水果检测装置夹持臂的有限元分析

夹持翻转机构是大型水果无损检测装置的关键部件,主要功能是夹持哈密瓜后翻转,对其瓜体全表面进行图像采集,为无损检测分析提供数据。图像采集对机构的稳定性要求较高,其强度和稳定性直接影响检测效果。为此,运用Pro/E建立了检测装置的三维模型,并用有限元分析软件ANSYS对夹持翻转机构进行了不同工况下的静态分析及模态分析,得到夹持臂在工作时的应力应变云图及模态频率。分析表明,影响夹持机构振动特性的模态频率主要集中在8Hz左右,为其机构设计与优化提供了理论依据。     

耕深电子测量和显示装置的设计与试验研究

提出了一种基于角度传感器自动测量农机具耕深的方法。以悬挂机构位置和提升臂转角的几何对应关系为基础,通过检测提升臂的转角变化,推导出耕深值与测量电压值之间的线性关系并换算得到实际耕深。相对于其他耕深检测方式,该方法具有集成度高、封装小、安装和维护方便的特点。安装在驾驶室里的显示模块可为使用者提供实时数据,有利于使用者及时调整耕深,以保证拖拉机翻耕的质量。     

TMS320DM642汇编优化方法在棉种在线筛选系统应用

为了提高基于机器视觉的棉种在线筛选系统的筛选效率,介绍了使用汇编语言优化TMS320DM642程序的几种方法。优化过程中利用了软件流水并实现了"扩展指令的使用""延时间隙的利用""循环展开""并行指令使用"等多种方法。其中"扩展指令的使用"优化了原有的处理算法;"延时间隙的利用"和"循环展开"消除了循环内多余的NOP语句;"并行指令的使用"和软件流水技术提高了DSP8个功能单元的利用率。实验使用图像尺寸为215*640像素的YUV格式图像数据,优化前处理一帧图像用时16.76ms,优化后为1.03ms,优化部分代码执行时间缩短为原来的1/16,充分证明了使用优化方法大大缩短了代码的执行时间,提高了整体系统的实时性,并为后续的复杂算法提供时间保障。     

Study on the Change Rule of Egg Yolk Antibody in Laying Hens after First Immunization by Japanese Encephalitis Virus

The purpose of this experiment was to study the immunization rule of the egg yolk antibody affected by different vaccines,immunization dose and injection ways and further to discuss the optimal immunization procedures of the laying hens for the preparation of egg yolk antibody against swine Japanese encephalitis virus.180 brown laying hens without any vaccines were selected and divided into 18 groups randomly,each group of 10 hens.Groups 1,2 were the control groups,injected with the sterile saline;Groups 3 to 10 were injected with subcutaneous or intramuscular injection,and the vaccine was injected with 0.2,0.5,1.0 and 1.5 mL successively.Groups 11 to 18 were also adopted two kinds of injection,followed by the same dose of vaccine immunization.Six eggs of each experimental group were gathered before immune day and after 3,7,10,14,18,21 and 28 days,the egg yolk antibody was extracted and the titer was determined.As a result,the egg yolk antibody titers of groups 1 to 6,11 and 12 were all 0,and no significant immune response produced;The hens from 7 to 10 groups were injected with the inactivated vaccine.After 7 days,the average antibody titer reached the peak,and the duration of the antibody was 14 days.The hens from 13 to 18 groups were injected with the attenuated virus vaccine.After 14 days,the average antibody titer reached the highest value,and the duration of the antibody was 21 days.The egg yolk antibody titers were not significantly different in the two compared experiment groups with the same injection dose but with different injection ways (P>0.05).With the same injection way of each experiment group,and the difference was significant (P>0.05).Compared with some groups with the same injection and vaccine,the titer of yolk antibody was gradually increased with the increase of the immune dose,and the difference was significant (P<0.05).The results showed that,no matter intramuscular or subcutaneous injection,in order to produce a significant immune response to hens,the immune antigen dose was 1.0 mL inactivated vaccine or 0.5 mL attenuated vaccine at least.Compared with the attenuated and inactivated vaccine,inactivated vaccine stimulated the body to produce the antibody faster,but the maintenance time was shorter;The lower dose of attenuated vaccine could stimulate the body to produce antibodies,but the speed was slower,the maintenance time was longer.     

