A comparison of clinical,magnetic resonance imaging and pathological findings in dogs with gliomatosis cerebri,focusing on cases with minimal magnetic resonance imaging changes‡

The primary study objective was to determine whether clinical examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can underestimate canine gliomatosis cerebri (GC); we also investigated immunohistochemical features. Seven dogs with GC were studied; four recruited specifically because of minimal MRI changes. Neuroanatomic localization and the distribution of MRI, gross and sub‐gross lesions were compared with the actual histological distribution of neoplastic cells. In six cases, clinical examination predicted focal disease and MRI demonstrated a single lesion or appeared normal. Neoplastic cells infiltrated many regions deemed normal by clinical examination and MRI, and were Olig2‐positive and glial fibrillary acid protein‐negative. Four dogs had concurrent gliomas. GC is a differential diagnosis for dogs with focal neurological deficits and a normal MRI or a focal MRI lesion. Canine GC is probably mainly oligodendrocytic. Type II GC, a solid glioma accompanying diffuse central nervous system neoplastic infiltration, occurs in dogs as in people.     

Theory of mind is independent of episodic memory

Theory of mind (ToM) to infer other people's current mental states and episodic memory of personal happenings have been assumed to be closely related. We report two participants with severely impaired episodic memory who perform indistinguishably from healthy controls on objective ToM tests. These results suggest that ToM can function independently of episodic memory.     

Suspected panosteitis in a camel

CASE DESCRIPTION: A 6-month-old male Bactrian camel was examined because of a 3-week history of lameness of the left hind limb. CLINICAL FINDINGS: Lameness was initially detected in the left hind limb but resolved and was detected in the right hind limb during treatment. Lameness increased during periods of rapid growth. Radiography revealed multiple small opacities of the medullary cavity of several long bones throughout treatment. Core bone biopsies of lesions in the tibiae revealed lamellar bone with areas of loose connective tissue, osteoblasts in the medullary cavity, and periosteal new bone formation, all which were consistent with panosteitis. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME: Palliative treatment was attempted with epidural and transdermal administration of analgesics. Flunixin meglumine was administered PO, which coincided with an abrupt increase in serum creatinine concentration. Performance of multiple diagnostic bone biopsies led to remission of clinical signs of pain. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Panosteitis should be a differential diagnosis for shifting limb lameness in young camels. Bone biopsies can be useful for diagnosis of panosteitis and possible relief of pain associated with the disease. Bactrian camels may be susceptible to the renal toxicity of flunixin meglumine, especially when dehydrated.     

外源ACC通过激活乙烯合成及信号转导诱导小豆抗锈性

大量研究表明, 乙烯可激发植物对死体营养型真菌的抗性, 但我们前期研究发现, 乙烯合成前体ACC可提高小豆对活体营养型真菌——锈菌的抗性, 为初步明确其机制, 本研究分析了ACC处理对小豆乙烯合成及信号转导的影响, 结果表明, ACC处理显著提高了乙烯合成基因VaACS1及信号通路关键基因VaEIN2?VaEIN3?VaERF5的表达水平?此外, ACC处理后再接种锈菌, 小豆锈病的发病程度显著降低?对接种锈菌后不同时间VaPR2和VaPR4的表达分析表明, 相比ACC处理后不接种对照, ACC处理后再接种锈菌的处理, 接种后1~5 d这两个基因表达量显著升高; 与水处理不接种锈菌相比, 水处理接种锈菌5~8 d后VaPR2和VaPR4的表达量虽显著上调, 但应答时间较ACC处理滞后, 且总体表达水平低, 表明ACC激活乙烯通路进而诱导防卫反应基因上调表达是其诱导小豆抗锈性的关键?     

