蜂胶乳液蒸气雾化吸入对急性咽喉炎治疗效果的观察

应用0.5%蜂胶乳液蒸气雾化吸入治疗急性咽喉炎165例,显效以上131例,占79.39%;与常规用药蒸气雾化吸入治疗177例,显效以上149例,占84.18%进行比较,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。观察证明,蜂胶具有明显抗菌、抗病毒及镇痛作用,对急性咽喉炎疗效满意。     

虾青素的开发与应用

虾青素 (Ａｓｔａｘａｎｔｈｉｎ) ,又名虾黄质、龙虾壳色素 ,化学名称为 3,3’ -二羟基 - β ,β -胡萝卜素 -4,4’ -二酮 ,分子式为Ｃ40 Ｈ52 Ｏ4。它广泛存在于生物界中 ,特别是水产动物的虾、蟹、鱼和鸟类的羽毛中。虾青素是动物界中分布最广的一种叶黄素 ,呈粉红色 ,具有独特的着色功能 ,也能够促进抗体的产生 ,增强动物的免疫力 ,在抗氧化性、清除自由基方面能力强于 β -胡萝卜素。具有水不溶性和亲脂性 ,易溶于二硫化碳、丙酮、苯和氯仿等有机溶剂。虾青素是一种极具潜力的类胡萝卜素添加剂 ,在食品、饲料、化妆品、医药等领域有着…     

Different responses of soil CO2 and N2O emissions to simulated N deposition in forests with divergent N transformation characteristics

CO₂ and N₂O are important greenhouse gases that are related to soil mineralization–immobilization turnover and nitrification. To explore the responses of CO₂ and N₂O emissions to N deposition in forests with different N transformation characteristics, CO₂ and N₂O fluxes were measured in two NH₄NO₃ fertilized plots. One plot was in a temperate pine plantation in Heilongjiang Liangshui National Nature Reserve (LS) with slow and minimally coupled mineralization–immobilization turnover and a high nitrification rate. The other plot was in a subtropical bamboo forest in the Fujian Daiyun Mountain National Nature Reserve (DY) in China with rapid and coupled mineralization–immobilization turnover but a low nitrification rate. The results showed that CO₂ emissions in the DY with a high mineralization rate were greater than those in the LS. Cumulative CO₂ emissions were significantly enhanced by N addition in DY, but in LS, they were not affected. The mean N₂O fluxes in the control were 0.010 and 0.008 mg N m^?2 hr^?1 for LS and DY, respectively. High N addition stimulated N₂O emissions in both LS and DY, but the response ratio for N₂O flux in LS (8.6) was larger than that in DY (2.9). These results suggested that soils with rapid and coupled mineralization–immobilization turnover are beneficial to CO₂ emissions and their positive response to N deposition. A high nitrification rate contributed to high N₂O emissions and the sensitive response of N₂O emissions to N deposition.     

氮肥对大麦灌浆期叶片光合性能的影响及其相关性分析

为探究氮肥对春大麦叶片光合性能的影响,以蒙啤3号和蒙啤5号两个品种为材料,研究不同施氮水平下内蒙古东部灌区春大麦灌浆期间叶片叶绿素（Chl）含量,叶绿素荧光参数（最大荧光F_m、最大光化学效率F_v/F_m、光化学猝灭系数q_P）,光合参数（净光合速率P_n、气孔导度G_s、蒸腾速率T_r）的动态变化及其相关性。结果表明:随着灌浆时间延长,不同氮肥处理两品种大麦叶片Chl含量、F_m、F_v/F_m、q_P均呈先升高后降低的趋势,P_n、G_s、T_r均呈下降趋势;随着施氮水平升高,叶片Chl含量、F_m、F_v/F_m、q_P、P_n、G_s、T_r均逐渐升高。相关分析结果显示,叶片Chl含量、F_m、F_v/F_m、q_P、P_n、G_s、T_r间均呈极显著正相关关系。显示增施氮肥可促进大麦灌浆期间叶片光合性能。本研究为优质高产大麦生产实践提供理论依据。     

林业科技对集体林权制度改革的影响分析

通过对全国重点林改省份林业科技推广服务机构建设情况的介绍,分析了林业科技的发展对林改实施作用效果的影响,并对进一步完善林业科技推广服务体系提出对策建议。     

重庆市主要农作物种质资源数据库平台构建研究

农作物种质资源数据库平台构建是提高资源利用率的有效途径,提出了构建重庆市主要农作物种质资源数据库平台的设计思路,根据重庆市典型的10种主要农作物种质数据采集需求和规范,研制了基于Web网络的后台采集录入功能和前台展示查询功能的共享平台,实现了重庆市主要农作物种质资源数据资源的网络共享。     

