基于流场数值模拟的高速磁力泵汽蚀性能研

为了改善高速磁力泵的抗汽蚀性能,在泵吸入口处设置导流栅.建立了吸入口设置导流栅和未设置导流栅的两种模型,采用Fluent软件对高速磁力泵内流场进行数值模拟,给出了各自内部压力分布以及粒子流动迹线图.通过两组数据的比较,得到了内部流场的主要特征,模拟表明高速磁力泵吸入口设置轴向可变位导流栅可以有效提高抗汽蚀性能.数值模拟与高速磁力泵真机的试验对比表明,两者几乎一致,为高速磁力泵的改进设计提供了一定的理论依据.     

土地资源评价的研究进展

着重阐述土地资源评价的国内外研究现状及进展，并提出今后发展的若干建议：(1)建立统一的标准及规范，达到信息共享与交流。(2)在土地动态评价方面，要以主题数据库和地理信息为核心，运用多集成技术为数据的动态更新、决策支持提供更合理的判断，实现土地资源的动态评价。(3)在数据组织方面，应运用面向对象技术，开发面向对象数据库和面向对象数据模型，以满足数据的开放性和互操作性便于数据共享和并行处理。     

大豆花粉管通道技术转化雪花莲凝集素(GNA)基因

采用花粉管通道技术,用雪花莲凝集素基因（Galanthus nivalis agglutinin,GNA）转化吉林省主推品种吉林20号、吉林30号、吉林45号品种大豆。通过接蚜鉴定和PCR鉴定,从所获得的种子苗中筛选出转基因植株。对转基因植株的后代进行分子生物学鉴定：（1）PCR分析,转基因植株97TGR1和97TGR2的T2代表现阳性,第5代表现阳性纯合;97TGR1、97TGR2和98FD1～98FD20的T3代Western blotting检测结果证明,GNA基因在蛋白质水平有表达,最高表达量占总可溶性蛋白的0．7％;97TGR1、98TGR2和99JI45 TGR2的Southern blotting检测结果显示,GNA基因已插入大豆基因组;（2）遗传学分析,97TRG1的T2代呈孟德尔3：1分离,97TGR2的T3代出现种皮颜色不规则分离。经过抗蚜性鉴定和连续的筛选,获得抗性纯系;（3）抗蚜性鉴定,转基因株的T1、T2世代转基因植株可抑制蚜虫繁殖量50％～90％;（4）品系鉴定,转基因大豆的抗蚜性达到农学标准抗（R）和高抗（HR）水平;大面积环境释放试验自然感蚜鉴定,转基因系蚜虫发生的高峰比对照延迟,高峰期过后群体蚜量的下降速度也比对照快。本研究认为,大豆花粉管通道技术可以利用于大豆的转基因研究和应用中,GNA基因在改良大豆的抗蚜性上是可取的。     

出生至断奶仔猪胃肠道组织中FcRn的表达规律初探

【研究目的】旨在研究FcRa在仔猪胃肠道的表达分布及不同日龄间的表达变化。【方法】以大白争长白二元杂交仔猪作为研究对象,分布采集从出生至断奶后共12个日龄仔猪胃肠道组织。应用RT-PCR方法检测FcRa mRNA表达并进行表达量的相对分析。【结果】①FcRa在仔猪胃肠道各段组织中均有表达,其中在十二指肠后段和空肠前段表达量最高,在结肠和胃内表达最低。②在十二指肠争空肠段,仔猪从一出生就有较高水平的FcRa转录,吮乳后至出生后1d达到峰值,随后略有下降但前4d差异不显著（P〉0．05）;自7d起FcRamRNA转录水平明显降低（P〈0．05）,至断奶时降到最低。③在回肠段,FcRa表达水平较十二指肠和空肠段低,从出生至断奶前（21d）表达量变化不明显。断奶后有显著下降（P〈0．05）。④胃与结肠部位FcRa的表达比较稳定,一直保持在较低水平。【结论】仔猪不同组织中FcRa在十二指肠后段和空肠前段的表达水平最高,提示仔猪十二指肠、空肠是FcRa转运初乳中IgG的主要部位。仔猪肠道FcRa的表达量变化与初乳及乳汁中IgG含量的变化规律基本一致,证明了FcRa在肠道转运IgG中发挥重要作用。     

Einfluss selektiver mechanischer Fruchtbehangsregulierung auf Ethylensynthese als Stressindikator sowie Ertrag und Fruchtqualität bei Kernobst

