Effect of glycerol cross-linking and PDI on the shape memory effect and mechanical properties of polyurethane

A series of shape memory polyurethane (PU) copolymers synthesized from 1,4-phenyldiisocyanate (PDI), poly(tetramethyleneglycol) (PTMG), 1,4-butanediol (BD) as a chain extender, and glycerol as a cross-linking agent were tested for the mechanical properties and the shape memory effect at the temperature 20 °C above melting temperature (T _m), and were compared with other PUs synthesized from 4,4′-methylene-bis-phenyldiisocyanate (MDI), PTMG, and BD. Mechanical properties and shape memory effect were improved substantially by adopting both PDI and glycerol. Interestingly, enthalpy of melting and T _m were not affected by the glycerol content. Vibration and shock absorption ability was investigated by measuring both loss tan δ and storage modulus with dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA).     

Apo-9′-Fucoxanthinone,Isolated from Sargassum muticum,Inhibits CpG-Induced Inflammatory Response by Attenuating the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway

Sargassum muticum (S. muticum) is a brown edible alga and widely distributed in Korea. This report was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory properties of apo-9′-fucoxanthinone (APO-9′) isolated from S. muticum on pro-inflammatory cytokine production. S. muticum extract (SME) exhibited significant inhibitory effects on pro-inflammatory cytokine production in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and dendritic cells (BMDCs). APO-9′ pre-treatment in the CpG DNA-stimulated BMDMs and BMDCs showed a strong dose-dependent inhibitory effect on interleukin (IL)-12 p40, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production with IC₅₀ values ranging from 5.31 to 13.79. It exhibited a strong inhibitory effect on the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and on activator protein (AP)-1 reporter activity. APO-9′ pre-treatment exhibited significant inhibition of CpG DNA-induced production of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Taken together, these data suggest that SME and APO-9′ have a significant anti-inflammatory property and warrant further studies concerning the potentials of SME and APO-9′ for medicinal use.     

上海地区猪和奶牛血清中TTV（Torque Teno virns）感染的检测

于2009年3～5月采集上海地区的200份牛血清和400份猪血清,采用ELISA和荧光PCR方法检测其TTV（Torque Teno virus）感染状况。经ELISA检测,牛血清样品中检出阳性数2份,阳性率1．0％;猪血清样品中共检出阳性数15份,阳性率3．75％,其中生产母猪和育肥肉猪的阳性率分别为5．5％和2．0％,而荧光PCR检测结果均为阴性。结果表明上海地区猪和牛TTV感染现状处于较低水平。     

解磷剂在大豆生产上的应用效果研究

根据解磷剂在大豆上的应用效果试验表明:施用解磷剂,可提高土壤无机磷总量,减少磷肥用量,促进作物生长发育,提高作物产量,增加经济效益,是目前开发活化土壤固定态磷素资源的途径之一。     

107杨不同插穗的育苗试验

正黑杨派无性系在世界发达国家的杨木生产中占有重要经济地位,特别是欧美杨无性系具有较强的杂种优势,表现出早期速生、无性繁殖容易、适应性强等特点,适宜于无性系育种。经长期引种实践和栽植历史证明,其适生于我国大部分平原地区,成为     

生物有机肥对花生生长发育及产量的影响

施用生物肥可使花生植株矮壮,分枝增多,防止徒长,提高产量,改善品质,突出表现在荚果和籽粒增大,出米率提高,还可防治花生病害,克服重茬障碍和减轻地下害虫蛴螬的为害。     

Thermal and mechanical properties of modified CaCO3 filled poly (ethylene terephthalate) nanocomposites

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/CaCO₃ and PET/modified-CaCO₃ (m-CaCO₃) nanocomposites were prepared by melt blending. The morphology indicated that m-CaCO₃ produced by reacting sodium oxalate and calcium chloride, was well dispersed in PET matrix and showed good interfacial interaction with PET compared to CaCO₃. No significant differences in the thermal properties such as, glass transition, melting and degradation temperatures, of the nanocomposites were observed. The thermal shrinkage of PET at 120 °C was 10.8 %, while those of PET/CaCO₃ and PET/m-CaCO₃ nanocomposites were 2.9–5.2 % and 1.2–2.8 %, respectively depending on filler content. The tensile strength of PET/CaCO₃ nanocomposite decreased with CaCO₃ loading, whereas that of PET/m-CaCO₃ nanocomposites at 0.5 wt% loading showed a 17 % improvement as compared to neat PET. The storage modulus at 120 °C increased from 1660 MPa for PET to 2350 MPa for PET/CaCO₃ nanocomposite at 3 wt% loading, and 3230 MPa for PET/m-CaCO₃ nanocomposite at 1 wt% loading.     

A concept to define a quantitative measure of mixture state

Mixing is a mechanical operation to distribute components evenly in a plane or a space. Composite molding and textile manufacturing industries are routinely taking advantage of mixing operations in order to distribute raw materials uniformly or in a specific way during composite molding or textile producing processes. Key issues to identify any mixed state are (1) the time needed to accomplish through mixing (the time scale) and (2) the extent of the homogeneity of the mixture in a plane (the length scale). In this paper, a new concept of mixture status is focused on the length scale. The goal to derive a new concept of mixture status is to establish a measure to describe the mixed extent of a mixture consisting of two components, derived from clump size and clump distribution. To verify the usefulness of the newly conceived “Mixedness Index”, the suggested definition was compared with the existing coefficient of variation (CV) method based on simulation and experiments. Results showed a reasonable relationship between the Mixedness Index and observation, demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed Mixedness Index for industrial applications.