噁喹酸和氟甲喹在鳗鱼体内的药代动力学研究

研究了单次血管注射喹酸(Oxolinicacid)和氟甲喹(Flumequine)后,在鳗鱼(Muraenesoxcinereus)体内的代谢规律及残留情况。采用高效液相色谱-质谱联用(HPLC-MS)法进行喹酸和氟甲喹的检测,检测低限(LOD)1ng/ml;定量限(LOQ)5ng/ml。喹酸和氟甲喹的代谢过程均可以用一级代谢二室模型来描述,喹酸的分布半衰期:0·18h,消除半衰期:14·84h,总体清除率0·07L/kg·h;氟甲喹的分布半衰期:0·19h,消除半衰期:9·38h,总体清除率0·07L/kg·h。两种药物在鳗鱼体内都有很强的“首过效应”,易在胆汁中积累;给药72h后,喹酸和氟甲喹在可食用组织肌肉中的残留量分别为36·1ng/g和21·8ng/g,低于目前国外要求的最高残留量50ng/g和75ng/g。     

Effect of DADLE on lung injury in rats with acute global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion

AIM：To observe the effects of δ opioid receptor agonist DADLE on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by acute global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats. METHODS：SD rats (n=30) were randomly divided into sham group, model (I/R) group and DADLE treatment group. Global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was established by a modified 2-vessel occlusion plus hypotension. DADLE (5 mg/kg) treatment was performed via the left jugular injection before reperfusion. After 120-min reperfusion, the pathological changes of the lung tissues were observed under light microscope and electronic microscope. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) level were detected. The partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) was also measured. RESULTS：In I/R group, widened alveolar septum, capillary dilatation and congestion, endovascular and perivascular cells in the lung with neutrophil infiltration, and significantly reduced type II epithelial cell surface microvilli, alveolar lumen cavity and trachea with serous exudate were observed. SOD activity decreased, but the MDA level increased. Compared with I/R group, the SOD activity increased and MDA level decreased in DADLE treatment group, with significantly reduced lung congestion, the degree of lung injury, and the infiltration of neutrophils. Compared with I/R group, the PaO2 and oxygenation index in DADLE treatment group were increased. CONCLUSION：Various degrees of pulmonary injury were observed in acute global cerebral ischemia reperfusion model. DADLE might have a protective effect on lung tissues of ALI in rats.     

Silencing of TKTL1 gene by siRNA down-regulates HIF-1α expression and activity of glycolytic key enzymes in human cervical cancer cells

AIM：To explore the relationship between the expression of transketolase-like gene 1 (TKTL1) and glycolysis metabolism in human cervical cells. METHODS：The changes of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) expression and the activity of glycolytic key enzymes, hexokinase Ⅱ (HK-Ⅱ) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), under hypoxia in human cervical cell line HeLa were observed after TKTL1 was knockdown by siRNA. The specific siRNA expression vector targeting TKTL1 gene was constructed, and the recombinant plasmid was transfected into HeLa cells. The effects of TKTL1 silencing were evaluated by detecting transketolase (TKT) activity and TKTL1 mRNA expression using RT-PCR. The changes of HIF-1α expression and HK-Ⅱ expression, and HK-Ⅱ and LDH activity were also observed in transfected HeLa cells. RESULTS：The mRNA expression of TKTL1 and the activity of TKT decreased significantly (P<0.01) after TKTL1 silencing. Meanwhile, all HIF-1α expression, HK-Ⅱexpression, and HK-Ⅱ and LDH activity decreased significantly compared with the untransfected cells (P<0.01). CONCLUSION：Silencing of TKTL1 gene in human cervical cancer cells by siRNA down-regulates HIF-1α expression and the activity of glycolytic key enzymes, thus changing the malignant phenotype of carcinoma cells.     

基于叶绿体DNA PCR-RFLP分析柿及其近缘种亲缘关系

 应用5对叶绿体DNA（cpDNA）特异引物对柿及其近缘的8个种共32个基因型的cpDNA进行PCR扩增。采用7种限制性内切酶对其扩增产物酶切位点变异分析表明,在供试柿属植物中存在丰富的种间多态性,但供试22个柿种内基因型未检测到变异位点。应用NTSYS中UPGMA法聚类和主坐标分析表明：柿与金枣柿最近缘,其次分别是油柿、云南野毛柿、浙江柿和君迁子,而与美洲柿和乌柿相距较远。野柿（浙江）为柿的变种,聚类结果也表明野柿（浙江）与柿有一定差异。     

Expression of stem cell factor in mast cells isolated from patients with chronic periapical diseases

