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101.
Raghavan M Glickman NW Glickman LT 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2006,42(1):28-36
Using dry dog food label information, the hypothesis was tested that the risk of gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV) increases with an increasing number of soy and cereal ingredients and a decreasing number of animal-protein ingredients among the first four ingredients. A nested case-control study was conducted with 85 GDV cases and 194 controls consuming a single brand and variety of dry food. Neither an increasing number of animal-protein ingredients (P=0.79) nor an increasing number of soy and cereal ingredients (P=0.83) among the first four ingredients significantly influenced GDV risk. An unexpected finding was that dry foods containing an oil or fat ingredient (e.g., sunflower oil, animal fat) among the first four ingredients were associated with a significant (P=0.01), 2.4-fold increased risk of GDV. These findings suggest that the feeding of dry dog foods that list oils or fats among the first four label ingredients predispose a high-risk dog to GDV. 相似文献
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Searching the world wide Web 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
The coverage and recency of the major World Wide Web search engines was analyzed, yielding some surprising results. The coverage of any one engine is significantly limited: No single engine indexes more than about one-third of the "indexable Web," the coverage of the six engines investigated varies by an order of magnitude, and combining the results of the six engines yields about 3.5 times as many documents on average as compared with the results from only one engine. Analysis of the overlap between pairs of engines gives an estimated lower bound on the size of the indexable Web of 320 million pages. 相似文献
106.
A mail survey was conducted to gain understanding of the agroforestry practices of non-industrial private forest landowners (NIPF) in Washington State, located in the north-western USA. Although NIPF owners control 1.5 million hectares of the state's commercial forestland base, their diversity of forestland uses, land management practices and objectives as land managers are not well understood. Past NIPF surveys and anecdotal information suggest agroforestry is a major use of NIPF lands. We defined agroforestry as a potentially sustainable land use practice combining the deliberate growing of woody perennials with agricultural crops and/or animals. Objectives of this study were to:
- determine the extent that agroforestry is used by Washington's NIPF owners,
- develop insight into NIPF owners' motivations for practicing agroforestry,
- describe the agroforestry practices within three distinct physiographic and agroecological zones in Washington, and
- determine the agroforestry information needs of NIPF owners.
107.
Green CE Hibbert SL Bailey-Shaw YA Williams LA Mitchell S Garraway E 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(10):3664-3670
Aromatic diarylheptanoid compounds from Curcuma longa Linn grown in Jamaica were quantified by UV-vis spectrophotometry and high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analyses. The oleoresin yields from ethanolic extracts were quantified and evaluated with regard to the effects of the type of postharvesting process and the type of extraction method conducted on the plant material. Fresh samples that were hot solvent extracted provided the highest oleoresin yields of 15.7% +/- 0.4 ( n = 3), and the lowest oleoresin yields of 7.8% +/- 0.2 ( n = 3) were from the dried milled samples that were cold solvent extracted. Data from the ASTA spectrophotometer assay confirmed that dried samples contained the highest curcuminoid content of 55.5% +/- 2.2 ( n = 6) at the fifth month of storage, and the fresh samples showed a curcuminoid content of 47.1% +/- 6.4 ( n = 6) at the third month of storage. A modified HPLC analysis was used to quantify curcumin content. Data from the HPLC analysis confirmed that the dried treated, hot extracted, room temperature stored samples had the highest curcumin content of 24.3%. A novel high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) method provided a chemical fingerprint of the C. longa with the use of a commercial curcumin standard. 相似文献
108.
Hui Gong Addison L. Lawrence Dong-Huo Jiang Delbert M. Gatlin III 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2003,34(3):289-299
An 8-wk feeding trial was conducted with a 3 ± 4 factorial design for evaluating the nutritional relationship between phospholipids (lecithin at 0, 1.5% or 3% of diet) and choline chloride (0, 1,000, 2,000, or 4,000 mg/kg diet) in juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei . In addition, diets with five graded levels of choline chloride (0, 500, 1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 mg/kg) without supplemental phospholipids or cholesterol were fed for determining the dietary choline requirement. Overall survival was 99% with no difference among the dietary treatments. The choline requirement was estimated to be 871 mg/kg diet without dietary phospholipids. No choline requirement was evident when lecithin was provided at 1.5% and 3% of diet. Shrimp growth significantly increased with incremental dietary phospholipids regardless of choline chloride level. These results indicate that lecithin could effectively provide choline. Conversely, synthesis of phospholipids from choline could not meet the phospholipids requirement of shrimp. Both dietary lecithin and choline chloride supplementation reduced lipid in shrimp muscle. However, only lecithin supplementation increased lipid in hepatopancreas, and dietary choline chloride decreased the level of other phospholipids (except phosphatidylcholine) in shrimp muscle. 相似文献
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S Herr J V Lawrence O L Brett L M Ribeiro 《The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research》1991,58(2):111-114
Brucella abortus and B. melitensis antigens were used in parallel on the National Standard Brucella abortus antiserum and on field sera coming from cattle where practically exclusively B. abortus biotypes 1 and 2 have been isolated over the last 11 years. With the National Standard serum the titres to B. melitensis were consistently lower than those to B. abortus antigen. Most were 1 dilution (twofold) lower. Although a similar trend was seen with the field sera, there were 7/346 sera which had twofold or higher titres to B. melitensis antigen. Although this may be due to the vagaries of the test it also warrants closer investigation of the animals concerned to see whether M-antigen predominant Brucella biotypes are possibly present. The use of the dual antigens could identify herds which are infected only with A-antigen predominant brucellae but would not be reliable for classifying individual animals. 相似文献