Immunological determination of faecal haemoglobin concentrations in dogs

Faecal haemoglobin (Hb) concentrations in apparently healthy experimental Beagle dogs and in dogs of various breeds kept in private households or at breeders were measured by reversed passive latex agglutination (RPLA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in an effort to define the physiological concentrations of faecal Hb in the dog. In 88% (53) of 60 experimental Beagle dogs (30 males and 30 females), the RPLA titres were 1:2 and 1:8 and the faecal Hb concentrations ranged from 40.0 to 431.5 (mean 184.1±92.6) g/g faeces by ELISA. No significant difference was found in Hb levels or RPLA titres between males and females. Seven dogs (12%) had significantly greater RPLA titres and Hb concentrations by ELISA than the remaining dogs. In 84% (45) of the 53 dogs kept in private households or at breeders, the RPLA titres were >1:1 to 1:8 and the faecal Hb concentrations ranged from 7.1 to 456.7 (mean 137.5±128.7) g/g faeces in ELISA. Eight of these dogs (15.1% of 53 dogs) had significantly greater RPLA titres and Hb concentrations by ELISA than the remaining dogs. There were no significant differences between the Beagles and dogs kept in private households or at breeders. In conclusion, in 98 (86.7% of 113) dogs the physiological concentrations of RPLA titres were >1:1 to 1:8 and the faecal Hb concentrations were 143.5–185.1 g/g (95% confidence level). Approximately 13.3% of apparently healthy dogs had higher faecal Hb concentrations, suggesting the presence of subclinical haemorrhages. Four dogs suffering from colorectal cancer also had high faecal Hb concentrations.     

基于改进残差网络的黑毛猪肉新鲜度识别方法

为了提高黑毛猪肉新鲜度的识别准确率,提出基于改进残差网络和迁移学习的黑毛猪肉新鲜度识别方法。首先,根据猪肉的微生物菌体浓度、大肠菌菌体浓度和pH值,结合国家标准,将猪肉新鲜度分为7个类别;然后,将ResNet-50模型用PfidSet数据集训练,使其具有抽取图像特征的能力,利用模型迁移和模型微调对ResNet-50模型进行改进,即用一个3层的自适应网络取代ResNet-50模型的全连接层和分类层,再使用在PfidSet上训练的网络参数初始化改进的ResNet-50模型权重,运用LReLu-Softplus作为自适应网络的激活函数;最后,将改进ResNet-50模型在猪肉样品的图像数据集上学习得到的知识,迁移到黑毛猪肉新鲜度识别任务。选取7类共计23 427幅黑毛猪肉图像组成样本集,从样本集中随机选择80%的样本用作训练集、其余20%用作测试集进行测试,试验结果表明,迁移学习能够明显提高模型的收敛速度和识别性能,数据扩充有助于增加数据的多样性,避免出现过拟合现象,在迁移学习和数据扩充方式下的总体识别准确率达到94. 5%,是一种高效的猪肉新鲜度识别方法。     

不同鸡种胚胎腿肌差异表达mRNA和lncRNA的筛选及其竞争性调控网络的构建

旨在筛选藏鸡和大恒肉鸡胚胎期骨骼肌差异表达的mRNA和lncRNA,并构建lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA竞争性调控网络,为进一步探讨两个鸡品种骨骼肌生长发育速度的差异机制奠定基础。随机选取已孵化18 d的藏鸡和大恒肉鸡胚胎各3个,采集胚胎腿肌组织进行转录组测序。筛选两个品种中差异表达的mRNAs和lncRNAs,对差异表达基因进行GO和KEGG富集分析,并对lncRNA的靶标miRNA以及靶向mRNA的miRNA进行预测,筛选与肌肉发育相关的mRNA和lncRNA构建lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA竞争性调控网络,最后利用实时荧光定量PCR (qRT-PCR)对测序结果进行验证。结果显示,共有106个mRNAs在两个品种中差异表达,其中上调表达mRNAs 48个,下调表达mRNAs 58个。差异表达lncRNAs共有28个,其中10个上调,18个下调。差异表达mRNA的GO富集结果显示,骨骼肌细胞分化条目被显著富集,KEGG富集分析中脂质代谢通路被显著富集。lncRNA靶基因的KEGG富集结果显示,在10个显著富集通路中,有基因显著富集于类固醇生物合成和脂肪酸生物合成等与脂质代谢...     

免疫刺激后小鼠肝脏内参基因稳定性研究

实时定量PCR技术现已广泛应用于细胞或组织mRNA转录水平的检测和半定量。选择合适的内参基因可以消除不同标本在RNA的产量、质量以及逆转录效率上可能存在的差别,从而获得目标基因特异性表达的真正差异。本试验应用实时定量PCR技术,研究小鼠在经过免疫刺激后,B2M、ACTB、GAPDH、SDHA、HPRT1和ARBP共6个内参基因在肝脏中的表达情况。结果表明,这6个内参基因表达存在差异。经过geNorm程序统计学分析,确定了ACTB、GAPDH两个看家基因适用于校正目标基因的表达量,为研究小鼠免疫刺激后肝脏目标基因的表达奠定基础。