并联混合动力飞机牵引车控制系统设计与试验

分析了并联混合动力飞机牵引车的动力系统结构及工作模式,对目前主要的两种并联混合动力控制策略进行了分析比较,详细阐述了控制系统硬件及软件系统的设计方法,该控制系统在模拟工况测试试验中达到了预期的控制效果。     

互插式连栋温室风压分布模拟分析

以CFD理论为基础,建立了互插式连栋温室周围空气绕流的数学模型,设定了流体的边界条件,运用Fluent软件对互插式连栋温室的风压分布进行模拟分析。模拟结果表明,风力对温室作用主要是向上的升力;风压系数沿温室跨度方向分布的数值模拟结果与风洞试验结果基本吻合;上风向和下风向风压系数沿温室高度方向呈二次曲线分布,相关系数分别为0.975和0.990;最后将模拟得到的风压系数转换成相应的风载体型系数,为结构优化设计提供参考。     

电涡流缓速器对车辆制动稳定性的影响分析

修正车辆理想制动力分配曲线使之适用于装用电涡流缓速器的车辆,对装用电涡流缓速器的车辆制动稳定性进行了定性分析,并且提出了增加前后制动器制动力的分配系数来提高装用缓速器后的车辆制动稳定性的技术措施.对给定参数的车辆的定量分析表明,提出的技术措施能扩大车辆同步附着系数的范围,降低车辆后轮先抱死的可能性,提高车辆的制动稳定性.     

氮素用量对玉米子粒蛋白组分形成积累的影响

试验研究了不同施氮水平对春玉米子粒蛋白组分的影响。结果表明东农250、丰禾10子粒清蛋白含量呈下降趋势（东农250 NO处理灌浆初期略有升高）,四单19吐丝后7-21天略有增加而后下降;子粒球蛋白含量,东农250呈下降趋势（吐丝后7—21天略有升高）;四单19、丰禾10则先升高再降低而后略有升高再迅速降低;子粒醇溶蛋白含量呈高-低-高的变化趋势,不同品种间醇溶蛋白含量存在差异;子粒谷蛋白含量不断升高（东农250、四单19吐丝后21-28天略有降低）,不同品种春玉米谷蛋白含量存在差异。     

Effects of dietary vitamin E and fat supplementation in growing-finishing swine fed to a heavy slaughter weight of 150 kg: II. Tissue fatty acid profile,vitamin E concentrations,and antioxidant capacity of plasma and tissue

The study aimed to assess the effects of vitamin E (VE) supplementation and fat source on fatty acid (FA) composition, VE concentrations, and antioxidant capacity in plasma and tissues of pigs fed to a heavy slaughter weight (150 kg). A total of 64 pigs (32 barrows, 32 gilts; 28.41 ± 0.83 kg) were blocked by sex and weight, and randomly assigned to one of eight dietary treatments (n = 8 per treatment) in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement. Fat sources included corn starch (CS), 5% tallow (TW), 5% distiller’s corn oil (DCO), and 5% coconut oil (CN); VE supplementation levels were 11 and 200 ppm. Five-phase diets were formulated to meet requirement estimates of NRC (2012) and fed to pigs for each period of 25 kg from 25 to 150 kg. Increasing VE supplementation level increased C16:1 (P < 0.05) content but decreased C20:0 (P < 0.05) content in backfat and belly fat, while in liver, it increased C17:0 (P < 0.05) but decreased C18:0 (P < 0.05). Compared to the pigs fed the CS diet, the pigs fed the CN diet had greater (P < 0.05) content of total saturated FA, the pigs fed the DCO diet had greater (P < 0.05) content of total polyunsaturated FA content and iodine value, and the pigs fed the TW diet had greater (P < 0.05) content of total monounsaturated FA in backfat, belly fat, and liver. Plasma VE concentrations increased linearly (P < 0.05) with increasing length of feeding but faster (P < 0.05) in the pigs fed the CN and TW diets compared with the CS and DCO diets within the 200 ppm VE level; the pigs fed the DCO diet had the highest plasma VE concentrations (P < 0.05) from Phase 2 to Phase 5 within the 11 ppm VE level. The VE concentrations in liver and loin muscle (P < 0.05) increased with increasing dietary VE level from 11 to 200 ppm, but it was not affected by dietary fat source. There was no effect of VE supplementation and fat source on antioxidant capacity in plasma and liver except that pigs fed the DCO diet had greater liver SOD activity (P < 0.05) than the pigs fed the CN diet. In conclusion, dietary VE supplementation did not affect FA profile in backfat, belly fat, and liver consistently, while dietary FA composition with different fat sources affected much of the FA profile in backfat, belly fat, and liver. The higher level of VE supplementation increased liver and muscle VE concentrations and dietary fat sources affected plasma VE concentrations differently (P < 0.05), wherein the TW and CN diets increased the VE absorption greater than the DCO diet.     

