Selective control of polyamide dyeing with acid dyes using hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin

The effect of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) in the dyeing of polyamide fabric was investigated under conditions that mimic industrial dyebaths where dye mixtures are used. The dyes used were Telon Red BN, Telon Yellow A-2R, and Telon Blue RR. The blue dye complexed with HPβCD whereas the other dyes did not do so under the conditions used. The dyeing results were compared with those obtained using a traditional retarding agent, Albegal B. The exhaustion dyeing data showed that HPβCD mainly affected the dyeing behavior of the blue dye that became encapsulated. In the case of the yellow and red dyes, changes in the overall kinetics of dyeing were observed, resulting in modified exhaustion profiles. In comparison, Albegal B retarded the blue dyeing process and increased the rate of exhaustion of the yellow dye while the exhaustion curve of red dye remained unchanged. The color uniformity of the dyed polyamide was improved when HPβCD was used. This resulted from the more controlled exhaustion rate during the critical phase of the dyeing process.     

刚手藻对水中N、P的神制及其环境条件研究

利用刚毛藻处理水中NH3-N、NO3-N、NO2-N、TN、TP,选择藻量、温度、光照、处理时间作为控制因子,研究不同条件及实际不同水环境下刚毛藻对水中N、P控制的影响。结果表明,藻量控制在1.5 g/L时藻对水样中NH3-N、NO3-N、NO2-N、TN、TP的去除效果较好;T-P的去除速率较快,在5 d即能取得较好效果,其次是NH3-N,在12 d左右达动态平衡,T-N的去除14 d为适应处理时间;当温度为20℃时,NH3-N、NO3-N、NO2-N、TP水体处理效果较好,TN处理最适宜温度出现在30℃;光照则表现为照度3 000 lx±100 lx时,NH3-N、NO3-N、NO2-N、TP去除效果较好。刚毛藻对不同水环境的N、P处理,T-N、T-P、NO2-N、NH3-N的处理均能达到较好的处理效果,且差异明显,但对NO3-N处理效果不甚理想。     

Identification of urolithin a as a metabolite produced by human colon microflora from ellagic acid and related compounds

Dietary ellagic acid and related polyphenols are metabolized in humans to dibenzopyran-6-one derivatives, and the microbial origin of these metabolites has been suggested. However, this has not been demonstrated so far. Fecal samples donated by six volunteers were incubated under anaerobic conditions, and aliquots were used to evaluate the fecal metabolism of ellagic acid, the ellagitannin punicalagin, and an ellagitannin rich extract from walnuts. The isoflavone daidzein was also incubated with the same fecal samples to follow the production of the microbial metabolites previously reported (dihydrogenistein, O-demethylangolensin, and equol) as a positive control of the system and to evaluate similarities between isoflavone and ellagic acid fecal flora metabolism. After fermentation the metabolite "urolithin A" (3,8-dihydroxy-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-6-one) was produced from ellagic acid, punicalagin, and the ellagitannin extract in all the fecal cultures from different volunteers, but with very different production rates and concentrations. This large variability in the concentration of metabolite and kinetics of metabolite production is consistent with the large variability found in the excretion of these metabolites in urine in vivo after human consumption of ellagitannins, and with differences in the composition of the fecal microflora. No correlation between isoflavone and ellagic acid metabolism by fecal microflora was observed. The present study confirms the microbial origin of the recently reported in vivo generated hydroxy-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-6-one derivatives in humans and is a further step in the study of the bioavailability and metabolism of ellagic acid and ellagitannins.     

Effect of a new thermal treatment in combination with saprobic fungal incubation on the phytotoxicity level of alperujo

Byproducts generated from food industries, such as olive oil mills, have been studied to decrease harmful pollution and their environmental consequences. In this work, a new thermal pretreatment and saprobic fungal incubation to detoxify alperujo (two-phase olive mill waste) have been evaluated in view of its use as fertilizer in agriculture. The sequential use of both methods simplifies the thermal conditions and incubation times of the fungal treatment. Optimization of the thermal treatment from 150 to 170 °C for 45 and 15 min, respectively, reduced the incubation time with Coriolpsis rigida from 20 to 10 weeks needed to reduce phytotoxic effects on tomato plants. Therefore, the combination of thermal and biological treatments will allow the development of the potential benefits of alperujo to improve nutrients in agricultural soil.     

