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排序方式: 共有65条查询结果,搜索用时 555 毫秒
41.
Yuuki Kawabata Kimio Asami Masato Kobayashi Taku Sato Koichi Okuzawa Hideaki Yamada Kenzo Yoseda Nobuaki Arai 《Fisheries Science》2011,77(3):345-355
In this study, the effect of shelter acclimation on the post-release movement and putative predation mortality of hatchery-reared
black-spot tuskfish Choerodon schoenleinii was examined using acoustic telemetry. We acclimated four 1-year-old fish to shelters in cages before release and compared
their movements with six nonacclimated fish. Since it was not possible to compare the behavioral pattern between the former
and the latter fish due to the short periods the latter fish were available to be monitored, we also compared their movements
with those of large nonacclimated fish that were less likely to be preyed upon. Sixty-seven percent of the nonacclimated fish
showed atypical movements before the signals ceased to be detected, a pattern that suggested a predation event had occurred,
whereas none of the acclimated and large nonacclimated fish showed the atypical movements. In addition, the probability of
detection cessation was about 13 times lower in the acclimated than nonacclimated fish. The signal detection patterns suggest
that the acclimated fish utilized night-time shelters from the first night after release, while the large nonacclimated fish
started to utilize shelters several days after release. Therefore, it is likely that the shelter acclimation enhanced the
shelter utilization by tuskfish, possibly decreasing post-release predation mortality. 相似文献
42.
Minoru Terazawa Sakae Horisawa Yutaka Tamai Kenzo Yamashita 《Journal of Wood Science》1999,45(4):354-358
A system for effective garbage decomposition using sawdust and aerobic soil bacteria was examined. The machinery used in this process, the garbage automatic decomposer-extinguisher (GADS), is composed of a container with an automatic mechanical mixer and a drain for liquid formed by the decomposition of garbage. The aerobic soil bacteria, cultivated in sawdust, degrades garbage within the container. The GADE machine, containing 4kg of sawdust, totally decomposed 59.75 kg of garbage within 3 months (0.66 kg/day). Constant temperature, pH level, and moisture content of the matrix throughout the experimental period suggested stable degrading action. The residual sawdust and drainage water from the GADE machine were converted to fertilizers or soil conditioners (GADE compost) by the garbage decomposition process. Neither inhibited germination or growth of three test crops: komatsuna, Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris), hatsukadaikon, radish (Raphanus sativus L. var.radicula), and bisai (Raphanus sp.).Some of the results of this paper were presented at IUFRO, Nancy, France, 1992 相似文献
43.
Kazuo Okamura Irino Yumei Kang Kenzo Tanaka Daisuke Hattori Satoshi Ishizuka Ikuo Ninomiya Kz Iwasaki Joseph Jawa Kendawang Katsutoshi Sakurai 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2005,51(3):369-377
In the present study, the focus was placed on the survival, growth, nutrient status, and ectomycorrhizal formation of pot-grown dipterocarps treated with a controlled-release fertilizer or a chemical fertilizer when transplanted to abandoned shifting cultivation land. Either a chemical fertilizer (CF) or a 700-day controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) had been applied to Dryobalanops lanceolata seedlings at the rates of 0, 2, 5, and 10 g fertilizers per pot in the nursery of the Forest Research Station Niah (FRSN), Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia. The seedlings were cultivated for 18 months in the nursery, and then transplanted to abandoned shifting cultivation land around the FRSN. At 16 months after transplantation, the plants in the CRF treatments showed a good performance in terms of growth and survival ability, because of the sufficient amounts of nutrients accumulated in plants with a sound shoot form and high photosynthetic activity at the nursery stage. On the other hand, many saplings in the CF treatments at the rates of 5 g and 10 g died in the field due to their spindly shoot form and low photosynthetic activity in the nursery, even though the saplings that survived showed on adequate growth. Therefore, the application of slow-release type CRF in the nursery was considered to be feasible and suitable for successful establishment of a dipterocarp plantation in the field. Ectomycorrhizal fungus present in the nursery would sustain and be correlated with P uptake of the saplings after transplantation. 相似文献
44.
Antiorio Ana Tada Fonseca Brasil Alemán-Laporte Jilma de Freitas Ana Paula Pauloni Yamamoto Pedro Kenzo Cintra Luciana Mori Claudia Madalena Cabrera 《Veterinary research communications》2022,46(1):1-8
Veterinary Research Communications - Although laboratory animals experience pain as a necessary component of the objectives of experimental protocols, the level of pain should be minimized through... 相似文献
45.
Interspecific variation of photosynthesis and leaf characteristics in canopy trees of five species of Dipterocarpaceae in a tropical rain forest 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kenzo T Ichie T Yoneda R Kitahashi Y Watanabe Y Ninomiya I Koike T 《Tree physiology》2004,24(10):1187-1192
Photosynthetic rate, nitrogen concentration and morphological properties of canopy leaves were studied in 18 trees, comprising five dipterocarp species, in a tropical rain forest in Sarawak, Malaysia. Photosynthetic rate at light saturation (Pmax) differed significantly across species, varying from 7 to 18 micro mol m(-2) s(-1). Leaf nitrogen concentration and morphological properties, such as leaf blade and palisade layer thickness, leaf mass per area (LMA) and surface area of mesophyll cells per unit leaf area (Ames/A), also varied significantly across species. Among the relationships with leaf characteristics, Pmax had the strongest correlation with leaf mesophyll parameters, such as palisade cell layer thickness (r2 = 0.76, P < 0.001) and Ames/A (r2 = 0.73, P < 0.001). Leaf nitrogen concentration and Pmax per unit area also had a significant but weaker correlation (r2 = 0.46, P < 0.01), whereas Pmax had no correlation, or only weakly significant correlations, with leaf blade thickness and LMA. Shorea beccariana Burck, which had the highest P(max) of the species studied, also had the thickest palisade layer, with up to five or more layers. We conclude that interspecific variation in photosynthetic capacity in tropical rain forest canopies is influenced more by leaf mesophyll structure than by leaf thickness, LMA or leaf nitrogen concentration. 相似文献
46.
