Glutathione content of in vivo and in vitro matured canine oocytes collected from different reproductive stages

Glutathione (GSH) concentrations of oocytes are considered as an important marker of the cytoplasmic maturation. The present study was designed to compare GSH concentrations of in vivo and in vitro matured canine oocytes. In vivo matured oocytes were collected 72 hr after ovulation by flushing fallopian tubes after laparotomy. Ovaries were collected from bitches with different reproductive stages, and collected oocytes were divided into 2 groups according to the size viz. < 120 microm and > 120 microm in diameter and cultured for 72 hr in Tissue Culture Medium-199 supplemented with 10% FBS, 2.2 mg/ml sodium bicarbonate, 2.0 microg/ml estrogen, 0.5 microg/ml FSH, 0.03 IU/ml hCG, and 1% penicillin-streptomycin solution in the presence or absence of 50 microM beta-mercaptoethanol. GSH concentrations were determined by the dithionitrobenzoic acid-glutathione disulfide (DTNB-GSSG) reductase recycling assay. GSH concentrations of immature canine oocytes were 2.9 and 3.8, 3.5 and 6.8, and 3.1 and 6.5 pM/oocyte for < 120 microm and > 120 microm in diameter oocyte groups at anestrous, follicular and luteal stage, respectively (P<0.05). In vivo matured oocytes had significantly higher GSH concentrations compared with in vitro matured oocytes. The GSH content was 19.2 pM/oocyte for in vivo matured oocytes, while 4.1 to 8.1 and 5.7 to 13.2 pM/oocyte for in vitro matured oocytes cultured in the absence or presence of beta-mercaptoethanol, respectively (P<0.05). Presence of beta-mercaptoethanol increased GSH synthesis in canine oocytes cultured in vitro, and oocytes collected from follicular and luteal stage was superior to anestrus oocytes.     

Two-level Fuzzy Method for Evaluation of the Supplier''s System in Automobile Industry

This paper analyses the importance of the suppliers' evaluation in automobile industry. Based the conception of system, all the corporations' suppliers are regarded as an integer. On condition that the corporation has evaluated the single supplier's performance, the model for evaluate the performance of supplier's system is established, the performance by two-level fuzzy method is evaluated. Finally, the method sets with an example as the illustration.     

Pd Pattern Recognition Based on Linear Discriminant Analysis in GIS

According to the character of PD in GIS, the authors design four kinds of GIS defection models. The GIS gray intensity images are constructed based on mass specimens gathered by the ultra - high frequency and high speeds systems, Aiming at the PD characteristics and its defections, A PCA-FDA method is put forward based on PD images. The principal component analysis is employed to condense the dimension of PD images, then the optimal sets of statistically uncorrelated discriminant vectors are extracted, and the minimum distance classifier is constructed as classifier. The identified results show that this method can effectively elevated the discrimination of the four kinds of defects in GIS PD.     

Simulation Propagation of Partial Discharge UHF Signals in Transformer

Many factors affect the propagation of ultra high frequency(UHF) signals caused by partial discharge(PD) on the waveforms and energy of signals in transformer.To investigate the relationshi Pof factors and UHF signals,simulation model of transformer for PD study are established.UHF signals in simulation model of transformer caused by PD are calculated using finite difference time domain method.By means of amplitude and cumulative energy plot of simulation signals,and combing the measured result,the following factors:distance between PD source and detection position,different metallic conductor position around detection position and iron core and winding are researched,which contribute to comprehend the propagation characteristic of UHF signals and detect UHF signals accurately.     

Detecting System of the Dielectric Loss in Capacitive Equipment Based on Virtual Instruments

A digital detecting system of the dielectric loss in the capacitive equipment is introduced based on virtual instruments.This system can real-time collect,analyze,process and storage electrical signals with National Instruments' program LabVIEW and ADLINK,s DAQ board.Through the simulation test in lab and the real test in electric substation,it is shown that this system has high accuracy on testing the dielectric loss in the capacitive equipment,the real test data is stable and the relative error of real dielectric loss is less than 5%.It is to say that this system can meet the requirement of the real on-line monitoring.     

