硒增强雏鸡对IBD抵抗力机制的细胞免疫研究

为了解硒对雏鸡传染性法氏囊病（ＩＢＤ）抵抗大的影响及其细胞免疫机制，自１日龄起给雏鸡分别饲喂基础（含硒０．０８６ｍｇ／ｋｇ）、补硒０．３ｍｇ／ｋｇ和０．６ｍｇ／ｋｇ的不同日粮，于４９日龄采用微量全血培养￣３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入法测定其中自然发生ＩＢＤ后第１０天和正常对照雏鸡的Ｔ淋巴细胞转化率，并计算ＩＢＤ鸡死亡率。结果，两补硒组ＩＢＤ雏鸡死亡率显著低于基础日粮组ＩＢＤ雏鸡（Ｐ＜０．０１）；ＩＢＤ明显抑制雏鸡Ｔ淋巴细胞转化率（Ｐ＜０．０５；Ｐ＜０．０１）；补硒的正常对照雏鸡和ＩＢＤ雏鸡Ｔ淋巴细胞转化率分别高于各自基础日粮雏鸡（Ｐ＜０．０５；Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果显示补硒可提高雏鸡细胞免疫功能，从而增强雏鸡对ＩＢＤ抵抗力，降低雏鸡死亡率。     

壮蚕期不同的给桑量对蚕茧产量和质量的影响

本文利用不同的给桑量分别饲养四、五龄蚕,其结果表明:不同的龄期,给桑量对蚕茧的产量和质量的影响是不一致的.四龄期是影响和决定质量的主要时期,五龄是高产的最重要的环节.     

肉仔鸡生物素缺乏症的观测及生物素需要量的探讨

６４８只Ａｒｂｏｒ Ａｃｒｅｓ商品人七日龄肉雏鸡，饲以小麦基础日粮，分别添加生物素０、５０、１００、１５０．２００、３００（μｇ／ｋｇ日粮）组成６个处理。３周龄时各处理组的体重呈显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５），２周龄时添加量为０的处理组中开始有缺乏症的表现脚底粗躁干裂，随着日龄的增长，脚底形成溃疡，病变矢口程度随生物素添加量的提高而降低。生物素严重缺乏导致肝脏积累大量脂肪，未添加生物素组的肝脂含量显著高     

Intake and digestibility in sheep and chemical composition during different seasons of some West African browse species

Foliage of Afzelia africana, Pterocarpus erinaceus and Khaya senegalensis, from 10 trees per species, was collected every two weeks during the late dry, rainy and cool season to determine the seasonal effects on chemical composition. Fifteen rams of the Djallonké breed, weighing on average 20.0 kg, were used to evaluate the voluntary intake and digestibility of hay of A. gayanus, foliage of A. africana (as a sole feed), and A. africana, P. erinaceus and K. senegalensis offered with 30% of the diet as A. gayanus hay. The crude protein (CP) content of A. africana, and P. erinaceus decreased significantly from the late dry season to the cool season when that of K. senegalensis tended to increase. The mean CP of A. africana, P. erinaceus and K. senegalensis differed significantly (173 g, 139 g and 114 g/kg DM, respectively). The DM intake of A. africana offered with hay (571 g/d) or as a sole feed (598 g/d) were not significantly different, but was higher than that of P. erinaceus (428 g/d) and K. senegalensis (298 g/d). The digestibility calculated by difference of DM and CP of A. africana (582 g/kg DM and 795 g/kg CP, respectively) did not differ significantly from A. africana as a sole feed, but were higher than for the other species. The nutritive value of A. africana seems to justify the high preference of herders for this species.     