Nanosize of zinc oxide and the effects on zinc digestibility,growth performances,immune response and serum parameters of weanling piglets

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of nanosize zinc on zinc digestibility, growth performances, immune response and serum parameters of weanling piglets. Ninety‐six LYD weanling piglets were assigned to control, zinc oxide (ZnO), organic‐Zn (Zn‐methionine) and nanosize ZnO (nano‐Zn) groups with four replicates. The zinc was at the 120 mg/kg level in the treatment group's diet, while the control group's was 80 mg/kg Zn. The experiment results indicated that the nano‐Zn and organic‐Zn groups had significantly higher Zn digestibility compared to the ZnO and control groups. For the immune response traits, the IgG level and goat red blood cells (GRBC) antibody titer were nano‐Zn and organic‐Zn>ZnO>control; in the phytohemagglutinin (PHA) challenge test result, nano‐Zn>organic‐Zn>ZnO>control; in regard to the γ‐globulin level, nano‐Zn and organic‐Zn>ZnO and control, with significant difference between groups. In the serum parameters aspect, serum Zn concentration in nano‐Zn and organic‐Zn groups were higher than in the ZnO and control groups, serum growth hormone concentration was increased in the nano‐Zn group than in the other groups. In conclusion, nanosize zinc oxide for dietary supplementation can increase zinc digestibility, serum growth hormone levels and carbonic anhydrase activity and enhance the immune response of weanling piglets.     

“新郁”葡萄离体再生体系的建立

以"新郁"葡萄组培苗为试材,采用离体再生方法,探究了IBA+6-BA及IBA+TDZ2种激素组合的8个浓度配比对"新郁"葡萄离体叶片、叶柄和茎段的愈伤组织诱导及再生的影响。此外,通过比较红光、白光、蓝光、暗培养转红光、暗培养转白光、暗培养转蓝光6种光照条件下愈伤组织的诱导效率及分化潜力,确定了最适宜"新郁"葡萄离体组织培养的光照条件。结果表明:"新郁"葡萄离体再生体系在以叶片为外植体时不定芽再生效率最高;在最适宜的外源激素组合IBA 0.2mg/mL+6-BA 2.0mg/mL诱导下,不定芽再生率可达34.9%。6种光照条件中,以暗培养3周后转红光培养不定芽再生效果最佳,再生率、平均再生芽数、愈伤组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和干物质含量均高于其它光质。     

梨新鲜度与其挥发性成分的关系研究

以砀山酥梨为试材,采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用(HS-SPME-GC-MS)技术,分析了砀山酥梨在(4±1)℃条件下挥发性成分的变化,检测了砀山酥梨可溶性固形物、硬度、酸度等新鲜度指标,探讨了砀山酥梨新鲜度与其挥发性成分之间的关系。结果表明:新鲜砀山酥梨在(4±1)℃条件下的保鲜时间为42d,其特征性气味成分主要为正己醇、1-辛醇;不新鲜砀山酥梨的特征性气味成分为2-甲基丁基乙酸酯、硅酸四乙酯、异戊醇、正己醇、1-辛醇、香叶基丙酮,且砀山酥梨由新鲜变为不新鲜时的阈值分别为1.57、2.74、1.39、15.15、211.13、2.36μg/L。试验结果为通过气味判断砀山酥梨的新鲜度提供了理论参考。     

西藏设施番茄晚疫病病原菌鉴定及生物学特性研究

以具典型晚疫病症状的番茄病叶为试材,采用薯片夹叶分离法对病原菌进行分离,测定了不同培养基、pH、温度、碳源、氮源对菌丝生长、产孢的影响,通过病原菌鉴定和生物学特性研究,以期为西藏设施番茄晚疫病发生及防治提供理论依据。结果表明:引起设施番茄晚疫病的病原菌为致病疫霉菌Phytophthora infestans(Mont)de Bary。病菌菌丝在大多数培养基上均能良好生长,其中RSA培养基最适宜菌丝生长及产孢;菌丝生长和产孢的最适温度范围为18℃,最适生长pH 6~7;菌丝对碳源的利用,以可溶性淀粉最好,麦芽糖最差;在氮源利用方面,菌丝在以脯氨酸为氮源的查氏培养基上生长最快,在精氨酸、胱氨酸和氯化铵上不生长。孢子囊的致死温度为55℃,15min。     

冬季马铃薯控释肥用量试验

在川西南冬季马铃薯种植区,开展马铃薯专用控释配方肥不同用量对青薯9号增产效应的对比试验。试验结果表明,以每667 m~2施用60 kg马铃薯专用控释配方肥作底肥为最佳施肥方案,该处理的平均单株质量、商品薯率最高,平均鲜薯产量为2 114.0 kg/667 m~2,比对照(不施肥)增产1 063.5 kg/667 m~2,增幅为101.2%。     

授粉技术和单株留瓜数对鄂丝瓜1号制种效果的影响

以鄂丝瓜1号的父、母本为试材,以父本当天上午开放的雄花为花粉来源,研究了授粉时间、花粉供给量和单株留瓜数对种子产量和质量的影响。试验结果表明,母本雌花开放的当天上午和开花前1 d上午均可作为鄂丝瓜1号制种的适宜授粉时间;以1朵雄花为3朵雌花进行授粉为鄂丝瓜1号制种的首选花粉供给量;鄂丝瓜1号制种中,1株母本可以留5~6个种瓜。