沼液浸种对黑麦草种子发芽的影响

为了研究沼液浸种对黑麦草种子发芽的影响,设置4个浓度沼液分别浸泡黑麦草种子,分析种子各项发芽指标的变化。结果表明:各处理均能正常发芽,黑麦草种子的发芽率和发芽势等4项发芽指标均随着浸种沼液浓度的增加呈现先上升后下降的趋势,以75%沼液浓度浸种效果最优,但沼液浸种对发芽率和发芽势的影响要高于苗高和根长。综合分析认为利用沼液浸泡黑麦草种子是提高其生产性能的有力措施,适宜在生产中推广利用。     

The pharmacokinetics and metabolism of ivermectin in domestic animal species

The pharmacokinetic properties of drugs are closely related to their pharmacological efficacy. The kinetics of ivermectin are characterised, in general terms, by a slow absorption process, a broad distribution in the organism, low metabolism, and slow excretion. The kinetics vary according to the route of administration, formulation, animal species, body condition, age, and physiological status, all of which contribute to differences in drug efficacy. Characterisation of ivermectin kinetics can be used to predict and optimise the value of the parasiticide effects and to design programmes for parasite control. This article reviews the pharmacokinetics of ivermectin in several domestic animal species.     

Nitric oxide production by macrophages stimulated with Coccidia sporozoites, lipopolysaccharide, or interferon-gamma, and its dynamic changes in SC and TK strains of chickens infected with Eimeria tenella

Nitric oxide (NO) is an important mediator of innate and acquired immunities. In the studies reported here, we quantified NO produced in vitro by chicken leukocytes and macrophages and in vivo during the course of experimental infection with Eimeria, the causative agent of avian coccidiosis, and identified macrophages as the primary source of inducible NO. Eimeria tenella-infected chickens produced higher levels of NO compared with noninfected controls. In Eimeria-infected animals, SC chickens produced greater amounts of NO compared with infected TK chickens, particularly in the intestinal cecum, the region of the intestine infected by E. tenella. Macrophages that were isolated from normal spleen were a major source of NO induced by interferon (IFN)-gamma, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and E. tenella sporozoites. Macrophage cell line MQ-NCSU produced high levels of NO in response to Escherichia coli or Salmonella typhi LPS, whereas the HD-11 macrophage cell line was more responsive to IFN-gamma. These findings are discussed in the context of the genetic differences in SC and TK chickens that may contribute to their divergent disease phenotypes.     

陕西杨陵地区猪弓形虫病的血清学调查研究

应用间接血凝试验（ＩＨＡ）对采自杨陵区食品公司屠宰点、西北农业大学实验农场种猪场,西北农林科技大学兽医院的２１４份猪血样进行弓形虫抗体的定性检测,包括血清检测法（１７６份）,滤纸干血滴法（３８份）两种方法。结果检出阳性血样５份,阳性率为２．３４％。其中来自杨陵区食品公司屠宰点猪血样１３６份,全部用血清检测法测定结果,阳性５份,阳性率为３．６８％,来自西北农林科技大学农场种猪场血样７６份,３８份血清     

益生菌对鲤鱼免疫功能影响的研究

本研究采用有益芽孢杆菌制成微生物添加剂 ,对鲤鱼的生长和免疫功能进行试验。试验鲤鱼苗分两组 ,试验组添加1 %生态制剂 ,经100d饲喂试验 ,结果 :①益生菌生态制剂对鲤鱼有促生长作用 ,试验组较对照组提高增重11.8 % ,饵料系数下降0.24 ;②试验组免疫器官胸腺、脾脏生长发育较对照组迅速、成熟快 ,电镜观察免疫器官内T、B淋巴细胞较对照组成熟快、数量增多、产生抗体增多 ,免疫功能增强 ;③试验组前肠粘膜皱褶增多、隐窝加深、微绒毛长而密集 ,肠吸收面积增大 ,为鲤鱼增重、防病治病提供理论依据     

