紫甘蓝和普通甘蓝光合特性的比较

 以'早红'、'红日' 紫甘蓝为试材,分别用Unispec型光谱仪和Ciras-2型光合作用测定系统研究紫甘蓝色素含量及光合特性,并与普通甘蓝'中甘11'作比较。结果表明,两个紫甘蓝品种的色素含量和净光合速率（Pn）差异不大。与普通甘蓝相比,紫甘蓝叶绿素含量较高,且含有较大比例的花青素,Pn明显降低。紫甘蓝生长过程中以结球初期Pn最高,后期Pn降低幅度明显小于普通甘蓝,结球中期叶绿素含量最高,花青素含量随着生育期进展而逐渐升高。紫甘蓝Pn日变化呈单峰曲线型,峰值出现在10:00－11:00,其光补偿点为68.5 μmo1·m^-2·s^-1,饱和点为1,077.5 μmo1·m^-2·s^-1,CO2补偿点为70.4 μmo1·mol^-1,饱和点为1,140 μmo1·mol^-1,均略高于普通甘蓝。20 ℃条件下,紫甘蓝的Pn最高,其低温补偿点和高温补偿点分别为－4.4 ℃和51.3 ℃,均低于普通甘蓝。     

豆芽烂芽的病原菌分离鉴定及致病性研究

对规模化生产中的绿豆芽烂芽取样,进行致病菌的分离、纯化及鉴定,确定病原菌为瓜果腐霉,观测了不同接种量的瓜果腐霉孢子悬浮液对绿豆芽的致病性。结果表明,不同接种量处理,其发病时间、发病率、豆芽生物产量均存在差异。接种浓度为10^3个／mL和104个／mL的抱子悬浮液处理后,豆芽烂芽严重,接种浓度10^3个／mL处理第3天出现烂芽,发病率为10％,第4,5天发病率分别为58％,92％;接种浓度10^4个／mL处理第2天开始出现烂芽,发病率为2％．第3,4,5天发病率分别为58％,100％,100％,发病情况日趋严重;发病芽体呈水浸状、浅褐色腐烂,有刺激性异味：严重影响其生物产量,生物产量与健康幼苗相比分别降低33．1％,33．3％。     

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Microsatellite DNA Markers in Swamp Buffalo

This study was aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of swamp buffalo breeds in China.The analysis of genetic diversity was performed in 40 buffalo individuals from 8 buffalo breeds（Dechang buffalo,Dehong buffalo,Wenzhou buffalo,Guizhou buffalo,Xilin buffalo,Fuzhong buffalo,Murrah buffalo and Nili-Ravi buffalo）by 30 microsatellite loci and LabChip chip test method.The results showed that 332 alleles at 30 microsatellite loci were found in 8 buffalo breeds,the average values of gene diversity and PIC were 0.7808 and 0.7554,respectively.Cluster analysis indicated that Dechang buffalo and Dehong buffalo firstly clustered together,followed by Fuzhong buffalo,Guizhou buffalo,Wenzhou buffalo and Xilin buffalo.Moreover,Murrah buffalo and Nili-Ravi buffalo clustered together.Our findings revealed that the 30 microsatellite loci could be used as an effective genetic marker for the analysis of genetic diversity among the buffalo breeds,which enriched the current SSR marker resources in buffalo.     

棉花雄性核不育系德A2的选育与初步应用研究

以川杂棉13号中的不育株和中棉所35杂交,获得了品质优异、配合力强的雄性不育系德A2.以德A2为母本,选用丰产性强的3个品系为恢复系配制杂交组合,在丰产性和纤维品质方面对杂交组合进行分析,结果表明该不育系配制的杂交组合德杂1和德杂2在纤维品质上均优于对照中棉所49,在产量上3个杂交组合都明显高于对照,说明该不育系在生产上具有较强的应用价值.     