Cytoprotection by neutral fraction of tannat red wine against oxidative stress-induced cell death

Some of the beneficial effects of the Mediterranean diet on human pathologies have been attributed to red wine polyphenols. It has been postulated that the antioxidant activity of the latter would be also responsible for the cytoprotective capacity of red wine that has been reported in a few papers. Nevertheless, red wine shows a complex composition, and the active fraction is not known yet. In this context, the protective capacity of total lyophilized extracts of red wine and anthocyanin, neutral, or acidic fractions, was explored in PC12 cells in culture after a hydrogen peroxide insult. Although all fractions showed high antioxidant activity, only the neutral fraction was cytoprotective. The analysis of this active fraction showed that it was rich in the aglycons quercetin and myricetin as well as the glycosides of kaempferol, isorhamnetin, epicatechin, and catechin, some of which are known to be cytoprotective. This is the first paper to reveal the active fraction of total wine responsible of its cytoprotection.     

冠心病血瘀证与血液检验相关指标分析

目的 探讨冠心病血瘀证与血液相关检验指标的关系。方法 选择175例冠心病患者,其中血瘀证组112例,非血瘀证组63例。研究对象均在住院次日清晨平躺测量血压,空腹状态下抽取静脉血液留置标本,检测血常规和血脂、血糖、肾功能等生化指标,记录患者吸烟史。比较两组患者指标的差异性。结果 血瘀证组患者的血常规中红细胞分布宽度-CV值（Rdw-cv）、红细胞分布宽度-SD值（Rdw-sd）、血小板分布宽度（Pdw）、血小板平均体积（Mpv）、血小板比积（Pct）、大型血小板比率（P-lct）均明显高于非血瘀证组（P<0.01,P<0.05）;血瘀证组患者载脂蛋白B（ApoB）、血脂总胆固醇（TC）均明显高于非血瘀证组（P<0.01,P<0.05）;血瘀证组中患者吸烟率明显高于非血瘀证组（P<0.05）。结论 冠心病血瘀证组患者Rdw-cv、Rdw-sd、Pdw、Mpv、Pct、P-lct、TC、ApoB及烟率均明显高于非血瘀证组,差异具有统计学意义,故以上指标可以作为冠心病血瘀证中医辨证分型的客观临床指标。     

Effects of exogenous amylase on the in vitro digestion kinetics of whole-crop maize silages made from flint or dent grain type at different phenological stages grown in tropical condition

The effect of exogenous amylase on the in vitro rumen digestion kinetics of whole-crop maize silage made from dent (RB9004) or flint grain type (RB9308) was evaluated at different phenological stages: soft dough (SOD), early dent (EAD), ½ milkline (½M) and ¾ milkline (¾M). Forage was harvested from 70 to 110 days after sowing. Two rumen-cannulated cows receiving or not exogenous amylase (0.7 g/kg dry matter—DM, provided to achieve 396 kilo Novo units of amylase activity/kg of TMR DM) were used as donor of ruminal fluid. The in vitro gas production kinetics was evaluated according to a dual-pool logistic model. The chemical composition and gas production kinetics were affected by the hybrid and phenological stages. The flint hybrid had lower range for chemical analysis among physiological stages. Harvesting at ½M and ¾M improved DM content, bromatological composition and silage quality parameters compared to dent or flint types. Amylase (i) increased methane (CH₄) production and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) in ½M stage, (ii) improved digestion kinetics by reducing lag time and increasing total gas production and fermentation rates of non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC) and fibrous carbohydrates (FC), and (iii) increased extent and fermentation rate of NFC and increased fermentation rate of FC fraction in whole-crop maize silages produced from dent or flint types in all phenological stages. Harvesting between ½M and ¾M is the best phenological stage to improve chemical composition and silage quality parameters. Exogenous amylase showed improvements on fibre digestion of silages at ½M and ¾M phenological stages in both grain types of corn.     