刀额新对虾淡水养殖技术

刀额新对虾ＭｅｔａｐｅｎａｅｕｓｅｎｓｉｓｄｅＭａｎ属十足目（Ｄｅｃａｐｏｄａ）、游泳亚目（Ｎａｔａｎｔｉａ）、对虾科（Ｐｃｎａｅｉｄａｅ）、新对虾属（Ｍｅｔａｐｅｎａｅｕｓ）,俗称基围虾,以其壳薄体肥、肉嫩味美而深受消费者青睐。刀额新对虾海水养殖已有多年历史,但淡水养殖８０年代中后期才试养成功,国内多家生产单位进行了试验养殖,都取得了较好的效果,包卫空等（１９９９）试验取得了１２０－７５ｋｇ／０－０６７ｈｍ２的好成绩。１　刀额新对虾的生物学１－１　形态特征刀额新对虾体土黄到棕褐色,游泳足棕色或…     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Echinococcus granulosus</Emphasis>: Immunoprotection accompanyied by humoral and cytokine response against secondary hydatidosis in mice immunized with r<Emphasis Type="Italic">Eg.</Emphasis>myophilin

Objects:  

This study aimed to investigate the immunoprotection of the recombinant Eg.myophilin (rEg.myophilin) and tentatively analyze mechanism of this protection.     

DNA Barcoding:An Effective Tool for Species Identification of Lepidopteran Oak Pests

[Objective] The paper was to improve the efficiency and accuracy of early forecast of Lepidopteran oak-infesting pests.[Method] DNA barcoding technique was established for quick species identification using mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit Ⅰ(COⅠ) as the standard gene.This barcoding technique was used to amplify and sequence genomic DNA samples from eggs and pupae of 11 species of Lepidopteran pests collected from oak.[Result] The DNA barcoding standard genes of 594-708 bp were determined from eggs and pupae of Lepidopteran insects.There were differences of 0-2 bases in DNA barcode sequences between conspecific eggs and pupae,with the sequence identity of 99.7%-100%.The average content of A,T,G and C of DNA barcode sequences from Lepidopteran insects were 30.7%,38.5%,14.9% and 15.9%,respectively.The obtained DNA barcode sequences had 91.4%-100% identity and 0-8.6% difference degree with GenBank-deposited DNA barcode sequences from organisms of the genetically-closest relationship.Among them,DNA barcode sequences from egg and pupa samples of 10 Lepidopteran insects(No.1-20) had 99%-100% identity and 0-1.0% difference degree with homologous sequences in GenBank database,while the remaining samples(No.21-22) had high difference degree(8.6%) with homologous sequences.[Conclusion] The established DNA barcoding technique is an effeetive tool for species identification of Lepidopteran pests using genomic DNA from eggs and pupae of Lepidopteran insects.     

Radiosensitivity of canine osteosarcoma cells transfected with wild‐type p53 in vitro*

The p53 gene is one of the important tumour suppressor genes that are involved with the cell survival signal pathway. One of the major functions of the p53 protein is to organize cell cycle regulation and induction of apoptosis for cellular genetic stability. It has been documented that more than 50% of all human cancers include a p53 mutation. We evaluated the difference in radiosensitivity between upregulating the expression of canine wild‐type p53 (cp53) in cultured osteosarcoma (D17) cells and naive D17 cells in vitro. We found that upregulating transfected cp53 D17 cells increased their radiation sensitivity in vitro, and there was a significant decrease (P < 0.009) in survival between cp53‐transfected D17 cells and naive D17 cells. In this experiment, a p53 enhancement ratio (p53ER) reached approximately 3.0 at high doses. The transfected cp53 D17 cells were significantly more radiosensitive at all doses evaluated than naive D17 cells, except at 1 Gy where too few data points were available. The p53ER increased rapidly at doses less than 4 Gy, achieving a maximum of about 3.0 for doses of 4 Gy and above. This study shows the enhanced radiosensitivity of the transfected p53 at clinically relevant doses.     

对上海市区县兽医实验室设置问题的思考

阐述了目前上海市区(县)兽医系统实验室设置情况比较混乱,部分区兽医系统实验室已转/并至农产品检测中心,名称五花八门,由此出现的问题也层出不断的情况.根据《动物防疫法》《应急条例》等法律法规,对动物疫病预防控制机构及兽医系统实验室承担的职责进行梳理,汇总和分析后,得出结论:区(县)兽医系统实验室应依法设置于动物疫病预防控制机构,疫病监测与诊断是兽医系统实验室法律所赋予的主要职能,与以检测为主的农产品安全检测中心有着本质的区别,剥离了兽医实验室的区(县)动物疫病预防控制机构,无法真正履行好其法定职责.并提出了相应的解决方案与建议.