宁夏两次夏季典型暴雨过程成因对比分析

利用自动气象站站点实况和ECMWF ERA5的逐时再分析资料,通过环流分析和物理量诊断方法,对比2017年6月4日和2019年8月2日宁夏区域性暴雨强降水区域、环流背景、影响系统和物理量因子的共性和不同.结果表明:后者累积降水量和最大小时雨强均比前者大;2017年6月4日,宁夏处于东高西低的环流形势中,强降水出现在低空急流的左前方,低空切变线的右前方,即宁夏中北部,稳定维持的地面中尺度辐合线触发了局地强降水;2019年8月2日暴雨过程出现在宁夏南北两头,是两槽一脊环流背景下,由500hPa冷涡、冷槽和700hPa低槽、切变、低空急流共同造成的,是一次典型的强对流单体导致的暴雨过程.2019年8月2日短时强降水过程比湿、CAPE、ZH零度高度、-20度层高度数值较大;两次短时强降水过程沙氏指数为正;2017年6月4日LI为正值,2019年8月2日LI为负值;2017年6月4日850-500假相当位温差为负值,2019年8月2日为正值;二者200hpa 、700hPa为辐散,850hPa为辐合,后者200hPa辐散中心强度大于前者,而700hPa辐散中心强度和850hPa辐合中心强度反之。     

棉蚜对吡虫啉抗性的初步研究

用吡虫啉对棉蚜进行室内抗性筛选,用药处理25次后抗性是筛选前的20.03倍;2007年对田间棉蚜进行抗性调查,发现不同地区种群对吡虫啉的抗性差异显著,江苏南京种群最为敏感,河南安阳、山东泰安和北京地区棉蚜与之相比,抗性分别为2.21、7.63和9.53倍;抗、感品系解毒酶活力分析发现,抗性品系的谷胱甘肽S-转移酶活性增加很少(比活力1.12倍),但酯酶活力显著高于敏感品系(比活力1.71倍);增效试验结果表明,顺丁烯二酸二乙酯(DEM)在抗、感品系中对吡虫啉均没有明显的增效作用,而磷酸三苯酯(TPP)和增效醚(PBO)虽然在敏感品系中对吡虫啉的增效作用较小(SR 1.24和1.29),但在抗性品系中的增效作用显著增高(SR 2.13和1.74);此外还发现,吡虫啉处理可提高棉蚜群体的酯酶活力。由此认为,棉蚜至少具有对吡虫啉产生中等水平抗性的风险,其抗性可能是由于棉蚜的酯酶和P450单加氧酶的解毒能力提高所致。     

Progress in Isoindolone Alkaloid Derivatives from Marine Microorganism: Pharmacology,Preparation, and Mechanism

Compound 1 (SMTP-7, also FGFC1), an isoindolone alkaloid from marine fungi Starchbotrys longispora FG216 and fungi Stachybotrys microspora IFO 30018, possessed diverse bioactivities such as thrombolysis, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties, and so on. It may be widely used for the treatment of various diseases, including cerebral infarction, stroke, ischemia/reperfusion damage, acute kidney injury, etc. Especially in cerebral infarction, compound 1 could reduce hemorrhagic transformation along with thrombolytic therapy, as the traditional therapies are accompanied with bleeding risks. In the latest studies, compound 1 selectively inhibited the growth of NSCLC cells with EGFR mutation, thus demonstrating its excellent anti-cancer activity. Herein, we summarized pharmacological activities, preparation of staplabin congeners—especially compound 1—and the mechanism of compound 1, with potential therapeutic applications.     

STEAM教育理念在竹木玩具创新设计中的应用

随着技术发展和教育理念的变革,家长对儿童玩具提出了更高要求,于是基于STEAM(Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, Mathematics)教育理念研发的玩具应运而生。文章运用市场调研和归类分析的方法,调查了国内市场上STEAM玩具的现状。结果发现,市场上现有的STEAM玩具设计普遍存在缺失原创性、独特性、运动性以及使用材料的环保性等问题,为此提出了竹木STEAM玩具设计应注重本土化、微课程化、环保化以及互动化的建议,并以此设计了一款竹制STEAM玩具。     

6个鲜食葡萄品种不同部位生物活性物质含量及抗氧化活性比较

【目的】 对不同色系鲜食葡萄品种各器官生物活性物质含量和各器官提取物总活性进行比较研究,为鲜食葡萄育种和生物活性物质利用提供有效依据。【方法】 以三种色系鲜食葡萄(各含一个有籽和无籽鲜食葡萄品种)为材料,分别测定果梗、果皮、果肉、葡萄籽中多酚、黄酮、原花青素含量,用自由基清除法评价各器官提取物的总活性,并使用相关系数法分析3种生物活性物质含量和总活性的相关性。【结果】 结果表明,不同色系葡萄品种中,黄绿色系与红色系果梗多酚含量高于紫黑色系品种,无籽品种含量高于有籽品种;黄酮含量以红色系品种含量最高,且无籽高于有籽品种。果皮中多酚、黄酮及原花青素含量与果皮颜色深浅有关,颜色越深含量越高;原花青素含量在黄绿色系与红色系葡萄品种中无籽显著高于有籽葡萄。果肉多酚含量紫黑色系有籽葡萄显著低于其它品种;原花青素含量紫黑色系显著高于红色系品种,黄绿色系及红色系品种有籽显著高于无籽品种。葡萄籽中多酚及原花青素含量变化具有随着果皮颜色加深而显著增加的变化趋势。生物活性物质抗氧化活性在果梗中黄绿色系与红色系品种显著高于紫黑色系品种,无籽品种高于有籽品种;在果皮中紫黑色系品种显著高于黄绿色系与红色系品种;在果肉中黄绿色系有籽品种显著高于无籽品种;多酚、黄酮含量与提取物总的抗氧化活性呈极显著正相关关系(P <0.01)。综上可知,鲜食葡萄果梗中含有丰富的多酚和黄酮物质,且红色系无籽品种显著最高,可将葡萄采果后果梗作为多酚和黄酮物质提取的原材料;鲜食葡萄多酚、黄酮、原花青素等生物活性物质随着果皮颜色加深而加深,可选育果皮颜色深且品质好的品种做鲜食葡萄;葡萄籽中含有丰富的多酚、黄酮、原花青素,可作为生物活性物质提取的原材料;鲜食葡萄提取物总抗氧化活性主要由多酚、黄酮决定。