离心式泥浆泵水力设计探讨

介绍了一种适用于水利工程全方施工的立式泥浆泵，并根据该泵的特点，对其水力设计方法作了初步探讨。     

江苏省水稻节水灌溉技术推广模式

针对江苏省稻作区水资源、土壤、气候的特点 ,选择浅湿灌溉、浅湿调控灌溉、控制灌溉、水稻旱作灌溉等 4种技术因地制宜进行推广。在灌溉过程中 ,建立和完善了一整套的组织措施和技术措施 ,形成了江苏省水稻节水灌溉技术推广模式 ,取得了显著的效果 ,丰富了水稻节水灌溉技术推广的内容     

基于距离反比法的土壤盐分三维空间插值研究

以新疆兵团一块面积约70 hm2的盐碱地为研究对象,采用EM38与土钻取样相结合的方法得到了126个点不同土层(0~200 cm)的1 386个土壤盐分数据,应用三维距离反比法(3D-IDW)对土壤盐分进行了空间插值,探讨了垂向坐标扩大倍数和搜索点数对插值结果精度的影响。结果表明,研究区0~140 cm土层盐分平均含量较高,为1.84~2.11 g/kg,盐分变异较大,而140~200 cm土层盐分平均含量较低,为1.74~1.79 g/kg。所有土层盐分含量的统计特征值(平均值、标准差和变异系数等)均随土层加深而呈现递减的趋势。土壤盐分实测值和估计值的均方根误差随垂向坐标扩大倍数的增大而减小,随搜索点数的增加而增大,其值在0.1~0.4 g/kg范围内变化,当垂向坐标扩大300倍、搜索点数为6个时,插值效果较优。采用确定的参数对研究区的土壤盐分进行了三维空间插值,结果表明土壤盐分空间分布特征与实测值比较吻合,大部分区域土壤盐分含量小于2.5 g/kg,靠近北部和南部边界区土壤含盐量较低,属于非盐化土区,而大于4 g/kg盐化土主要分布在中间和南部局部区域。研究区80%土壤为非盐化土和轻度盐化土,20%为中度和重度盐化土。影响该区盐化土分布的主要因素有灌溉、局部地形、粘土层位置、地下水埋深和矿化度。当不同方向的取样间距相差很大时,选取合适的垂向坐标扩大倍数和搜索点数对保障3D-IDW法的插值结果精度至关重要。     

电力系统日有功优化调度的工程化软件与应用

随着电力市场的逐步建立和电力供需形势的变化，电力系统的优化调度具备了可行条件；同时，由于电力部门运作带有的计划性，需要开发出实用有效的、涉及多种人为调控约束的工程化方法用于实际生产。针对上述需要，建立了考虑若干为调控约束的日有功优化调度工程化模型，提出了基于专家规则、优先顺序和动态规划法的工程化算法，并开发了相应的工程化软件。该软件已在陕西电网成功运行一年，取得了显著的效益。     

典型旱作农田土壤氧化亚氮排放的氨氧化微生物相对贡献

氨氧化过程对氧化亚氮（N2O）排放具有重要贡献。在不同土壤类型和农田管理下,氨氧化微生物类群对N2O排放的相对贡献组成规律还缺乏系统的研究。本研究选取典型农田耕层土壤（潮土、黑土、砖红壤）,以及有机肥改良的砖红壤剖面土壤,采用选择性抑制法（乙炔和辛炔）研究氨氧化细菌（AOB）、氨氧化古菌和全程硝化菌（AOA+comammox）以及异养硝化菌对土壤硝化潜势、净硝化速率及N2O排放的相对贡献。结果表明,在耕层土壤中,潮土、黑土和砖红壤的pH分别是8.0、6.7和5.7,硝化潜势分别是N 32.5、6.6和4.8 mg?kg-1?d-1,净硝化速率分别是N 7.1、3.0和0.5 mg?kg-1?d-1,7天N2O累积排放量分别是N 38.0、35.4和8.7 μg?kg-1。AOB主导耕层土壤的硝化潜势,对硝化潜势的贡献分别是82%、58%和100%。对于净硝化速率,在潮土和砖红壤中,AOB和AOA+comammox贡献相当（均在30%~40%）,而黑土中由AOB主导（72%）。AOB主导耕层土壤的N2O排放,对N2O排放的贡献分别是72%、92%和58%。在改良的砖红壤剖面土壤中,在0~20 cm、20~40 cm和40~60 cm,pH分别是7.0、5.5和4.9,硝化潜势分别是N 6.6、2.0和1.1 mg?kg-1?d-1,净硝化速率分别是N 4.1、0.9和0.2 mg?kg-1?d-1,N2O排放分别是N 16.3、6.5和2.8 mg?kg-1?d-1。随土壤由深层至表层,硝化潜势、净硝化速率及N2O排放显著提高。AOA+comammox主导表层硝化潜势及净硝化速率的提高（分别贡献63%和54%）,AOB主导N2O排放的增加（贡献54%）。本研究为制定与土壤氨氧化特性及土壤性质相匹配的N2O减排措施提供了新的科学依据。