The effects of months of the year and nitrogen (N) sources on salad rocket (Eruca sativa Mill.) yield, quality, and nitrate accumulation was investigated during the years 2002 and 2003. In both years, seeds were sown on the first day of April, May, June, July, August and September. Three different nitrogen sources were used: farmyard (cattle) manure (100 tonnes·ha?1), calcium nitrate [Ca(NO3)2]-15.5% N (150 kg N·ha?1) and ammonium sulfate [(NH4)2SO4)]-21% N (150 kg N·ha?1). Yield, leaf color, dry matter, vitamin C and total glucosinolate content and nitrate accumulation was assessed. Growing months affected all the assessed parameters significantly both years, with the exception of hue angle in 2003, whereas nitrogen source only influenced yield and nitrate accumulation in 2003. In both years the highest yield was obtained in April, but vitamin C and total glucosinolate contents were higher during summer months, and leaves were slightly darker colored. Chemical fertilizers increased the yield compared to farmyard manure; however, they also increased nitrate accumulation slightly, without any significant difference between them. Nitrate accumulation never exceeded 300 mg kg?1 fresh weight (FW), which is well below the acceptable daily intake of 3.7 mg nitrate per kg?1 bodyweight set by European Commission's Scientific Committee on Food. 相似文献
The purpose of this research is to perform the energy use efficiency and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of pistachio production. This research was performed for 2016 and 2017 production season in Ad?yaman province of Turkey in dry conditions in 2017. The data supplied from research were collected from 152 different farms by face to face surveys with simple random sampling method. The agricultural input energies and output energies used in pistachio production were computed to determine the energy use efficiency. According to the research findings, the energy inputs in pistachio production were computed respectively as 4561.11?MJ ha?1 (35.50%) diesel fuel energy, 3206.24?MJ ha?1 (24.96%) chemical fertilizers energy, 2420.93?MJ ha?1 (18.84%) machinery energy, 1020.06?MJ ha?1 (7.94%) human labour energy, 715.69?MJ ha?1 (5.57%) animal labour energy, 656.95?MJ ha?1 (5.11%) farmyard manure energy and 266.16?MJ ha?1 (2.07%) chemicals energy. Total input energy was computed as 12,847.14?MJ ha?1. Energy values of pistachio yield were computed as 15,008.65?MJ ha?1. Energy use efficiency, specific energy, energy productivity and net energy computations were computed respectively as 1.17, 22.32?MJ kg?1, 0.04?kg MJ?1 and 2161.51?MJ ha?1. The consumed total energy input in pistachio production can be classified as 49.01% direct, 50.99% indirect, 18.62% renewable and 81.38% non-renewable. Total GHG emission was computed as 1123.72?kg CO2?eqha?1 for pistachio production with the greatest portions for human labour (32.42%). The human labour followed up chemical fertilizers usage (23.21%), diesel fuel consumption (19.89%), machinery usage (15.30%), farmyard manure usage (5.65%), chemicals usage (3.25%) and animal labour usage (0.27%), respectively. Additionally, GHG ratio value was computed as 1.95 kgCO2?eqkg?1 in pistachio production.
We tried to predict the CIELab data and wash fastness values of scoured nylon 6.6 knitted fabric dyed with 1:2 metal-complex
acid dyes and aftertreated using three different methods named as syntan, syntan/cation and full backtan by artificial neural
network (ANN) with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm and regression models. Afterward, the predicting performance of these models
was tested and compared with each other using unseen data sets. We were able to achieve to predict the all colorimetric data
satisfactorily such as L*, a*, b*, C, ho and wash fastness performance using both models. The statistical findings indicated that the regression models provide more
accurate prediction for all colour data with an average error of 1% contrast to previous study. In terms of prediction of
fastness, artificial neural network is a bit more useful than regression models for prediction of staining value on the nylon
part of adjacent multifiber. 相似文献
The study on overvoltage for 500 kV substation caused by lightning intruded wave is presented. In this paper, we calculate by using electromagnetic transient program (EMTP) and combine substation with incoming lines ,so some influence factors can be considered such as impulse voltage second characteristic of insulator strings, lightning stroke point on the incoming lines and impulse grounding resistance of towers. The results show that the method is close to the practice and some factors of incoming lines are important to overvoltage. 相似文献
通过重叠PCR扩增得到烟草丛顶病毒(Tobacco bushy top virus,TBTV)中国分离物RdRp的编码序列,构建以pMALC2X为基础载体的原核表达载体pMAL-TB-RdRp。0.5 mM IPTG诱导可特异性表达分子量约为120 kDa的MBP-RdRp融合蛋白。温度梯度实验显示,18℃下诱导表达的MBP-RdRp融合蛋白的可溶性比例较高,约17%;经亲和层析纯化的MBPRdRp可特异性识别TBTV正链和负链的3'末端序列,催化体外复制;对正负链的3'末端的体外复制效率存在差别,识别负链3'末端的体外复制效率明显高于正链3'末端。本研究创建的TBTV RdRp介导的体外复制体系为进一步研究TBTV基因组复制调控奠定了基础。 相似文献