Kensuke ARAKAWA Yasushi KAWAI Kenji FUJITANI Junko NISHIMURA Haruki KITAZAWA Ken-ichi KOMINE Kenzo KAI Tadao SAITO 《Animal Science Journal》2008,79(5):634-640
The use of bacteriocins from Lactobacillus gasseri , a probiotic lactic acid bacterium, as bio-preservatives in the food industry and animal formulations has been limited because few strains of Lb. gasseri are cultivated and produce a bacteriocin in natural media such as milk and milk-based media. By the determination of the growth-supplements to milk among the 47 nutrients, Lb. gasseri JCM1131T , LA39 and LA158 isolated from human feces were successfully cultured in reconstituted skim milk and cheese whey using proteose peptone as a nutrient supplement, where Lb. gasseri LA39 produced a useful bacteriocin, gassericin A, with effective growth-inhibiting activity against Gram-positive food-borne pathogens. The data suggest these developed low-cost safe media supporting enough production of bacteriocins by the probiotic Lb. gasseri LA39 could be used to improve the safe bio-preservation of foods and therapy of bovine mastitis, and extra cheese whey produced by cheese making industry is reused in the cultivation for probiotics effectively. 相似文献
47.
Kenzo Omata Hirofumi Tomita Tetsuo Nakajima Bunji Natsume 《Pest management science》1989,26(3):271-281
Structural requirements for melanin biosynthesis inhibition were analysed by comparing known melanin biosynthesis inhibitors (MBIs) and an intermediate of melanin biosynthesis (1,3,8-trihydroxynaphthalene (1,3,8-THN)), on the assumption that the enzymatic inhibition by MBIs occurs competitively with the biosynthetic intermediate. On this basis, new chemicals in the form of phthalazine derivatives were designed. In biological tests, the synthesised phthalazine derivatives showed high activity against rice blast, caused by Pyricularia oryzae Cav. These compounds also inhibited the melanisation of this fungus at a low concentration, which suggested that they are similar to other MBIs in their mode of action. 相似文献
48.
Successful mouse cloning of an outbred strain by trichostatin A treatment after somatic nuclear transfer 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Kishigami S Bui HT Wakayama S Tokunaga K Van Thuan N Hikichi T Mizutani E Ohta H Suetsugu R Sata T Wakayama T 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2007,53(1):165-170
Although the somatic cloning technique has been used for numerous applications and basic research of reprogramming in various species, extremely low success rates have plagued this technique for a decade. Further in mice, the "clonable" strains have been limited to mainly hybrid F1 strains such as B6D2F1. Recently, we established a new efficient cloning technique using trichostatin A (TSA) which leads to a 2-5 fold increase in success rates for mouse cloning of B6D2F1 cumulus cells. To further test the validity of this TSA cloning technique, we tried to clone the adult ICR mouse, an outbred strain, which has never been directly cloned before. Only when TSA was used did we obtain both male and female cloned mice from cumulus and fibroblast cells of adult ICR mice with 4-5% success rates, which is comparable to 5-7% of B6D2F1. Thus, the TSA treatment is the first cloning technique to allow us to successfully clone outbred mice, demonstrating that this technique not only improves the success rates of cloning from hybrid strains, but also enables mouse cloning from normally "unclonable" strains. 相似文献
49.
Tanaka Kenzo Reiji Yoneda Mohamad Alias Azani Nik Muhamad Majid 《Journal of Forest Research》2008,13(2):137-142
Leaf hairs may assist in maintaining high leaf water use efficiency in tropical secondary forest tree species. We compared
leaf temperature, transpiration, photosynthesis and water use efficiency between hairy and depilated leaves in Mallotus macrostachyus (Euphorbiaceae), to determine the role of leaf hair in leaf water use efficiency (WUE) in tropical degraded secondary forest
in Malaysia. Measurements were made on five mature individuals growing in sun-exposed conditions and five in shaded conditions.
The hair dry weight per unit leaf area was significantly greater in sun leaves than in shade leaves. The transpiration rate
(Trmax) of depilated leaves in sun-exposed conditions was slightly higher than in hairy leaves in both morning and afternoon measurements.
In contrast, Trmax in the shade leaves was almost identical in hairy and depilated leaves. Leaf stomatal conductance (g
s) in the morning showed almost the same value among leaf types and light conditions. In the afternoon, g
s slightly decreased from the morning values in both sun and shade conditions. In the morning, the leaf water use efficiency
(A
max/Trmax) in both conditions did not differ significantly between hairy and depilated leaves. However, in the afternoon, WUE in the
depilated leaves was significantly lower than in hairy leaves in sun-exposed conditions. These observations suggest that leaf
hairs in M. macrostachyus contribute to the high leaf water use efficiency in drought conditions, such as high vapor pressure deficit experienced at
midday in degraded tropical secondary forests. 相似文献
50.