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91.
Yasumitsu Uraki Junji Nemoto Kuniyoshi Yanaga Akio Koizumi Takuro Hirai 《Journal of Wood Science》2005,51(6):589-594
Board-shaped composites with medium density (MDF) were prepared from isolated lignins and waste newspaper, in addition to
preparation of the composites with high density (HB). The board properties of both composites concerning bending strength
and water resistance were improved by the addition of hardwood acetic acid lignin (HAL). The internal bond strength and water
resistance of MDF, in particular the degree of thickness swelling (TS), were also improved by prolonged molding time. Adding
inorganic salts contributed to the improvement of TS. The effect depended on the charge of the cation. Considering practical
utilization of lignin-based MDF as a structural material, its performance was evaluated by combination of the single-shear
test of nailed joints and the modulus of rigidity. As a result, this MDF had sufficient strength to be utilized as an internal
shear wall material. Therefore, lignin can be considered as an alternative to conventional adhesives for the production of
boards such as HB and MDF. 相似文献
92.
The aim of this study was to develop a facile method for categorizing native celluloses as the algal-bacterial type or the
cotton-ramie type and for estimating the Iα/Iβ (triclinic/monoclinic) ratio of the cellulose samples. We investigated various native celluloses by X-ray diffractometry;
and discriminant analysis was carried out using two equatoriald-spacings: 0.59–0.62 nm (d
1) and 0.52–0.55 nm (d
2). All of the samples were classified into the two groups without error. The function used to discriminate between the two
groups is represented as:Z=1693d1 — 902d
2 — 549, whereZ>0 indicates the algal-bacterial (Iα-rich) type andZ<0 indicates the cotton-ramie (Iβ-dominant) type. Another X-ray diffraction study of hydrothermally treatedCladophora cellulose revealed the relation between thed-spacings (d
1,d
2) and the Iα/Iβ ratio. A calibrating equation by which the Iα/Iβ ratio was estimated from the two parameters,d
1 andd
2, was then prepared. In the case of relatively highly crystalline native celluloses, it was found that the Iα/Iβ ratio is easily determined by applying the two parameters in the equation. 相似文献
93.
94.
【目的】深入研究尾叶桉(Eucalyptus urophylla)肉桂酰乙醇脱氢酶(CAD)基因序列中的关键片段并利用其进行木质素合成调控。【方法】采用生物信息学工具对EuCAD基因进行序列分析,根据编码蛋白保守结构域的分布情况进行筛选,获得一段44 bp关键序列用于构建RNA干扰载体并转化烟草,获得转基因植株并对基因表达水平、木质素含量等表型进行检测。【结果】获得28个转基因株系,转基因植株正常生长发育,与野生型无异,随机挑选3个株系进行检测,发现CAD基因表达水平均较野生型显著降低,以R1株系降幅最大,降至野生型的12.51%。对R1株系进一步检测发现,其茎部直径与野生型无异,但木质部厚度较野生型显著降低,其中第4节处降低11.75%,第6节处降低10.06%,茎部整体木质素含量较野生型降低15.26%。表明该RNAi片段显著抑制烟草中CAD基因表达并影响烟草木质素合成。【结论】通过序列分析筛选出的EuCAD基因小片段,可通过RNA干扰显著影响烟草木质素合成,为尾叶桉木质素合成调控研究提供了技术参考。 相似文献
95.
96.
Microcracks produced in an Acacia hybrid (Acacia mangium × Acacia auriculiformis) and Melia azedarach during drying were visualized in situ using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM); the morphological differences were
compared. In the Acacia hybrid, numerous microcracks were found between the wood fiber and ray parenchyma, which propagated
toward both the pith and bark. The microcracks closed with further drying, but persisted until the last stage of drying. In
Melia azedarach, however, few microcracks formed between the wood fiber and ray parenchyma in the latewood region; they also propagated toward
both the pith and bark. Because the microcracks subsequently closed, some could not be detected by CLSM. These morphological
characteristics resulted from differences in the wood structure and we conclude that the interface zone between the wood fiber
and ray parenchyma is one type of weak point on the transverse surface that is susceptible to checking. 相似文献
97.
