ARTERIOGRAPHIC ANATOMY OF THE ABDOMINAL AORTA IN THE GOAT, DOG, PIG, AND RABBIT

Arteriographic anatomy of the major branches of the abdominal aorta of rabbits, dogs, pigs, and goats was investigated. The origin and location of the celiac, cranial mesenteric, right renal, left renal, caudal mesenteric, and external iliac arteries were demonstrated, and their placement was described in relation to the iliac bifurcation and lumbar vertebral bodies.     

Fenbendazole for treatment of Paragonimus kellicotti infection in dogs.

The effect of fenbendazole therapy was studied in 9 dogs with pulmonary paragonimiasis induced by inoculation of metacercariae (25/dog) of Paragonimus kellicotti. At 42 to 47 days after 6 dogs were inoculated, they were given fenbendazole in 2 divided doses totaling 50 mg (4 dogs) or 100 mg (2 dogs)/kg of body weight each day for 10 to 14 days. Three dogs were not treated. The passage of Paragonimus eggs in the feces ceased after 3 days at the high dosage and after 3 to 8 days at the low dosage. All dogs were euthanatized and necropsied on day 14. Live flukes were not recovered from the lungs of any treated dog, but 15, 19, and 23 live flukes were recovered from the untreated dogs.     

Effect of stratification-temperature,chemical treatments and seed coat on the growth of peach seedlings cultivar ‘Sharbati’

In order to obtain normal seedlings of peach cultivar ‘Sharbati’ before the commencement of winter, treatments with GA₃, thiourea and kinetin were given to seeds before stratification at 7°C, 10°C or 24°C. The seedlings raised from the treated seeds and after-ripened at 24°C were dwarf. The seedling growth was increased when the treated seeds were stratified at 10°C or 7°C and the stratification period was prolonged from 15 days to 75 days. 10°C stratification-temperature was better than 7°C. The seedling growth was improved when the seed coat was removed before the treatments. With respect to both seed types, 1000 mg/l GA₃ produced the tallest seedlings at all the after-ripening temperatures and during each stratification period. The next best treatment was 100 mg/l kinetin.     

Histopathologic and electron microscopic studies on the acute toxicity of ochratoxin A in rats

Ochratoxin A was given by gavage to male rats. Moribund and dead animals were necropsied, and the surviving rats, including the controls, were killed 48 hours after dosing. Many of the principal rats were moribund, or began dying, within 12 to 24 hours after dosing. Lesions suggestive of disseminated intravascular coagulation were seen by light microscopy as early as 12 hours after dosing; fibrin deposits were in the spleen, brain choroid plexus, glomerular capillaries, liver, and heart. Renal tubular nephrosis, hepatic and lymphoid necrosis, and necrotic enteritis with villous atrophy were also seen. Electron microscopy demonstrated fibrin strands mixed with degranulated platelets, necrotic leukocytes, and swollen endothelial cells in glomerular capillaries. Myocardial changes included focal supercontracted sarcomeres adjacent to intercalated disks. Swollen sarcolemma, lysed myofibrils and fragmented Z-bands with interstitial edema, vascular thrombosis, and endothelial damage were also seen. The acute pathologic changes induced by ochratoxin A in the intestine, liver, and lymphoid tissues were more obvious than the tubular nephrosis, and the development of a disseminated intravascular coagulation-like syndrome with myocardial changes was a complicating factor.     

The use of spleen antigen in the tube agglutination test for diagnosis of anaplasmosis in cattle

An antigen was prepared from the spleen of an infected bovine calf and was used in the tube agglutination test. Cases having rare and very low parasitaemia as well as the carrier cases were detected by this procedure and no non-specific reaction was observed with other haemoprotozoan infections. The maximum titre obtained with the Anplasma positive sera was 1:20, about 60 per cent showed a titre of 1:10 and 90 per cent showed a titre of 1:5 or more. The test provided satisfactory results in detecting the cases even at the early phase of the infection. The test also proved useful in judging the efficacy of a drug employed to destroy the carrier status.     

Pharmacokinetics and dosage regimen of cefotaxime in cross-bred calves following single intramuscular administration

The pharmacokinetics, penetration into erythrocytes and plasma protein binding of cefotaxime were investigated in cross-bred calves. Following a single intramuscular dose of cefotaxime (10 mg/kg), the absorption half-life and elimination half-life were 0.13±0.03 h and 2.97±0.72 h, respectively. The apparent volume of distribution and total body clearance were 3.28±0.72 L/kg and 0.78±0.08 L/kg per h, respectively. The extent of penetration into erythrocytes was 24–40% of the total blood concentration. Cefotaxime was bound to plasma proteins of calves to the extent of 25.5–33.6%. A satisfactory intramuscular dosage regimen for cefotaxime in calves would be 11 mg/kg followed by 10 mg/kg at 7 h intervals.Abbreviations ATCC American type cell culture - MIC minimum inhibitory concentration - PCV packed cell volume