新疆石榴果实品质主成分分析

【目的】对新疆石榴果实品质进行主成分分析,为新疆石榴品质综合评价提供理论参考。【方法】以新疆主栽石榴对象,测定和比较其果实可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、可溶性糖和VC含量,采用主成分分析对不同石榴的果实内在品质进行综合评价。【结果】不同石榴在果实品质上存在一定差异,其中叶城大籽甜石榴的可溶性固形物含量最高(17.9 %±0.6 %),喀什甜石榴最低(14.9%±0.5%);叶城酸石榴的可滴定酸含量最高(2.19%±0.38%),叶城酸石榴、喀什甜石榴、喀什酸石榴三者之间的可滴定酸含量没有显著差异;叶城甜石榴的可溶性糖含量最高(17.9%±0.6%),显著高于其他石榴;皮亚曼石榴的VC含量超过[(28.3 ±1.1) mg/100 g],显著高于其他石榴。【结论】通过主成分分析综合评判叶城大籽甜石榴内在品质最佳,其后依次是叶城甜石榴、皮亚曼石榴、叶城酸石榴、喀什甜石榴和喀什酸石榴。     

2020年底各地新玉米霉菌毒素风险分析

为了解呕吐毒素(DON)、玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)和黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)在2020年底新玉米中的污染情况,指导饲料生产企业和养殖场(户)开展霉菌毒素防控,降低霉菌毒素对饲料质量安全及养殖动物的影响,避免经济受损的风险.2020年12月在市场上采集新玉米样本225份,采用胶体金免疫层析法或上转发光免疫分析法对其霉菌毒...     

稻曲病菌侵染水稻颖花的酵母双杂交cDNA文库构建与应用

【目的】近年来稻曲病日益严重,但目前对稻曲病菌(Ustilaginoidea virens)与水稻相互作用机制仍不清楚。论文旨在利用水稻感病颖花材料构建酵母双杂交文库并筛选稻曲病菌效应因子互作蛋白,为解析稻曲病菌侵染水稻机制提供理论基础。【方法】以感病水稻Chuannong H2S为试验材料,在水稻破口前5—7 d左右,从水稻穗中上部接种PSB摇培7 d的稻曲病菌荧光标记菌株P4,接种13 d后取颖花进行激光共聚焦观察,收集感病颖花。提取感病颖花总RNA,使用含有Oligo(dT)的接头引物反转录cDNA第一链,并PCR扩增ds cDNA,通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳切胶回收ds cDNA片段,与载体p GADT7-Rec进行同源重组,转化酵母菌株Y187构建酵母双杂交cDNA文库。然后用稻曲病菌效应因子Uv_1261基因构建诱饵载体,将诱饵载体转化入Y2HGold酵母菌株,通过酵母双杂交自激活验证后以该诱饵载体筛选酵母双杂交文库,最终在SD/-Ade/-His/-Leu/-Trp/X-α-Gal平板上筛选出生长状况良好的蓝色单菌落,经测序得到候选互作蛋白的序列,通过NCBI在线网站进行Blast分析和Uniprot在线网站进行gene ontology(GO)注释。【结果】经检测,文库滴度为5.7×108 cfu/mL,平均插入片段大小为750 bp,表明稻曲病菌侵染水稻颖花cDNA文库质量较高。用Uv_1261构建诱饵载体,转化Y2HGold后,转化菌可在SD/-Trp、SD/-Trp/X-α-Gal平板上生长,不能在SD/-Trp/X-α-Gal/Ab A平板上生长,表明Uv_1261无自激活现象。以该诱饵载体筛选文库,对筛选到的候选互作蛋白进行测序验证并Blast分析获得了56个来自稻曲病菌或水稻的候选互作蛋白,其中有28个候选互作蛋白来自稻曲病菌,有16个来自水稻,以及12个未知蛋白。经GO注释显示,来自稻曲病菌中的候选互作蛋白参与了17个生物过程,包括翻译、代谢过程、氧化还原及胞内氨基酸合成等;分子功能包括金属离子结合活性、水解酶活性及ATP结合活性等;细胞组分包括核糖体、细胞质及线粒体等。来自水稻中的候选互作蛋白参与了11个生物过程,包括蛋白质去磷酸化、糖代谢及翻译等;分子功能包括金属离子结合活性、核苷酸结合活性及转移酶活性等;细胞组分包括核糖体、膜及细胞核等。【结论】该cDNA文库质量较好,能成功地用于稻曲病菌效应蛋白的互作蛋白筛选,可为研究稻曲病菌与水稻相互作用的分子机制提供重要资源。