Spontaneous combustion identification of stored wet cotton using a C80 calorimeter

Many cotton fires were caused by spontaneous combustion, to identify the possible cause of such fires, a C80 microcalorimeter was employed in this paper. The cotton samples, dry or wetted, were sealed and heated from ambient temperature to 300 °C at a 0.2 °C min⁻¹ heating rate. The result indicated that the dry cotton may not be the self-heating materials, but once it is wetted, its thermal stability is decreased with lower onset temperature and with larger heat generation, which can result to spontaneous combustion. It is speculated that microbiological degradation of cotton fibers has the potential to evolve methane and/or oxygen that in vapor phase could lead to spontaneous combustion. And therefore, it is confirmed that C80 can be used as an effective instrument to identify the cause of cotton spontaneous combustion fire.     

黄芪根瘤菌原生质体形成的初步研究

Ｒ０２３菌株属于革兰氏阴性菌。由于革兰氏阴性菌具有外壁层，可以防止溶菌酶和青霉素的侵入，保护肽聚糖。因此，要想使其细胞壁溶解较为困难。本文报道了制备Ｒ０２３菌株原生质体的方法。     

普通鲻鱼雌雄同体现象的观察

本文用组织学方法研究了当年池养普通鲻鱼(Mugil cephalus Linne)的雌雄同体现象。描述了精卵巢发育情况，随着月份不同，雌雄生殖细胞的比例有明显变化，10月份雌性生殖细胞占优势，到了12月份雄性生殖细胞占优势。这种现象称中间性现象(Intersexuality)，也即存在性转逆(Sex-reversal)；属于偶然的雌雄同体(Accidental hermaphroditism)．也是幼期的雌雄同体(Juvenile hermaphroditism)     

土壤中磷的存在形态及分级方法研究进展

土壤中的磷直接决定植物生长发育和作物产量,但磷在土壤中的存在形态复杂,能被植物吸收利用的磷形态占全磷含量很少一部分。因此,研究土壤中磷的存在形态及分级方法对提高磷的作物利用效率、探寻提高磷有效性的途径、减少磷损失尤为重要。笔者通过查阅国内外文献报道,系统阐述了磷在土壤中的存在形态、影响磷有效性的影响因素和磷素分级方法等方面的研究进展。研究表明,磷在土壤中的存在形态包括无机磷和有机磷2类,被植物吸收利用的主要是无机磷中的水溶态磷,其他形态的磷很难被植物吸收利用,使得磷在土壤中的利用效率很低。导致磷利用效率低的因素有很多,主要有钙、铁、铝等离子、其他有机质、pH、温度、水分等,研究清楚各因素影响的机制加以改进,能有效提高磷的利用效率。同时,国内外学者不断对磷素分级方法进行完善改进,对磷有效形态的研究不断深入准确,目前,Bowman-Cole的有机磷分级法和Hedley的磷分级方法是应用最广泛的2种方法。     

标记免疫分析在农兽药残留检测中的应用研究进展

为了解标记免疫分析在农药和兽药残留检测中的应用发展情况。本研究介绍了放射免疫分析、酶免疫分析、荧光免疫分析、化学发光免疫分析以及胶体金免疫分析等标记免疫技术的基本原理,总结了这5种标记免疫技术的优缺点,概述了其在农药和兽药残留检测中的应用,并探讨了标记免疫分析存在的问题及未来的发展趋势。结果表明：标记免疫分析操作简便、特异灵敏、快速准确,能够为保证农产品的食用安全性提供有力的技术支撑,今后将成为农兽药等药物残留检测的主要技术之一。     

利用SNP芯片解析油菜杂交种丰油10号的遗传基础

为解析高产稳产油菜品种丰油10号的分子遗传学基础,利用油菜60K SNP芯片对丰油10号及包括其2个亲本在内的20份骨干亲本系进行了基因型分析。结果表明：20份骨干亲本系间的遗传距离变幅为0.123~0.463,平均为0.348。丰油10号母本22A和父本P087-2间遗传距离为0.375,高于平均遗传距离。聚类分析将20份骨干亲本系划分为4个类群,其中母本22A归在类群Ⅰ,父本P087-2归在类群Ⅳ。基因组比较发现杂交种丰油10号与母本22A的相似性比例为64.77%,与父本P087-2的相似性比例为62.89%,其中有30.78%的基因组杂合区段来源于双亲不同基因型间的组合。同时发现丰油10号与父母本在19条染色体上的多态性比例存在比较大的差异。该研究为后续油菜品种的选育提供理论指导。     

气调冷藏对龙眼保鲜品质的影响

以提高龙眼果实保鲜质量为目的,采用可控气体成分调节方法,温度、湿度和气体成分全自动控制,以普通冷藏为对照对龙眼进行气调保鲜。研究了气调冷藏对龙眼果实保鲜效果、果实营养成分及理化指标的影响。结果表明,通过降低贮藏环境中的O2含量,提高CO2浓度,可有效抑制龙眼果实的呼吸作用,延缓了果实的衰老与变质,保鲜效果好,商品率高。     

丹皮酚对LLO诱导大鼠肠黏膜微血管内皮细胞分泌NO、ET-1的影响

为了研究李斯特菌溶血素(LLO)对大鼠肠黏膜微血管内皮细胞(RIMVECs)分泌一氧化氮（NO）、内皮素-1（ET-1）的影响,阐释作为治疗李斯特菌病方剂中单味中药丹皮的有效成分丹皮酚(Pae)调节LLO诱导细胞分泌紊乱的作用机理,试验将培养的RIMVECs分为LLO+Pae组、LLO组、Pae组、空白组,通过MTT比色法测定细胞生长情况;硝酸还原酶法测定细胞上清液细胞因子NO浓度以及酶联免疫法检测ET-1浓度;并用原位杂交方法对结果进行验证;结果显示LLO组与其他各组相比：细胞增殖显著性下降;12小时内,NO、ET-1分泌量高于正常水平,并导致NO／ET-1比值失衡（下降）;而LLO+Pae组NO/ET-1的比值显著上调;由此可见,Pae可以通过改善LLO引起细胞因子NO、ET-1失衡,有效调节细胞微环境,部分解释了中药丹皮治疗李斯特菌病的作用机理。     

Influence of Distributed Drainage on Reservoir Water Temperature Field Under Reservoir Water Source Heat Pump System

By adopting fluid calculation software to establish three dimensional reservoir model and simulating reservoir's natural temperature on design day, the measured temperature was used to correct and treated as the initial condition. According to the annual hourly calculation load of villa cluster, dynamic water temperature and flow were used as boundary conditions. Inputted water surface heat transfer conditions were identified by user defined function based on the data of typical meteorological year. For the distributed drainage combining the discharge network and rainwater pipe network and traditional integrated drainage of reservoir water source heat pump system, dynamic numerical simulation of the water temperature field was conducted. The results show that water's temperature rises 0.33℃ weekly when integrated drainage is adopted and the temperature rises 0.16℃ when distributed drainage is adopted. There is obvious heat accumulation phenomenon when continuous drainage in narrow area works. The simulation of intake water temperature shows that below perennial water level 4.6m depth, the intake water temperature is between 27~23.5℃ from July to October, in which the heat pump system operates efficiently.