Corticosterone administration and dietary glucose supplementation enhance fat accumulation in broiler chickens

1. The effects of exogenous corticosterone administration and glucose supplementation on energy intake, lipid metabolism and fat deposition of broiler chickens were investigated. 2. A total of 144 three-d-old male chickens were randomly assigned to one of the following 4 treatments for 7 d: a low energy diet (10.9 MJ ME/kg, 200 g/kg CP) with or without corticosterone (30 mg/kg diet) and drinking water supplemented with glucose (80 g/l) or saccharine (2 g/l, control). 3. Body weight (BW) gain and breast and thigh muscle yields (% body mass) were all significantly decreased by corticosterone treatment. The relative cumulative feed intake (RCFI) and relative ME intake (RMEI), rather than the feed (FI) or ME intake (MEI) were increased by corticosterone administration. Both feed efficiency (FE) and caloric efficiency (CE) were decreased by corticosterone administration. Corticosterone administration had no obvious effect on water consumption. 4. Glucose supplementation had no influence on BW gain and breast and thigh muscle yield (as % of body mass). FI or RCFI was decreased while MEI or RMEI was increased by glucose supplementation. FE was improved by glucose treatment, whereas CE was reduced. 5. Liver weight and abdominal, cervical and thigh fat deposits were all significantly increased by either corticosterone or glucose treatment. 6. Plasma concentrations of glucose, urate, triglyceride, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), very low density lipoprotein and insulin were all significantly increased by corticosterone treatment. Glucose supplementation had no obvious influence on any of the measured plasma parameters except for NEFA, which were significantly increased. 7. Lipoprotein lipase activities in either cervical or abdominal adipose tissues, rather than in thigh fat tissue, were significantly elevated by either glucose or corticosterone treatment.     

一种大豆SNP分型新方法

单核苷酸多态性(SNP)在大豆基因组中分布广泛,SNP分型是大豆SNP遗传作图,关联分析、分子标记辅助选择等研究的重要技术.本文以Rhg4基因开发的5个SNP为例,介绍了一种大豆SNP分型的新方法-片段长度差异等位基因特异性PCR(FLDAS-PCR).采用AS-PCR原理,针对某个SNP位点设计2条相差4-5bp的特异引物和1个公用引物,PCR产物约100bp或150bp,2种等位基因型PCR产物相差4-5bp,在2个特异引物3'端第3和4碱基位置分别人为引入错配碱基来提高PCR特异性,通过6%变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳可将纯合和杂合基因型检测出来.探讨了特异引物浓度和退火温度对Rhg4-1592扩增效果的影响,研究表明,可通过调整特异引物浓度和退火温度优化扩增效果.FLDAS-PCR对18份种质分型结果与PCR产物克隆测序法一致,表明本研究建立的FLDAS-PCR法是一种简便、快捷、新型的大豆SNP分型方法.     

鸡白痢沙门氏菌与鸡伤寒沙门氏菌基因组消减文库的构建

为了解鸡白痢沙门氏菌与鸡伤寒沙门氏菌的基因组差别,筛选鸡白痢沙门氏菌特有的序列,利用SSH对鸡白痢沙门氏菌C79-13（实验方）与鸡伤寒沙门氏菌Sg9（驱动方）基因组进行了比较。选择四碱基内切酶Rsa I将C79-13与Sg9基因组DNA酶切,酶切的C79-13基因组DNA分成两份,分别与接头1和接头2R连接,然后进行两轮杂交和两轮PCR ,得到消减混合物, 将其与PCR?2.1克隆载体连接,转化感受态E.coli DH5α建立消减文库。结果共获得400个阳性克隆;筛选240个克隆制备质粒进行PCR检测,均扩增出100～2000 bp大小的片段。差异DNA消减文库的构建为进一步筛选、克隆鸡白痢沙门氏菌特异的未知新基因、建立分子鉴别新体系奠定了基础。     

