长沙市野生态动物园斑马蜱pcox1基因扩增及序列分析

为研究长沙市生态动物园引进的非洲肯尼亚斑马蜱的线粒体DNA的部分细胞色素C氧化酶第Ⅰ亚基(cytochrome coxidase subunit l,pcox1)基因序列的遗传变异情况,本研究对其线粒体pcox1基因序列进行PCR扩增,并使用DNAStar(V5.01)、Clustalx2.0及Phylip3.67进行分析。结果显示,几种斑马蜱为消色牛蜱、丽色扇头蜱和璃眼蜱属,种间差异为0.7%~20.2%,种内相似度较高,表明pcox1基因可作为蜱种间遗传变异研究的标记,研究结果为蜱的分类鉴定以及进一步的分子流行病学调查奠定了基础。     

Limited awareness of animal influenza prevention and control among Dai Lue smallholder farmers in Southwest China

Awareness of animal influenza and its prevention and control is important for ensuring livestock health, production and welfare. In China, a country stereotyped as a major source of emerging zoonotic infectious diseases, research on the public understanding of animal influenza is limited to the Han, the main ethnic group. The present qualitative study in Southwest China investigated awareness of animal influenza among the Dai, an ethnic minority. The participants (15 men and 10 women, ages 18–83) were smallholder farmers of pigs and poultry in rural areas of Jinghong, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province. A mixture of interviews and group discussions took place in homes and villages. The participants were asked about their knowledge of avian influenza (H7N9), swine influenza (H1N1), precautions taken to protect against influenza, procedures when animals were sick and perceived risk of animal influenza. The data were analysed following coding and thematic analysis. The findings demonstrated a limited understanding of animal health and welfare among participants. Specifically, they were largely unaware of animal influenza (H7N9, H1N1) including its causes, symptoms, prevention and treatment. The farmers were also uninformed of the risks they faced and unknowingly engaged in behaviours which increased direct or indirect exposure to infected animals, a risk factor for human infection. They also reported poor usage of veterinary services. In order to guarantee the health, welfare and production of their livestock, immediate action is needed to enable Dai smallholder farmers to prevent and respond to animal influenza effectively and timely.     

重庆市山羊博尔纳病病毒P24基因的检测

为了解重庆市山羊博尔纳病隐性带毒情况，分析博尔纳病病毒（BDV）的种系来源。采用巢式逆转录酶PCR结合荧光定量PCR（FQ—nRT—PCR）技术对重庆市60只山羊外周血单核细胞（PBMCs）及脑组织中的BDVP24基因片段进行了检测，将阳性产物测序，并与国外BDV毒株进行了比较。结果，山羊外周血检测阳性率为8．3％（5／60），脑组织检测阳性率为10％（6／60）。该BDVP24片段核苷酸序列与马源BDVH1766株同源性最高，达96．519／6，与标准株Strain V和He／80同源性为95．35％，并且编码的氨基酸序列也相同。表明，重庆市山羊中存在动物源性博尔纳病隐性带毒，该BDVP24核苷酸序列与Strain V和He／80株具有高度同源性。     

Efficacy of the immunoblot assay for cysticercosis in pigs and modulated expression of distinct IgM/IgG activities to Taenia solium antigens in experimental infections

A recently invented immunoblot assay for human cysticercosis was evaluated for efficacy in pigs. The test population consists of 45 pigs with parasitologically confirmed cysticercosis, 47 with heterologous infections, 45 SPF or concrete raised control animals. With this group of 137 animals the test performance was 100% sensitive and 100% specific. The antigen-specific responses of immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgG and IgM in four pigs infected with Taenia solium eggs derived from a human were quantified by immunoblot. Antigen-specific activities were observed as early as 1 week postinfection. The first antigen-specific isotypic response was IgM antibodies directed against a glycoprotein at 97 KD (GP97). This activity generally disappeared between the sixth and ninth week postinfection. Between Weeks 5 and 8, IgG activity rose as IgM activity fell. The IgG activity, however, was directed mostly towards GP50 and GP42 antigens. If the same response occurs in people with cysticercosis, identifying specific isotype activity may help to distinguish new infection from old.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Echinococcus granulosus</Emphasis>: Immunoprotection accompanyied by humoral and cytokine response against secondary hydatidosis in mice immunized with r<Emphasis Type="Italic">Eg.</Emphasis>myophilin

Objects:  

This study aimed to investigate the immunoprotection of the recombinant Eg.myophilin (rEg.myophilin) and tentatively analyze mechanism of this protection.     

放牧对西藏高寒嵩草草甸地上生物量空间分布的影响

以西藏自治区工布江达县的高寒嵩草（Kobresia）草甸为研究对象,利用地上生物量测定法对草地群落进行实地调查,并结合γ分布模型,从空间异质性角度来探索放牧对西藏高寒草甸地上生物量及其空间分布格局的影响,以期为高寒牧区退化草地的恢复及生产力的提高提供理论指导。结果表明：未放牧区（N）、适度放牧区（M）和重度放牧区（H）植物种地上生物量的空间分布与γ模型均具有很好的吻合性;样方内的平均生物量随着放牧强度的增大而减少,且适度放牧、重度放牧与未放牧区生物量之间均差异极显著（P<0.01）;群落的空间异质性表现为N>H>M,且草地植物种的生物量与其空间异质性负相关。因此在草地的管理与利用中,应有效控制植物群落的空间异质性来提高草地生产力,实现草畜平衡。     

畜牧企业要什么样的企业精神

要想使企业精神真正成为一种支撑企业长远发展的精神力量,它需要设计,也需要持续保养,两者缺一不可。     

广东省部分猪场细环病毒感染状况

细环病毒（TTV）目前在全世界的猪群中广泛存在。为了调查其在广东省猪群流行情况,我们运用PCR方法对广东省不同地方猪场和散养户送检的445份血清进行了检测。结果表明：TTV总的阳性率为68.1%（303/445）,其中TTV1阳性率为43.1%（192/445）,TTV2阳性率为24.9%（111/445）。TTV1的阳性率高于TTV2的阳性率,且猪场送检样品阳性率高于散养户。TTV1和TTV2存在混合感染,猪场样品混合阳性率为23.1%（88/381）,散养户样品混合阳性率为1.6%（1/64）。几份阳性样品测序和进化分析显示,它们分别属于TTV1和TTV2。调查结果表明TTV在广东猪群中已经广泛存在。