冰核细菌冰核基因多态性的研究

 根据冰核细菌基因中的多拷贝重复编码区设计并合成简并引物inaZI[5'-GCCGGTTATGGCAGC(T)ACGCTGACC-3'],通过聚合酶链式反应(Polymerase Chain Reaction,PCR)扩增20株不同种属的INA⁺和INA^-细菌菌株.结果表明:所有供试的冰核活性菌株均获得扩增产物,而非冰核活性菌株则无扩增产物.冰核基因的扩增产物呈多态性.     

热带小奥德蘑深层发酵工艺研究

通过对热带小奥德蘑深层发酵培养基碳源、氮源和无机盐的筛选 ,利用正交试验得到了优化发酵培养基配方 ,在此基础上对发酵条件进行了探索。试验结果表明 ,热带小奥德蘑的适宜发酵培养基为 :葡萄糖 3%,蛋白胨 0 .4 %,KH2 PO40 .1%,MgSO4·7H2 O 0 .2 %,VB10 .0 1%。其适宜发酵温度为 2 8℃ ,起始pH5 .0～ 6.0 ,摇瓶装量 60mL 2 5 0mL ,接种量 10 %。     

三江白猪组织基因组提取及RAPD反应条件的优化

本试验从三江白猪组织中提取总DNA,获得较高质量的模板样品。并对RAPD反应的条件进行了优化,提高RAPD分析的可靠性和重复性。确保三江白猪遗传分析的真实性和准确性,为进一步的研究提供参考条件。     

农用电动汽车动力系统参数匹配优化及动力性验证

根据纯电动汽车性能的设计指标,对农用电动汽车的电动机、电池组及传动比等动力系统参数进行了合理匹配与优化设计.采用区间优化方法对减速器速比进行了优化设计,在满足电动汽车动力性能要求的前提下,以设计变量的最大可行区间代替其传统的确定性最优值,解决了传动系统齿轮的配齿问题.由优化设计结果,使用ADVISOR软件对整车动力性能进行了仿真分析,并对仿真结果进行了实验验证.     

自由曲面数控加工中过切的小波分析

将小波分析方法应用于自由曲面数控加工中过切信号分析和处理,在给出小波分析概念的基础上,较为详细地讨论了离散二进正交小波算法－Ｍａｌｌａｔ算法。通过小波变换将原始信号分解到不同频带,进而观察到过切的特征。研究表明：多分辨（多尺度）分析的方法,对于数控加工中曲面过切这种故障信号不但具有精确的时－频定位作用,而且还具有易于监测的优点,是继ＦＦＴ之后信号处理的又一有力工具。     

新疆地区啤酒花害的发螨生特点及其防治

对新疆地区啤酒花上的土耳其斯坦叶螨 Tetranychus turkestani Ugarov et Nik-lski 的生物学、发生特点及防治对策进行了初步探讨。该螨寄丰广,为害啤酒花叶片和球果。在啤酒花的毛蕊期和球果生长期有2个发生高峰。本文以啤酒花越冬期,营养生长期、生殖生长期害螨和天敌发生特点,提出了不同的防治方法和技术关键。     

基于三维激光扫描的树木三维绿量测定

利用三维激光扫描仪获取单株树木的点云数据,通过点云数据的处理提取测树因子,将树冠分割为多个不规则的台体,对每个台体的体积加和,近似为树冠体积。同时将绿视率引入三维绿量的计算中,以树冠不同视角绿视率加权平均和与树冠体积相乘计算树木三维绿量。实验选取了6个树种、共13棵树的点云数据,以树冠体积和绿视率2种方法计算三维绿量,结果表明：单纯以树冠体积计算平均三维绿量,针叶树大于阔叶树;而通过绿视率计算,阔叶树绿视率为55.41%,平均三维绿量为253.02 m3,而针叶树绿视率为30.75%,平均三维绿量为146.75 m3,不论是绿视率或者三维绿量,阔叶树均大于针叶树,与传统方法相比更符合树木的实际情况。     

