猪带绦虫六钩蚴TSOL18基因疫苗表达载体的构建及其免疫原性研究

为研制新型猪囊尾蚴疫苗,将猪带绦虫六钩蚴阶段编码 TSOL18 的基因定向克隆于真核表达质粒 pVAX1, 经筛选、鉴定及 DNA序列分析正确后,将重组质粒 pVAX1/TSOL18 转染 BHK-21 细胞,通过 SDS-PAGE、Western blotting、免疫荧光试验等方法检测细胞中表达的 TSOL18 抗原。结果表明,重组真核质粒 pVAX1/TSOL18 可在 BHK-21 细胞中表达TSOL18 目的蛋白,表达蛋白能被猪囊尾蚴病阳性血清所识别。动物免疫试验表明,真核表达载体能有效地诱导机体产生细胞免疫和体液免疫应答,这为猪囊尾蚴病基因疫苗的研究奠定了良好基础。     

云南蒙自持续干旱对西方蜜蜂蜂王交尾成功率的影响

2010年4月21日～7月19日在蒙自县城周围和草坝镇的西方蜜蜂蜂场进行了西方蜜蜂交尾成功率试验。结果表明,蒙自县城周围蜂场的西方蜜蜂交尾成功率为75%,草坝镇蜂场的西方蜜蜂蜂王交尾成功率平均为19.98%。因此认为持续干旱对西方蜜蜂养殖影响很大。     

生产蜂场优质蜂种的选育

蜂种的优劣直接影响养蜂经济效益的高低.蜂群的生产性能是通过蜂王和工蜂来共同体现的.蜂王的优良种性,能够通过繁殖直接在后代工蜂上得到体现,从而在整体上提高蜂群的繁殖能力、生产性能和抗病、抗螨能力,还能提高蜂产品质量,如蜂蜜成熟速度的加快、王浆中10-HDA含量的增加等.大量研究和生产实践表明,在饲养管理和蜜粉源条件相同的情况下,选择优良蜂种并培育优质蜂王用于生产,可以获得更大的收益.     

天山北坡某集约化牛场生鲜乳质量安全分析

本文采用国标方法、体细胞检测仪和乳品成分分析仪检测分析了天山北坡某牛场生鲜乳体细胞数、细菌总数、乳成分、密度、冰点、杂质度及有害物质和抗生素等。结果体细胞数为78.06万/m L,细菌总数为23.20万CFU/m L,脂肪为4.48g/100g,非脂乳固体为7.69g/100g,蛋白质为2.87 g/100g,矿物质为0.72g/100g,密度为1.026g/m L,冰点为-0.48℃,杂质度为2.5mg/L。有害物质和抗生素均未检出或远低于限量标准。可以得出:该集约化牛场生鲜乳体细胞数偏高,非脂乳固体和密度未达到国家标准要求。     

动物科学专业实践教学环节教学效果的调查分析与改革思路

动物科学专业是我国高等农业院校均开设的一门传统专业课。动物科学专业所具有的实践性及应用性等学科特点,决定了实践教学环节在分析探讨其整个教学系统中占有非常重要的地位。对动物科学专业实践教学环节的教学效果进行了问卷调查,分析并探讨了其改革思路。结果表明,学生对该专业的实践教学环节总体上是满意的,但在专业技术综合训练及科研训练等方面,尚需在以后的教学方案改革中进一步完善。     

氯甲基蛋氨酸对冷冻-束缚应激大鼠消化器官组织学结构的影响

为探讨氯甲基蛋氨酸对应激性胃溃疡的预防效果,制备了大鼠急性冷冻-束缚应激模型,通过观察冷冻-束缚应激所致大鼠消化系统器官的损伤性变化及氯甲基蛋氨酸对应激状态下大鼠消化器官组织结构的影响,判定氯甲基蛋氨酸对应激性胃溃疡的作用。结果表明,氯甲基蛋氨酸对大鼠冷冻-束缚应激性胃溃疡的消化系统器官具有明显的保护作用。     

ZD制剂对马肢蹄软组织损伤部位肌组织形态及VEGF和bFGF表达的影响

ZD制剂为治疗马非开放性软组织损伤的经典验方,为探索其作用机制,通过建立马前肢急性软组织损伤模型,对其进行组织形态学观察,评价ZD制剂对马急性软组织损伤的作用效果,采用免疫组织化学方法检测ZD制剂对VEGF、bFGF在肌肉中表达的影响。用20匹蒙古马随机分为4组,选取左前肢肩部臂部肌肉,制造急性软组织损伤模型。于造模前、后用取样器进行组织取样,制作成石蜡切片,观察其形态学变化,用免疫组织化学方法对阳性细胞分析VEGF、bFGF的表达。结果表明,试验药物组在损伤后的修复能力优于阳性药物组和阴性对照组。表明ZD制剂可通过促进成纤维细胞、毛细血管新生和肌细胞的生成来进行组织的修复再生,试验药物组在损伤后VEGF、bFGF的表达优于阴性对照组和阳性药物组,ZD制剂可能通过提高VEGF、bFGF的表达进行损伤的修复。     