AIM:To investigate the expression of stem cell factor (SCF) in tryptase -positive mast cells (MCs) in different types of human periapical diseases for determining the role of SCF and MCs in the pathogenesis of periapical diseases. METHODS:A total 50 cases of specimens were involved in this study, including healthy control (n=20), periapical cyst (n=15) and periapical granuloma (n=15). The tissue material was fixed in 10% formalin for at least 48 h, stained with hematoxylin and eosin for the observation of histopathology, stained with immunohistochemistry for identifying MCs and MCs degranulation, and stained with double immunofluorescence for identification of tryptase-SCF double positive MCs. RESULTS:Compared with healthy control, significantly higher densities of both total and degranulated MCs in human periapical lesions were observed. The densities of both total and degranulated MCs in the periapical cyst were significantly higher than that in the periapical granuloma. The density of tryptase-SCF double positive MCs in the periapical lesions was significantly higher than that in the healthy controls. The density oftryptase-SCF double positive MCs in the periapical cyst was significantly higher than that in periapical granuloma. No significant difference in the density of MCs between immunohistochemistry staining and double immunofluorescence staining was observed. CONCLUSION: The tryptase-SCF double positive MCs play an active role in the pathogenesis of the periapical inflammatory lesions, particularly in the formation of fibrous tissue in periapical cyst. The potential role of the tryptase-SCF double positive MCs relates with the initiation, development, and persistence of the periapical inflammatory process.     

L-Carnitine inhibits H2O2-mediated NFATc3 nuclear translocation

AIM:To explore the effect of L-carnitine on nuclear factor of activated T-cells,cytoplasmic 3 (NFATc3) in cardiomyocytes under H2O2 stimulation. METHODS:Primary cultured neonatal rat myocardial cells were stimulated by H2O2 at concentration of 200 μmol/L for 12 h to induce oxidative stress injury. In treatment group, L-carnitine and cyclosporin A (CsA), a specific inhibitor of calcineurin (CaN), were administered 30 min prior to H2O2 stimulation. After treatment, total, cytoplasmic and nuclear NFATc3 protein levels were determined by Western blotting. The method of immunofluoresence was used to evaluate the distribution of NFATc3. RESULTS:H2O2 treatment produced no effect on the expression of total NFATc3, but caused its translocation from the cytosolic to nuclear compartment, which was greatly blunted by L-carnitine pretreatment. CONCLUSION: L-carnitine antagonized oxidative stress injury via alleviating NFATc3 nuclear translocation.     

日光温室黄瓜优化肥灌高效管理技术

以日光温室早春茬和秋冬茬黄瓜为例,采用优化肥灌技术,与传统间隔施肥方式相
比,不仅减少施肥量,改善黄瓜品质,且黄瓜的经济产量和水分利用效率均分别提高了
6.1% 和8.4%,氮肥偏生产力分别提高了103% 和233%。     

不同贮藏时间及花瓣张开角度对番茄花粉活力的影响

为了研究不同贮藏时间及花瓣张开角度对花粉活力的影响,采用I2-KI染色法和蔗糖培养基培养法对花瓣张开角度为A(0°~45°)、B(45°~90°)和C(90°~180°)的番茄花粉活力及花粉管长度进行测定。试验结果表明,不同贮藏时间及花瓣张开不同角度间的花粉活力存在显著差异。花瓣张开角度A的花粉活力随着贮藏时间增加呈先升高后降低的趋势,以室温贮藏3 d的花粉染色率最高。花瓣张开角度B和C则以采摘当天活力最强,5 d后所有花粉活力均低于5%,基本丧失萌发能力。新采摘的有活力花粉散落于蔗糖15 g/L+H3BO30.03 g/L+CaCl20.02 g/L+琼脂6 g/L的培养基表面,1~2 min即开始萌动,20 min时,花粉管长度已达到花粉粒直径的2.75倍,60 min时达到7.5倍。花粉管在培养基上相互接触会出现相互作用,抑制部分花粉管生长。     

河池蔗区主要病虫害田间调查及防治建议

于2011和2012年对河池蔗区进行病虫害调查发现,为害河池甘蔗生产的主要病害为黑穗病、梢腐病、煤烟病,主要虫害为甘蔗螟虫、绵蚜、蓟马等.指出当前蔗区病虫害防治存在防治适期掌握不对、防治时期不统一、盲目使用和滥用农药、防治意识不强、缺乏科学指导等主要问题,并提出做好病虫害监测、做到统防统治、给予科学的技术指导、增强蔗农防治意识和改善品种单一化的种植局面等建议.     

干旱区甜叶菊套种鲜食玉米的栽培技术

总结了张掖市临泽县平川乡甜叶菊套种玉米的栽培技术措施,此种植模式经济效益可观,为甜叶菊产业化发展增添了新思路.