无乳链球菌研究进展

VII型分泌系统存在于无乳链球菌 (Streptococcus agalactiae) 中,其组成膜蛋白对底物蛋白的分泌转运至关重要。为此利用热敏型自杀质粒,构建了含氯霉素筛选标签的膜蛋白重组敲除载体pSET4s-ΔessA、pSET4s-ΔessB、pSET4s-ΔessC,经同源重组后,利用PCR技术筛选到了其缺失突变株-无乳链球菌ΔessA、ΔessB、ΔessC。通过菌株生长曲线分析,ΔessA、ΔessB、ΔessC敲除株均较野生株 (WT) 生长过程变慢,其中ΔessA、ΔessB敲除株在生长早期有显著性差异 (P<0.01)。对ESAT6蛋白分泌影响分析显示,与WT株相比,ΔessA、ΔessB、ΔessC敲除株ESAT6的表达量均显著下调 (P<0.01)。结果显示,ΔessA、ΔessB、ΔessC敲除株均较WT株毒力显著降低 (P<0.01)。研究表明,essA、essB、essC为无乳链球菌VII型分泌系统重要的膜蛋白,其基因缺失造成了分泌蛋白ESAT6 mRNA表达水平下降,影响了菌株毒力。     

Research Progress on Influence Factors of Mutton Quality

Meat quality means the characteristics such as appearance is related to palatability in fresh meat or manufactured meat, it includes meat color, meat structure, hardness, marbling, water holding capacity and so on.The physical characteristics of mutton quality determines the consumer acceptability of meat and there is a close relationship between chemical composition of mutton quality and nutrient substance.With the improvement of living standards, consumers are increasingly high demand for mutton.From quantitative to qualitative change, we need to continuously improve mutton quality.At present, the production of high quality animal products has become a hot topic.This paper is a summary of the effects of breed, gender, age, environment and feed nutrition on mutton quality, and aims to provide a scientific basis for improving of mutton quality with nutritional regulation measures.     

关中地区温室越冬茬番茄黄化曲叶病毒病分子鉴定及流行规律

为了明确关中地区越冬茬番茄黄化曲叶病毒病发生和流行规律,通过分析该病发生与番茄品种、定植期及传播介体烟粉虱之间的关系,并采用PCR技术对田间病原进行分子鉴定。结果表明,番茄黄化曲叶病毒病在8月中下旬至11月上中旬开始侵染,翌年3月中下旬发生再侵染,秋季病情减轻;烟粉虱种群数量与病害发生程度呈线性正相关;不同番茄品种对番茄黄化曲叶病毒(Tomato yellow leaf curl virus,TYLCV)的抗性差异显著,其中大番茄品种布鲁尼1288和DRW7728,小番茄品种千禧和美红对该病表现为免疫;分子检测结果表明,4个样品中均扩增出543 bp的特异片段,与NCBI数据库Gen Bank的TYLCV序列(登录号为GU084381、KC138544.1、KC138543.1和JX456642.1)的相似性达99%。研究表明,关中地区番茄病毒病为番茄黄化曲叶病毒病,番茄品种、定植期及烟粉虱发生动态是影响该病发生的主要因素。     

盾叶薯蓣组培快繁技术研究

为了解决盾叶薯蓣人工栽培种源短缺的问题,进行了盾叶薯蓣芽的诱导培养、增殖继代培养和带愈伤组织幼苗的生根培养,旨在建立盾叶薯蓣组培快繁体系。研究结果表明,幼叶、茎段和根状茎中,带节茎段是盾叶薯蓣最适宜的组培外植体：以茎段作为外植体的最佳诱导培养基为MS＋6-BA2mg／1．＋NAA0．20mg／L;最佳增殖继代培养基为MS＋6-BA2mg/L＋NAA0．1mg／L;最适生根培养基为1／2MS＋NAA0．5mg／L。     

Effect of DADLE on lung injury in rats with acute global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion

AIM：To observe the effects of δ opioid receptor agonist DADLE on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by acute global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats. METHODS：SD rats (n=30) were randomly divided into sham group, model (I/R) group and DADLE treatment group. Global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was established by a modified 2-vessel occlusion plus hypotension. DADLE (5 mg/kg) treatment was performed via the left jugular injection before reperfusion. After 120-min reperfusion, the pathological changes of the lung tissues were observed under light microscope and electronic microscope. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) level were detected. The partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) was also measured. RESULTS：In I/R group, widened alveolar septum, capillary dilatation and congestion, endovascular and perivascular cells in the lung with neutrophil infiltration, and significantly reduced type II epithelial cell surface microvilli, alveolar lumen cavity and trachea with serous exudate were observed. SOD activity decreased, but the MDA level increased. Compared with I/R group, the SOD activity increased and MDA level decreased in DADLE treatment group, with significantly reduced lung congestion, the degree of lung injury, and the infiltration of neutrophils. Compared with I/R group, the PaO2 and oxygenation index in DADLE treatment group were increased. CONCLUSION：Various degrees of pulmonary injury were observed in acute global cerebral ischemia reperfusion model. DADLE might have a protective effect on lung tissues of ALI in rats.