine if porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) could persist in non-pregnant sows and if persistently infected sows could transmit virus to naive contact controls. Twelve PRRSV-naive, non-pregnant sows (index sows) were infected with a field isolate of PRRSV and housed in individual isolation rooms for 42 to 56 days postinfection. Following this period, 1 naive contact sow was placed in each room divided by a gate allowing nose-to-nose contact with a single index sow. Index sows were not viremic at the time of contact sow entry. Virus nucleic acid was detected by polymerase chain reaction, and infectious virus was detected by virus isolation in sera from 3 of the 12 contact sows at 49, 56, and 86 days postinfection. All 3 infected contacts developed PRRSV antibodies. Virus nucleic acid was detected in tissues of all of the 12 index sows at 72 or 86 days postinfection. Nucleic acid sequencing indicated that representative samples from index and infected contacts were homologous (> 99%) to the PRRSV used to infect index sows at the onset of the study. This study demonstrates that PRRSV can persist in sows and that persistently infected sows can transmit virus to naive contact animals.     

新世纪的信仰教育:困境及出路

文章通过对大学生信仰状况调查，分析了高校信仰教育面临的困境，并对信仰教育的重构与出路作了探讨。     

墨绿色苦瓜新品种翠玉的选育

翠玉是以自交系0123为母本,0219为父本配制成的苦瓜一代杂种.中早熟,果实长棒形,纵径30～35 cm,横径10～13 cm,瓜肉厚1.0～1.5 cm,单瓜质量500～700g,产量2 500～3000kg·(667 m2)-1,皮墨绿色,大刺瘤,对白粉病和枯萎病的抗性强于对照翠妃,适宜南方春秋种植.     

Effect of dietary vitamin C and ammonia concentration on the cellular defense response of Macrobrachium nipponense

This study examined the effects of dietary vitamin C and ammonia concentration on the cellular defense response of Macrobrachium nipponese . The response of the cellular defense was determined by monitoring changes in reactive oxygen intermediates in hemocytes, superoxide dismutase activity, catalase activity, glutathione peroxidase activity, glutathione reductase and glutathione transferase activity in muscle. The results showed that prawns fed the basal diet had a significant increase in reactive oxygen intermediates in response to exposure to ammonia-N. When dietary vitamin C was added to the feed, there was a significant decrease in reactive oxygen intermediates in response to exposure to ammonia-N. Total superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity of prawns fed the basal diet decreased as ammonia-N increased. This decrease in activity was significantly less pronounced in prawns that were fed the dietary vitamin C supplement. In prawns that were fed the dietary vitamin C supplement there was no significant variation in catalase reductase or gluxathione reductase activity in response to variations in ammonia-N concentration. The glutathione transference activity increased at a low concentration of ammonia-N in prawns that were fed the dietary vitamin C supplement, but there was no significant variation in the prawns fed the basal diet. Overall the results indicate that dietary vitamin C supplements enhance the capacity of M. nipponese to respond to elevations in ammonia-N. This response involved several biochemical reactions known to be involved in cellular defense.     

新西兰乳业概况

1发展历史新西兰乳制品工业始于1814年,当时从国外进口了两头成母牛和一头公牛;1871年,第一个合作社性质的乳品公司成立并开始生产奶酪;1882年,第一船冷冻黄油销往英国。回首新西兰乳制品工业的历史,创新和技术是其走向成功的重要因素,早期的创新包括1884年奶油分离技术和18世纪80年代机械挤奶设备的引入。当时,追求进步的思想渗透到新西兰乳制品工业的各个环节,从农场原料奶生产、处理、深加工到市场销售。2乳业介绍新西兰虽然仅有400万人口,但乳业相当发达。奶牛总头数为530多万头(包括小牛和种用公牛),其中泌乳母牛为390万头,分布在全国1…     

节瓜常温贮藏品质的变化

节瓜高产抗病,肉质清甜,嫩瓜和老熟瓜均可食用,老熟瓜耐贮性好,室温下即可贮藏2~3个月,与目前国内蔬菜贮藏保鲜常用的低温贮藏法相比,成本低、操作方便、保鲜期长。本试验研究了节瓜在常温贮藏过程中水分、可溶性糖、VC含量及风味品质的变化,以期找出节瓜常温贮藏的最佳贮藏期限。1材料与方法以广西主栽节瓜品种桂优1号(广西农业科学院蔬菜研究中心提供,粉皮类型)为试材,2003年2月20日定植,7月4日采收,取花后50d(天)无虫害、无机械损伤的老熟瓜40个,自然温度下置于通风室内架贮。在贮架上铺1层纸板,把瓜平放在架上,堆放2层,贮藏期间不进行…     

Outcome of limb amputations in wapiti: 13 cases (1995-2001).

The object of this investigation was to determine the outcome of limb amputation in wapiti. Medical records of 13 wapiti that underwent limb amputation were reviewed to determine age, weight, sex, injury preceding amputation, limb amputated, amputation location, length of hospital stay, complications, and outcome. Ages ranged from 3 months to 8 years and weights from 70 kg to 280 kg. All animals were female. Eleven animals sustained catastrophic long bone fractures prior to amputation. Five animals had front limb amputations and 8 had hind limb amputations. Of these animals, 1 with a front limb amputaiton and 5 with hind limb amputations survived. Postsurgical inability to stand is associated with hospitalization of > 1 day. Of the 13 wapiti reviewed, 5 with hind limb amputations have produced and reared offspring. Hind limb amputation can be considered a viable alternative to euthanasia when catastrophic orthopedic injuries occur in female wapiti.     

离心式压缩机喘振问题分析

当压缩机内气体的流量较低时,气体容易出现旋转脱离现象,导致压缩机不能正常工作,采取增加压缩机内部液体的流量,在出口处设置单向阀防止气体倒流等措施,可有效地防止喘振的发生,保证输气管道的正常运行.     

牛Myostatin基因单核苷酸多态性分析

Myostatin基因即肌肉生长抑制素,是一种肌肉生长的负调控因子。应运PCR-SSCP和测序的方法对中国秦川牛、南阳牛以及国外引入品种皮埃蒙特牛双肌基因的第三外显子进行了多态性分析。结果表明:第三外显子938处G→A的单核苷酸的突变造成了南阳牛、皮埃蒙特牛第三外显子扩增片段多态性,秦川牛则不然。