氧化钕经鼻滴注对小鼠神经系统的影响

研究氧化钕经鼻滴注对小鼠神经系统的影响,进一步考察氧化钕的神经毒性是否存在剂量和尺寸效应。选取健康的ICR雌鼠48只,随机分为对照组、低剂量纳米(L-nm)氧化钕组(1μg/mL)、高剂量纳米(H-nm)氧化钕组(40μg/mL)和低剂量微米(L-μm)氧化钕组(1μg/mL)。经鼻染毒,共10d,隔天1次;染毒第2次之后进行水迷宫试验,定位航行试验7d,1d一个单元,同时在第7天进行空间探索试验;取血,进行生化指标检测;取脑置于100g/L甲醛溶液固定,常规脱水,石蜡包埋、切片,苏木素-伊红(HE)染色。剂量效应显示,不同浓度纳米氧化钕对小鼠经鼻滴注,高纳米组与低纳米组相比,目标象限游程占总游程百分比较高(P0.05),但在此尺寸条件下剂量效应不明显。尺寸效应显示,相同浓度纳米氧化钕对小鼠经鼻滴注,L-μm组海马颗粒细胞排列稀疏,细胞脱落;L-nm组海马齿状回颗粒细胞排列较整齐,可见部分细胞核固缩在此试验浓度条件下尺寸效应不明显。血液生物标志物检查试验显示,氧化钕经鼻滴注会对小鼠肝功能、肾功能产生一定的损伤。不同浓度纳米氧化钕经鼻滴注,对小鼠有轻微的刺激学习记忆的作用,但剂量效应不明显。低微米氧化钕对小鼠神经系统有轻微的损伤,但与低纳米氧化钕相比,差异不显著,表明尺寸效应不明显。     

淫羊藿对肾阳虚雄性大鼠肾脏BMP-7表达的影响

目的 观察淫羊藿对肾阳虚雄性SD大鼠肾脏骨形态发生蛋白-7(BMP-7)表达的影响.方法 3月龄雄性SD大鼠24只,随机分为正常组、肾阳虚模型组、淫羊藿组,灌胃给药90d后,RT-PCR检测肾脏BMP-7 mRNA表达,免疫组化检测肾脏BMP-7的表达.结果 正常组和淫羊藿组BMP-7mRNA和蛋白显著高于肾阳虚模型组(灰度比值:0.990±0.103和1.054:t:0.097vs0.619±0.106,P＜0.01;免疫组化:0、1、0、4和0、0、0、4vs1、2、2、0,P＜0.01).结论 淫羊藿可提高肾脏中BMP-7的表达而保护肾脏.     

超临界CO_2萃取大蒜素的研究

以大蒜汁为原料,研究影响超临界CO_2萃取技术提取大蒜素的因素,包括萃取压力、萃取温度、CO_2流量等。通过正交试验,确定超临界CO_2萃取大蒜素的工艺参数:萃取压力为15 MPa,萃取温度为30℃,CO_2流量为30 m~3/h,大蒜素萃取率达0.35%,其中大蒜素含量为46%。     

水轮机组振动故障诊断和试验研究

振动故障严重影响水轮机组的正常运行和发电效益,要清除振动故障,必须认清振动的原因,找准振源。从机械、水力、电气等三个方面分析了引起水轮机组振动的主要原因及特征。介绍了转速、励磁和负荷试验在水轮机振动故障诊断中的应用,通过分析某电站现场振动试验中各部位振动及水压脉动的幅值随机组运行工况变化的规律,找出了引起该机组振动的原因和处理方法,具体说明了试验法在水轮机组振动故障诊断和处理中的应用。     

河南省秸秆露天焚烧大气污染物排放量的估算与分析

为了解河南省秸秆露天焚烧大气污染物排放情况,根据2014年河南省的主要农作物产量、草谷比、焚烧比例和排放因子,采用排放因子法估算河南省秸秆焚烧大气污染物的排放量,建立河南省秸秆露天焚烧的污染物排放清单,并分析了大气污染物排放量的时空分布。结果表明:2014年河南省秸秆露天焚烧共排放:CO_21 210.45万t、CO 51.74万t、CH_43.27万t、NMVOCs 7.19万t、NH_30.59万t、BC 0.42万t、OC 2.47万t、SO_20.55万t、NO_X3.13万t、PM_(2.5)7.48万t。小麦和玉米是河南省露天焚烧排放大气污染物主要贡献源,其贡献率分别为38%~67%和17%~36%。大气污染物排放的高值区主要集中在驻马店、周口、南阳和商丘四个地市。大气污染物排放的高峰期集中在6月和10月,这两个月的各类污染物排放量对全年总排放量的分担率分别为37.1%~65.7%和11.3%~37%。     