表观健康猪群携带猪链球菌2型毒力因子的分布特征

为了研究钦州市猪链球菌2型(SS2)的毒力因子分布特征,采用多重PCR方法对从我市健康猪扁桃体分离的11株SS2相关毒力基因——荚膜多糖(Cps2J),溶菌酶释放蛋白(Mrp),胞外蛋白因子(EF),溶血素(Sly),进行毒力基因检测。检测结果显示:毒力基因型为Mrp+epf+Sly+共有8株,毒力基因型为Mrp+epf+Sly-共有1株,这两种毒力基因型可归为强毒力基因型,占此次健康猪源毒株的81.8%;另外Mrp-epf-Sly-共有2株,属于弱毒和无毒基因型,占健康猪源毒株的18.2%。通过结果分析,预示我市目前SS2的主要流行菌株是同时具有4种毒力因子的高致病性菌株。     

河南省生猪屠宰违法行为治理成效分析

近年来,河南省以保障猪肉质量安全和群众身体健康为目标,通过采取充实屠宰监管力量,开展暗访巡查/飞行检查,强化技术手段、黑名单管理,启用畜禽屠宰监管平台等系列措施,严打屠宰领域违法行为,取得了明显成效。同时,也指出了当前存在企业主体责任落实不到位、监管存漏洞、法律法规不健全、行刑衔接不畅等问题。由此提出了推动主体责任落实、提升监督执法实效、健全完善法律法规、强化两法衔接、完善技术手段等对策思考。     

First report of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Neospora caninum</Emphasis> infection in cattle in Sudan

A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Sudan to determine sero-prevalence and risk factors associated with Neospora caninum infection in non-vaccinated dairy herds and to assess importance of the disease. Blood samples were collected from a total of 262 animals from 25 herds. Sera were tested for antibodies against N. caninum using ELISA test. The prevalence rates of N. caninum antibodies in cattle were high both at herd level (44%) and at individual animal level (10.7%). Herd level infection rates were similar in Khartoum State (43.7%) and at Gazira States (44.4%). The overall prevalence rates were higher (16.1%) in Gazira State than in Khartoum State (9%) but with no significant variation. The sero-prevalence at individual animal level was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in animals with history of abortion (12.8%) than in apparently healthy animal (11.3%), animal with history of infertility (8.1%), or neonatal death of calves (4.3%). In addition, significantly higher (P < 0.05) sero-prevalence was observed in samples collected during the rainy season (6.87%) than winter (3.05%) or summer (0.76%). However, no significant differences in sero-prevalence due to locality, animal breed, sex, and age were observed (p > 0.05). This preliminary study reveals for the first time the existence of natural N. caninum infection in Sudan. Also, the findings of the present study indicated that this disease is highly prevalent in two major areas of dairy production in the country, and this calls for control strategy to be implemented.     

肉仔鸡腹水综合征的病理形态学观察

近年来 ,本地区肉仔鸡生产发展迅速 ,鸡群时常发生腹水综合征。现将腹水综合征的病理形态学观察报告于后。1　发病情况　本病一年四季均有发生 ,尤以冬季、早春多发 ,临诊上常见 5日龄肉仔鸡开始发病死亡 ,每日死亡数不等 ,随着日龄的增长而增加 ,以 4～ 6周龄的发病死亡最多。     

菠萝皮发醇生产饲料蛋白的工艺条件研究

菠萝皮是菠萝加工产生的副产物,为了将菠萝加工企业废弃的菠萝皮有效利用,实现资源的再生,缓解目前蛋白饲料的不足,进行了本研究.结果表明,采用绿色木霉和产朊假丝酵母混合菌种发酵,添加麸皮20%、硫酸铵3%、尿素2%,料水比11,自然pH值,30℃发酵5 d,发酵后的饲料粗蛋白含量提高到25.38%,经水洗后的粗蛋白含量提高到17.03%,检测的16种氨基酸含量均有很大幅度的提高,其总和从2.89%提高到15.6%,提高率达到439.8%.产品气味芳香,适口性大为改善,可用做牛、羊和鱼等养殖的低蛋白能量饲料.     

甲酸钙的合成、测定及其在乳猪料中的应用

甲酸钙作为一种饲料添加剂,能降低和调节胃肠道pH值、促进营养物质的消化和吸收。本文系统介绍了甲酸钙的合成和检测方法,并介绍了甲酸钙作为饲料添加剂的作用效果。