Naho Yamagishi Junji Nishikawa Youichi Oshima Naoki Eguchi 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2009,75(5):401-403
A black spot disease on cultivated alstroemeria was found in Nagano Prefecture, Japan, in January 2008. The causal fungus
isolated from the diseased plants was morphologically identified as Alternaria alstroemeriae E.G. Simmons & C.F. Hill. An inoculation test with the isolated fungus demonstrated that the disease is caused by this species.
This is the first report of black spot on alstroemeria (kokuhan-byo, in Japanese) caused by A. alstroemeriae in Japan. 相似文献
98.
感染溶藻弧菌对日本蟳肝胰腺免疫功能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
摘 要:为探讨日本蟳感染溶藻弧菌的致病机理,采用溶藻弧菌人工感染健康日本蟳,分析了感染前后日本蟳肝胰腺 PO、SOD和LSZ活性变化及注射免疫多糖后的免疫保护率,并研究了细胞超微结构的病理组织学。结果表明:日本蟳感染溶藻弧菌后,肝胰腺中PO、SOD和 LSZ的活性均受到不同程度的影响,感染6~12 h,3种酶的活性均有一个上升的过程,但之后随时间的延长呈现下降趋势;免疫感染组因感染弧菌前注射了免疫多糖,日本蟳肝胰腺中PO、SOD和LSZ酶活性均显著高于感染组的酶活性,感染7 d后的免疫保护率高达72.73%,表明免疫多糖可提高酶的活性,使机体的抗病菌能力增强。超微结构显示:对照组日本蟳肝胰腺细胞结构形态正常,上皮细胞表面的微绒毛排列整齐,各细胞器结构完整;免疫组内质网、糖原颗粒和线粒体丰富,微绒毛排列致密;感染组肝胰腺组织受到明显的损伤,细胞和部分微绒毛脱落、受损;线粒体和粗面内质网变形、水肿或仅剩一空泡;核高度异染色质化,核膜破裂。与感染组相比,免疫后感染组具有形态结构较正常的细胞核、整齐致密的微绒毛和丰富的溶酶体,但依然可见水肿的内质网和狭长畸变的线粒体。 相似文献
99.
【目的】为探讨海岛棉纤维品质与其种子短绒多寡之间的相关关系,提高海岛棉品质育种效率。【方法】以218份海岛棉种质资源为供试材料,通过2年纤维品质指标的检测及短绒多寡的调查与分级,分析短绒各分级间纤维品质指标的差异性及纤维品质与短绒多寡的相关性。【结果】方差分析表明,各级间除马克隆值差异不大外,其他纤维品质指标随着短绒的增加而增高,且差异呈极显著或显著(P0.05或P0.01)水平。Spearman相关系数表明,纤维上半部平均长度、断裂比强度、长度整齐度指数和断裂伸长率分别与短绒级别间呈极显著(P0.01)正相关,马克隆值与级别间呈显著(P0.05)负相关。【结论】海岛棉纤维品质与其种子短绒多寡间有统计学意义的正相关性,短绒多寡可作为海岛棉纤维品质优劣的参照之一。 相似文献
100.
The detachment of the gelatinous layer (G-layer), often observed on microtome cross sections, has led some authors to believe that the G-layer cannot act as the driving force of longitudinal shrinkage in tension wood. The aim of this study was to observe the detachment of the G-layer along fibers. Green wood blocks were cut transversely into two samples. One sample was kept in water and the other was oven-dried. With one face being common to both samples, the detachment of the G-layer was studied on the same fibers. Observations were performed after blocking deformation by embedding. This revealed that the detachment of the G-layer is an effect produced by the act of cutting the transverse face of the wood block to be embedded. At distances greater than 100 µm from this primary surface of the sample, no detachment was observed. Drying shrinkage shows little or no effect on this detachment. The result seems to explain well why the detachment of the G-layer occurs during sectioning using conventional sliding microtomy. These observations prove the adhesion of the G-layer in massive wood and confirm the active role of the G-layer in tension wood properties. 相似文献