草本化栽培杂交桑在种茧育上的应用研究

本试验以杂交桑“沙2×伦109”为材料,以普通桑园的湖桑32号片叶育为对照,就草本化栽培杂交桑在种茧育上应用的可行性进行了探讨。结果表明,在配合施用叶面肥0.2％PGH-X的情况下,供试杂交桑在原蚕生长发育、茧质及制种成绩方面与对照区相近或持平,说明原蚕饲养采用草本化栽培杂交桑及条桑二回育形式具有可行性。使用叶面肥0.15％PGH-D可使原蚕5龄期经过延长,对家蚕生长发育表现一定调控作用。     

Catheters: a review of the selection, utilisation and complications of catheters for peripheral venous access

Intravenous catheters are used for the administration of medications and fluids and are an integral part of veterinary practice. The aim of catheter use is to optimise administration of medication and minimise complications such as thrombus formation, thrombophlebitis and sepsis. Catheters made from teflon are less flexible, less durable and stimulate more tissue reaction than polyurethane or silicon. However silicon catheters are more expensive and complicated to insert. Generally, for veterinary practice, the biostability and cost of polyurethane catheters make them preferable for short and long-term use. The smallest diameter catheter should be selected to minimise internal vessel wall contact and irritation without compromising medication delivery. The site of insertion varies with individual preference, vessel access and patient compliance. The jugular, cephalic, saphenous, ear, lateral thoracic and subcutaneous abdominal veins are accessible. Hair removal and a thorough aseptic skin preparation should be performed prior to catheter insertion. Daily maintenance is required to detect complications and maximise catheter longevity. Potential complications include thrombus formation, thromboembolism, bacterial colonisation and septicaemia, blood loss and air embolism. Permanent or transient skin dwelling bacteria are commonly isolated if sepsis occurs. The development of novel antiseptic and antibiotic impregnated catheters may reduce the complications associated with catheter infection in the future.     

Potential role of N-carbamoyl glutamate in biosynthesis of arginine and its significance in production of ruminant animals

Arginine （ARG） exerts many beneficial effects on animal body and enhanced angiogenesis, lactogenesis, which finally leads to the improvement in nitrogen （N） metabolism, reproduction, lactation, immunity and growth. Unfortunately, unprotected ARG will be degraded in the rumen and its price is high, thus feeding rumen-protected ARG seems to be uneconomical. Alternatively, N-carbamoyl glutamate （NCG） is structural analogue of N-acetyl glutamate, cofactor of cabamoyl phosphate synthetasel, is lower in rumen degradation compared to ARG. Additionally, rumen epithelial and duodenal cells have potentially utilized the NCG for ureagenesis. Supplementation of NCG to high yielding dairy cows increased plasma concentration of ARG and nitric oxide, decreased the plasma ammonia N and improved lactation performance and N utilization. Supplementation of NCG enhanced pregnancy rates in rats, improved litter size and fetal survival rate, thereby improved the reproductive performance of sows. Oral NCG supplementation increases plasma ARG and somatotropin levels, and increased growth rate and muscle protein synthesis in nursing piglets. The NCG is potential a relatively cheaper source of feed additive to offer vital compensation over oral administration of ARG, resulting in improved ruminant animal health and production. In this article, we reviewed the mechanism of AfiG biosynthesis by NCG and their significance in growth, reproduction, milk production and N utilization in ruminant animals.     

立枯丝核菌侵染玉米的研究

 用获自水稻及玉米的立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani Khn) AG-11A接种玉米发生典型纹枯症状,其致病力显著强于AG-4。玉米拔节期,上位叶鞘抗性较强,抽雄及抽丝期抗性减弱,下位叶鞘无论在拔节期或抽雄、抽丝期,均较上位叶鞘感病。接种玉米后8小时,形成侵染垫及附着胞,从这些结构上形成侵入钉侵入,AG-4侵染上位叶鞘时,常以菌丝直接穿透表皮或从气孔侵入。在去掉菌体的叶鞘表面,发现有周边光滑或稍破损的侵入孔。接种后12小时,在叶鞘细胞中发现菌丝,它们在穿过细胞壁进入邻近细胞时,明显变细。接种后16小时,新生出的菌丝从气孔成丛出现。     

规模化猪场疫病传入的外部风险因素指标体系的初探

据实际调查,运用层次分析法,将疫病传入的各外界风险因素指标划分为目标层、准则层和分准则层三个层次。采用EXCEL软件进行数据统计,依次编辑各层次结构模型,构建各层次的判断矩阵和一致性检验。结果表明：猪场的管理措施、生物安全、场址是疫病传入的主要风险因素。据此确立了I级指标和II级指标,从而构建疫病传入的风险因素指标体系。     

搜爆训练中犬行为诊断

对犬在搜爆训练中的行为进行分析,可以正确判断犬在搜索中的工作状态,以便抓住根源纠正犬在训练中出现的问题,对提高带犬民警的指挥操作能力有着重要的意义.     

对动物防疫体系建设的思考

近来,动物防疫体系建设越来越成为社会关注的热点,各地对动物防疫体系建设的力度不断加大,对其管理模式进行了一些有益探索。笔者认为必须在以下几个问题上提高认识。1充分肯定动物防疫体系的历史作用,提高动物防疫体系建设重要性的认识动物防疫体系在过去50多年中对支持畜牧业     

彩信在水稻生长环境监测系统中的应用研究

为了解决农场园区水稻生长环境监测系统中没有接入有线互联网的问题,基于DELPHI平台开发使用短信查询,以彩信反馈的方式对园区水稻生长环境进行了实时监测。该系统可以随时随地使用手机监测农场园区水稻生长环境,为农场园区水稻生长环境监测数据提供了工具。     

离心泵理论扬程的计算

通过对不同滑移系数计算公式的比较与分析,揭示了滑移系数是离心泵理论扬程计算结果准确与否的关键,提出了对于不同比转数的离心泵滑移系数应采用不同的计算公式。以优秀离心泵为基础,采用回归分析法对离心泵理论扬程的计算进行了修正。计算实例表明:修正后的理论扬程公式计算结果更加准确,为工程实际应用提供了一种较为准确的计算方法。     

双叶片离心泵内动静干涉的三维PIV测量

为研究叶轮与蜗壳的动静干涉作用,采用三维PIV对一双叶片离心泵最优工况下叶轮流道内3个截面内的流动进行了测量,每个截面内测量9个叶片位置.结果表明：随着叶片与隔舌距离的不同,叶轮流道内的相对速度场和轴向速度场发生了明显的变化;当叶片在隔舌与蜗壳1断面间时,流道内的流量最小,相对速度场分布最为均匀;在前盖板附近吸力面的流道出口出现了低速区,形成了射流-尾迹结构,并在流道进口发现较强的轴向速度;当叶片随着旋转方向远离隔舌时,流道内的流量逐渐增大,在叶片压力面进口出现了流动分离并产生了旋涡,而流道出口的相对速度变得平稳,同时流道进口的轴向速度减弱;当叶片随着旋转方向靠近隔舌时,叶轮流道内的流量逐渐减小,流道进口的旋涡减弱并消失,流道出口的压力面附近相对速度降低,吸力面附近的相对速度增大,同时流道进口的轴向速度继续减弱.