Genetic characterization and evolutionary analysis of 4 Newcastle disease virus isolate full genomes from waterbirds in South China during 2003-2007

Complete genomes of four Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains, isolated from ducks and wild birds in Guangdong province of China from 2003 to 2007, were sequenced and analyzed in this study. Pathogenicity tests in chicken embryos and chickens illustrate that D3 and R8 are lentogenic, and W4 and P4 are mesogenic strains. Phylogenetic analysis using all six genes provides a high resolution profile for genotype designation as genotype I for D3 and R8 strains and genotype VI for W4 and P4 strains. In addition, molecular dating based on different genes suggests that D3 and R8 diverged from their common ancestor at around 1998; W4 and P4 diverged from their common ancestor at around 1999. Subsequent selective pressure analysis displayed specific traits of genes evolution in all 4 strains since their divergence from the recent common ancestor. Furthermore, the geographic origins of 4 strains were deduced to be from Europe via two independent introduction events by phylogeographical analysis. This provides insights to the potential influence of waterfowl migration on NDV epidemiology.     

粗酶制剂对雏鹅消化器官发育的影响

选用１８只７日龄雏鹅,随机分成对照组和试验两组,饲以大麦（占４５％）基础日粮,试验组添加０．１％的Ｂｉｏｋｙｏｗａ粗酶制剂。实验期为７－２１日龄,２１日龄时宰杀,称量消化腺和消化道重量,并测定小肠食糜上清液的粘度。结果显示：与对照组相比较,试验组雏鹅胰腺和肝脏的相对重量较对照组分别轻３１．２５％（Ｐ〈０．０１）和９．７５％（Ｐ〈０．０５）,胃（肌胃＋腺胃）较对照组低１０．７９％（Ｐ〈０．０５）,十     

黑松容器苗快速培育技术研究

黑松(ＰｉｎｕｓｔｈｕｎｂｅｒｇｉｉＰａｒｌ)原产日本及朝鲜,在我国的辽宁、河北、山东、江苏、浙江等省均有栽培。黑松喜温暖湿润的海洋性气候,适应性强,抗海风耐瘠薄,在中性或微碱性、富含腐殖质的沙滩、海岸、山坡均能正常生长,是江北海岸防护林的主要构成树种。黑?..     

紫红笛鲷人工繁殖及育苗技术研究报告

利用海水土池或网箱养殖三龄以上的紫红笛鲷成鱼,于催产前三个月进行强化培育。在水温达到 20.0℃以上的春、夏季,用绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)和释放激素(LRH-A_(2-3))进行催产,混合或单一使用,剂量视亲鱼性腺成熟度而定。受精卵在盐度27.9-33.5,水温26.5-30.5℃,pH8.2的水环境中经15-17h孵化。开口仔鱼在土池水温27.2-35.5℃.盐度:23.5-35.6.pH8.0-9.5的条件下,经28-30d培育.鱼体全长为2.5-3.2cm,仔鱼变态完全,成为幼鱼。     

抑制素免疫对牛、羊繁殖力作用的研究进展

文章综述了天然提纯,化学合成及重组等不同种类抑制素抗原免疫对牛、羊繁殖力的影响.近年来抑制素疫苗作为多胎疫苗的角色已越来越为人们所重视,其免疫原性同抗原本身一些因素如纯度、免疫原性、异原性、免疫剂量有关.     

Relative and Absolute Stereochemistry of Diacarperoxides: Antimalarial Norditerpene Endoperoxides from Marine Sponge Diacarnus megaspinorhabdosa

Five new norditerpene endoperoxides, named diacarperoxides H–L (1–5), and a new norditerpene diol, called diacardiol B (6), were isolated from the South China Sea sponge, Diacarnus megaspinorhabdosa. Their structures, including conformations and absolute configurations, were determined by using spectroscopic analyses, computational approaches and chemical degradation. Diacarperoxides H–J (1–3) showed some interesting stereochemical issues, as well as antimalarial activity.