水稻细胞质雄性不育恢复系ZSP-1恢复基因的初步定位

调查了用细胞质雄性不育新恢复系ZSP－1配制的杂交组合珍汕97A／ZSP－1和星A－ZSP－1的F1的结实率及F2个体花粉育性，发现恢复系ZSP－1的恢复性是由2对独立遗传基因控制。在此基础上，选用了与野败型雄性不育恢复基因Rf-3和Rf-4紧密连锁的RFLP标记对2个F2群体进行连锁分析，发现ZSP－1具有的2个恢复基因与这些标记紧密连锁，初步把ZSP－1的恢复基因定位于Rf-3和Rf-4区域。     

Pseudaboydins A and B: Novel Isobenzofuranone Derivatives from Marine Fungus Pseudallescheria boydii Associated with Starfish Acanthaster planci

Two novel isobenzofuranone derivatives, pseudaboydins A (1) and B (2), along with five known compounds, including (R)-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxybenzofuran (3), (R)-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-5-methoxybenzofuran (4), 3,3′-dihydroxy-5,5′-dimethyldiphenyl ether (5), 3-(3-methoxy-5-methylphenoxy)-5-methylphenol (6) and (−)-regiolone (7), were isolated from the culture broth of the marine fungus, Pseudallescheria boydii, associated with the starfish, Acanthaster planci. Their structures were elucidated primarily based on NMR and MS data. The absolute configurations of 1–4 were determined by CD spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The cytotoxic and antibacterial activities of 1–4 were evaluated. Pseudaboydin A (1) showed moderate cytotoxic activity against human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line HONE1, human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line SUNE1 and human glandular lung cancer cell line GLC82 with IC₅₀ values of 37.1, 46.5 and 87.2 μM, respectively.     

Ovariectomy as treatment for ovarian bacterial granulomas in a Duvaucel's gecko (Hoplodactylus duvaucelii)

CASE HISTORY: An adult female Duvaucel's gecko (Hoplodactylus duvaucelii) from a threatened species breeding programme presented due to a prolonged gestation period and distended abdomen.

CLINICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS: The gecko was in lean body condition with an irregularly shaped, firm mass in the coelomic cavity. Radiographically there was a diffuse radio-opacity within the coelomic cavity with cranial displacement of the right lung field. Ultrasonography revealed a round homogenous abdominal mass of medium echogenicity with an echogenic capsule. Haematology showed a leucocytosis with a moderate left shift in heterophils and toxic changes. Bilateral ovariectomy was performed to remove two ovarian granulomas and Salmonella enterica subspecies houtenae (IV) was cultured from the ovarian tissue. The gecko recovered well from the surgery, regained weight and remained in good health 3 years following the surgery.

DIAGNOSIS: Pre-ovulatory stasis and ovarian granulomas associated with infection with Salmonella enterica subsp. houtenae.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The surgery described in this case resulted in recovery of the gecko, which despite its loss of reproductive capability is of value as an education animal. This is the first report of pre-ovulatory stasis and ovarian granulomas associated with infection with Salmonella enterica in a Duvaucel's gecko and is also the first reported case of pre-ovulatory stasis in a viviparous lizard species. The case adds to knowledge regarding potential reproductive pathology in lizards, which is particularly important information for managers of captive lizard breeding programmes.     

Production and Identification of Clone Sheep Using Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Donor Cell

In order to obtain the cloned sheep using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells（BMSCs）as the donor cells,the BMSCs of sheep were chosen and reconstructed embryos were built to transfer.10 published microsatellite markers were chosen,and the DNA samples from clone sheep,donor cells and surrogate ewes were amplified,and the relationship of father-son（RCP）was analyzed using the Quantity One for genotyping.The results showed that the reconstructed embryos were successfully built for electric fusion using sheep BMSCs as nuclear donor,and making nuclear transplantation into enucleated mature oocytes of which the fusion rate was 80.62%.20 surrogate ewe were chosen to be implanted with the reconstructed embryos at morula stage by implant surgery,and 5 lambs were born and only 3 were survived.The genotype of cloned sheep was in line with the dornor cell and the RCP were more than 99.999%.In conclusion,the first clone sheep were obtained successfully by using BMSCs as a nuclear donor in this experiment.