Requirements for the successful introduction and management of rotational irrigation

This paper attempts to identify the critical elements associated with the introduction and management of the practice of Rotational Irrigation in Taiwan, and thus to shed some light on the basic requirements for its successful adoption. While the emphasis is on this specific practice we believe it has implications for the transfer of other technologies in which physical, biological and managerial factors interact importantly.Seven irrigation associations in Taiwan were studied to identify the external conditions and system characteristics that are necessary for a successful change from continuous to rotational irrigation. Three external essentials are identified: (1) a water deficit approximating 25 percent of normal practice in the area; (2) political commitment to the change; (3) adequate financial resources for implementation and subsequent operation. Two system characteristics considered essential are: (1) physical facilities that provide for control and measurement to the level of farmer group responsibility; and (2) management patterns that provide a well-organized operating group and effective communication between the farmers and system personnel, resulting in a responsive plan of operation.Specific adaptations of the Taiwan practices to the local conditions will be necessary before effective transfer of this technology can take place elsewhere.     

束丝藻的竞争优势及其驱动机制的研究进展

束丝藻（Aphanizomenon）是一种丝状固氮蓝藻,具有入侵性且易暴发有害水华。近年来,在全球气候变化推动下束丝藻的扩张已然成为一种世界范围的现象,其广泛分布在温带、热带水体中,因其能合成藻毒素和异味物质而严重影响水生态系统功能,威胁饮用水安全和人类健康。束丝藻耐低温、喜低光,在偏碱性、低氮高磷水体中增殖较快,并凭其固氮、储磷以及释放藻毒素、形成群体胶鞘等独特生态策略使其在种间竞争以及群落结构演替中获得较大竞争优势,成为优势种群。鉴于束丝藻的危害性和扩张性,本文从束丝藻的生理生态特性、分布特征、竞争优势及其关键驱动因子等研究前沿进行了综述,并对相关研究领域进行展望,为进一步研究束丝藻种群竞争优势形成机制,有效防控束丝藻水华提供科学依据。     

广东南澳乌屿岛繁殖期褐翅燕鸥家域研究

广东南澳候鸟省级自然保护区的乌屿岛是中国南部沿海地区最大的褐翅燕鸥繁殖地,为确定褐翅燕鸥在繁殖地的家域范围,我们于2018年5月、2019年5月利用卫星追踪技术在乌屿岛开展了繁殖期褐翅燕鸥家域的研究.结果 表明:褐翅燕鸥家域平均面积为(17346.29±31738.74) km2,家域范围西南至珠江口岛屿,北达福建省漳...     

黄河宁夏段泥沙和灌淤土团聚体速效氮磷分布特征

为明确黄河上游宁夏段泥沙输入对农田灌淤土团聚体和土壤培肥的影响特征,在干流动态采集了5月(春灌)、8月(夏灌)、10月(冬灌)的沉积泥沙,以灌淤土为对照,测定了其机械稳定性团聚体及其NO^3--N、NH4+-N、有效磷含量。结果表明,黄河宁夏段泥沙中<0.25 mm团聚体占70.8%～87.5%;>0.25 mm团聚体数量、平均重量直径和几何平均直径均为8月>10月>5月,泥沙团聚体稳定性显著低于灌淤土。泥沙团聚体无机氮以NO^3--N为主,占78.9%～99.3%。泥沙1～2或0.5～1 mm团聚体有效磷含量较高。5、8月泥沙和灌淤土各粒径团聚体无机氮含量呈正相关,而在10月呈负相关。不同灌溉时期泥沙和灌淤土各粒径团聚体有效磷含量均呈负相关。因此,黄河宁夏段灌溉泥沙<0.25 mm微团聚体对灌淤土团粒结构影响较大,春灌时期不同粒径团聚体泥沙速效氮磷含量最高。     

辣木内生真菌的分离及其抗菌活性物质的初步研究

从辣木中分离得到1株内生真菌ly14,其发酵液对金黄色葡萄球菌、绿脓杆菌和掷孢酵母有很强的抗菌作用．该菌发酵液中的抗菌物质对温度、pH及紫外线照射有较强的稳定性;ly14代谢物的理化特性表明,抗菌物质为极性酸性化合物,其紫外可见吸收光谱在276nm处出现了一个较为明显的吸收峰．