壳聚糖饲用微生物制剂对湘黄鸡免疫指标和肠道菌群的影响

在不用药物、不接种疫苗的条件下,于饮水中添加0（CK）,0．5％,1．0％和1．5％的以壳聚糖为培养底物研制的壳聚糖饲用微生物制剂饲喂湘黄鸡,探讨其对湘黄鸡免疫指标和肠道菌群的影响效果．结果表明,试验组脾脏指数有上升趋势（Jp〈0．25）,法氏囊指数和胸腺指数显著提高（p〈0．05）;试验组血液中IgG含量呈上升趋势（P〈0．25）,T3,T4和IgA含量也显著提高（P〈0．05或（p〈0．01）;试验组盲肠中大肠杆菌显著减少,而乳酸杆菌显著增加（P〈0．01）．同时在日增重和育成率上,试验组提高率达9．31％（p〈0．01）和7．01％（p〈O．05）,表明该制剂通过促进免疫器官发育,增强T3,T4,IgA,IgG分泌和改善肠道微生态环境,从而提高试鸡的抗病力和生长性能．     

Unrecognized diversity in New Guinean crayfish species (Decapoda,Parastacidae): The evidence from molecular data

The phylogenetic relationships among imported ornamental crayfish belonging to the genus Cherax were inferred from a combined dataset of 3 mitochondrial genes (COI, 16S and 12S) and by comparison with available GenBank sequences of 14 Cherax species. Furthermore, the concordance of previously described species obtained from a wholesaler (Cherax boesemani, C. holthuisi and C. peknyi) with available GenBank sequences was verified based on COI with special respect to comparison with sequences assigned as Cherax species. Recently described species C. gherardiae, C. pulcher and C. subterigneus belong to the northern group of Cherax species. Comparison and analysis with other GenBank COI sequences show previously unreported diversity of New Guinean species, suggesting 5 putative new species. Surprisingly, species assigned to the subgenus Astaconephrops do not form a monophyletic clade; this subgenus should be reappraised relative to the purported typical morphological characteristic of the uncalcified patch on male chelae. Increasing importation of crayfish underscores the importance of accurate species identification. Use of basic molecular methods is a necessary requisite for documenting occurrence, abundance and population trends of target species. Consequently, it helps to support eventual conservation decision‐making by stakeholders.     

Effects of music stimulus on behavior response,cortisol level,and horizontal immunity of growing pigs

An enriched environment is widely used to improve domestic animals’ welfare and promote their natural behaviors. Music can reduce abnormal behavior in humans, nonhuman primates, and rodents. However, little is known about the effects of music on pigs. This study aims to explore the effects of repeated music stimulation on the behavior, physiology, and immunity of growing pigs. A total of 72 hybrid piglets (Large White × Duroc × Minpig) were randomly divided into three groups, including music (Mozart K.448, 60 to 70 dB), noise (recorded mechanical noise, 80 to 85 dB), and control (natural background sound, <40 dB), and 6 h sound stimulation was given per day (1000 to 1600 hours) from 40 to 100 d of age. The behavioral activities of the pigs were observed during the music stimulation, and their serum cortisol, salivary cortisol, and serum immune indices were also measured. Compared with the control group, the music group and noise group increased activity but decreased lying of pigs (P < 0.05). A significant increase in tail-wagging, playing, and exploring behaviors of pigs was found in the music group (P < 0.05), and the noise significantly increased the aggressive behavior of the pigs (P < 0.05). Tail-wagging, playing, exploring, manipulating, and aggressive behaviors decreased over time. Short-term (8 d) music stimulus had a lower cortisol level than that of the noise and control groups (P < 0.05), whereas long-term (60 d) music stimulus increased immunoglobulin G (IgG), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels (P < 0.05) and decreased interleukin-4 (IL-4) level (P < 0.05). Long-term noise stimulus significantly reduced the level of IgG (P < 0.05) but did not affect the level of IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-γ levels (P > 0.05). In conclusion, short-term music stimulus (8 d) reduced the stress response, whereas long-term music stimulus (60 d) enhanced the immune responses. In addition, the noise increased the aggressive behavior, and long-term noise reduced the immunity of the growing pigs.