绵羊PRLR基因内含子9和外显子10多态性与产羔数的关系研究

本研究采用PCR-SSCP技术对绵羊催乳素受体(PRLR)基因内含子9和外显子10部分核苷酸多态性及其与小尾寒羊、中国美利奴(新疆型)绵羊多胎品系、肉用品系、体大品系、萨福克、无角陶赛特、中国美利奴(新疆型)和德国肉用美利奴产羔数间的关系进行了分析。结果发现:①在绵羊PRLR基因内含子9的第259 bp处,存在C→T转换,BB基因型的小尾寒羊平均产羔数分别较AA和AB基因型提高0.81和0.87只(P0.05);②在绵羊PRLR基因外显子10的第304 bp处存在一个G→A转换,该突变导致PRLR基因第387位氨基酸残基由Glu突变为Lys,并使中国美利奴(新疆型)多胎品系中AB基因型的平均产羔数较AA和BB基因型增加0.58和0.80只(P0.05);③在绵羊PRLR基因外显子10第571、585和606bp处分别存在G→A、C→G和C→T突变;其中前2处突变分别导致PRLR基因的第476位氨基酸由Ala突变为Thr,第480位氨基酸由Ser突变为Arg。其中第571 bp处突变导致小尾寒羊AB基因型的平均窝产羔数显著高于AA基因型的窝产羔数,增加0.8只(P0.05)。以上结果提示,PRLR基因可能是控制小尾寒羊和中国美利奴(新疆型)绵羊多胎品系产羔数的主效基因或与之存在紧密的遗传连锁。     

Study on Nutritional Characteristics of Cottonseed Hull as a Feed of Sheep

In this paper through digestive and metabolic experiments studied the voluntary intake and apparent digestibility of cottonseed hulls (kernel-contained CH,kernel-free CH) and cornstalk on sheep to evaluate the nutrition value and digestion characteristics of cottonseed hulls.12 of adult Xinjiang merino rams were selected and divided into two groups (n=6 each group),and on the basis of 300 g/(head·day) of mixed concentrate,fed with kernel-free CH by 400 (group 1) or 800 (group 2) g/(head·day) respectively,to estimate the digestibility of CH by difference method;As well,another 18 of adult Xinjiang merino rams were selected and divided into three groups (n=6 each group),and on the basis of 300 g/(head·day) of mixed concentrate,cafeteria feeding with kernel-contained CH (group 3),kernel-free CH (group 4) or ground cornstalks (group 5) respectively,to study the effects of three diets on the voluntary intake,digestion and metabolism of sheep.The results showed that the apparent digestibility of the DM,OM,CP,cellulose,hemicellulose and energy of kernel-free CH by sheep were 46.71%,47.37%,-53.40%,66.60%,62.48% and 42.59%,respectively.There were no significant differences in the intake of DM,OM,cellulose,hemicellulose,energy and Ca between kernel-contained CH and kernel-free CH groups (P> 0.05);Intake of CP and P in kernel-contained CH group were extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-free CH group (P< 0.01);Intake of lignin in kernel-contained CH group was extremely significantly lower than that in kernel-free CH group (P< 0.01).There were no significant differences in the apparent digestibility of DM,OM and energy between kernel-contained CH and kernel-free CH groups (P> 0.05).The apparent digestibility of cellulose and hemicellulose in kernel-free CH group were significantly and extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-contained CH group (P< 0.05;P< 0.01),respectively.The apparent digestibility of CP in kernel-contained CH group was extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-free CH group (P< 0.01).The apparent digestibility of DM,OM,CP,cellulose and energy in ground cornstalks group were extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-contained CH and kernel-free CH groups (P< 0.01),however,the apparent digestibility of Ca and P were lower than that in kernel-contained CH and kernel-free CH groups (P> 0.05).Intake and retention of nitrogen in kernel-contained CH group were extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-free CH group (P< 0.01);The was no significant difference in the retention of nitrogen between kernel-free diet group and cornstalk diet group (P> 0.05).It was concluded that CH was a kind of special forage with larger intake,higher digestibility on the fiber substances and energy,but with a serious obstruction on protein digestion;The nutritional value between kernel-free diet and cornstalk diet was almost equal,and with lower nitrogen digestibility on kernel-free diet.