The overall objective of this work was to improve fruit quality, break alternate bearing and reduce hand thinning using fewer chemicals in fruit crops. A device was constructed for mechanical thinning, which consisted of three independent horizontal rotors with ropes and freely adjustable angles on a frame, mounted on a front three point hitch and powered by the tractor hydraulics. This can be adapted to any fruit tree trained as spindle, Solaxe, (tall) vertical axis or fruit wall (le mur fruitier) irrespective of rootstock employed. Rotor speed varied from 300 to 460?rpm at either 5 or 7.5?km/h tractor speed. Eight-year-old or twelve-old apple trees cvs. ‘Gala’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ were mechanically thinned in 2007 between pink bud and full bloom (flower bud stages 6–8 or F1–F2) near Bonn, Germany; non-thinned and hand-thinned apple trees of the same block and variety served as control. Mechanically thinned flowering branches showed a similar amount of ethylene efflux (0.4–0.6?ppm C₂H₄/branch) as non-thinned flower branches, preventing potentially unexpected subsequent fruit drop, except for those removed by the rotors. The impact of the horizontal rotors on the branches was from the upper side and removed excessive flowers right to the tree trunk viz. the centre of the tree canopy, where fruits of lesser quality are expected leaving 2–3 flowers per cluster. Leaf damage was less than??10%, even at the fast rotor speed of 420?rpm, which was associated with negligible wood injury. Mechanical thinning induced firmer and sweeter fruit, i.e. tastier apples with longer shelf life, relative to control fruit from non-thinned apple trees. The greatest efficacy in terms of final fruit quality in the grading/sorting was achieved by a rotor speed of 360?rpm at a tractor speed of 5?km/h: Fruit mass increased by up to 20?g and the proportion of fruit larger than 70–75?mm by 10–30% compared with the fruit from non-thinned trees. Mechanical thinning with this newly constructed device led to a 10–20% reduction in yield, but increased returns due to better fruit size and colouration in apple with the potential to overcome alternate bearing.     

制动器耗散功率原理在ABS标定匹配中的应用

为解决ABS逻辑门限值方法匹配成本高、周期长的问题,将制动器耗散功率原理应用于匹配中.结合逻辑门限值与制动器耗散功率的各自优点,将制动器耗散功率原理能自适应识别各种路面状况的特点应用于匹配中;根据制动器耗散功率极大值对应的滑移率略小于临界滑移率且相差不大的原理,采用制动器耗散功率极大值对应的滑移率代替峰值附着系数对应的滑移率对ABS进行控制;滑移率与制动器耗散功率曲线获得较为简单,因此可以大大提高匹配效率.经过实车匹配验证,本方法提高了匹配效率和控制质量,节约了匹配成本.     

Application of the rpoS gene for the detection of Vibrio anguillarum in flounder and prawn by polymerase chain reaction

Vibrio anguillarum , an opportunistic fish pathogen, is the main species responsible for vibriosis, a disease that affects feral and farmed fish and shellfish, and causes considerable economic losses in marine aquaculture. In this study, we used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect V. anguillarum . PCR specificity was evaluated by amplifying the rpoS gene, a general stress regulator, in six strains of V. anguillarum and 36 other bacterial species. PCR amplified a species-specific fragment (689 bp) from V. anguillarum . Furthermore, the PCR assay was sensitive enough to detect rpoS expression from 3 pg of genomic DNA , or from six colony-forming units (CFU) mL⁻¹ of cultured V. anguillarum . However, the assay was less sensitive when genomic DNA from the infected flounder and prawn was used (limit of detection, 50 ng and 10 ng g⁻¹ tissue, respectively). These data demonstrate that PCR amplification of the rpoS gene is a sensitive and species-specific method to detect V. anguillarum in practical situations.     

比格犬胫神经皮层体感诱发电位正常值研究

为了测定比格犬胫神经皮层体感诱发电位(somatosensory evoked potential,SEP)的波形及其潜伏期和波幅的正常值。选用15只健康比格犬,在异氟烷吸入麻醉状态下,使用肌电诱发电位仪电刺激其胫神经,将自制参考电极和记录电极分别放置于头部Fz处和Cz处记录SEP波形。结果表明:15只比格犬刺激左右侧胫神经均可记录到清晰的双向SEP波。刺激左侧胫神经引发的波形潜伏期为P(21.71±1.978)ms、N(32.61±2.568)ms、P-N(10.90±1.338)ms,其变异系数分别为9.11%、7.87%、12.88%;波幅为(2.762±1.230)μV,变异系数为41.47%;刺激右侧胫神经引发的波形潜伏期为P(21.49±1.985)ms、N(32.55±2.359)ms、P-N(11.06±1.153)ms,其变异系数分别为9.24%、7.25%、10.24%;波幅为(2.634±1.092)μV,变异系数为44.55%。潜伏期和波幅左右侧差异均不显著(P0.05)。对正常比格犬胫神经皮层SEP的测定,获得了清晰的SEP波形及各波潜伏期和波幅的正常值,印证了潜伏期的稳定性优于波幅的稳定性,可以为实验室研究犬病理状态下的SEP和宠物临床应用SEP诊断疾病提供参考依据。     

丘陵地区光伏智能施肥灌溉系统设计

生态农业的发展离不开施肥灌溉等设施的支持。本文介绍了光伏智能施肥灌溉系统的相关配置方案、设计方法、设备选型及计算方式;设计了一套以独立光伏提供能源动力、以GRPS提供无线远程控制,并结合现有智能化施肥灌溉技术的智能施肥灌溉系统,为丘陵山区农作物远程智能化施肥灌溉提供了新的解决方案。     

水稻施用植物生长促进菌效果初探

通过田间试验,对一种植物生长促进菌(PGPR)在水稻上的应用效果作了初步探讨。试验结果表明,PGPR制剂与化肥配合施用对水稻生长发育产生了显著的影响。与单施氮、磷、钾化肥相比,PGPR与化肥处理显著提高了水稻的株高、穗数、穗粒数、千粒重,比单施化肥和不施肥对照分别增产26.0%和53.9%。同时,PGPR处理提高了水稻的根系活力,并对灌浆速率产生了积极的影响。