不同浓度6-BA和AgNO3对甘蓝叶片不定芽分化的影响

 探索不同浓度的6 BA和AgNO3对甘蓝叶片分化的影响,以期为甘蓝基因工程育种,尤其是质体基因工程育种奠定基础。试验以甘蓝叶片作为外植体,研究了不同浓度的6 BA,AgNO3对甘蓝叶片芽分化的影响。结果表明：在MS+6BA1mg/L+AgNO3 0.01mg/L的培养基上芽的诱导率最高,达到96.7%。增殖率最高的培养基为MS+6BA 1mg/L+AgNO3 0.05mg/L,达到7.99。叶片高效离体再生体系的建立,为甘蓝叶绿体基因转化打下了一个良好基础。     

基质配比对野生花卉状元红扦插繁殖的影响

为研究不同插穗基质对状元红[Clerodendrum japonicum(Thunb.)Sweet]扦插生长的影响,采用黄泥和腐殖质混合配比对野生花卉状元红进行扦插试验。结果表明,7种不同基质的扦插苗生根率、生根个数、根长、新梢长之间存在明显差异。高比例腐殖质混合基质扦插苗生根效果最佳,黄泥∶腐殖质=1∶3(V∶V)的混合基质最适合状元红插穗的生长,因此建议在生产上推广应用。     

长期施肥对黄土区农田土壤动物群落的影响

 2001年7月至2002年10月，采用手捡法和Cobb过筛法,对陕西黄土区6种长期施肥，即对照组（不施肥，CK）、撂荒（不施肥、不耕种，用ABAND.表示）、施氮磷钾（NPK）、施氮磷钾+秸秆（SNPK）、施氮磷钾+有机肥（MNPK）和施1.5倍（氮磷钾+有机肥）（1.5MNPK）与农田土壤动物群落间相互关系进行研究。两年4次共采集72个定点土壤样品，获农田土壤动物标本5 495只，隶属6门11纲22目61科2亚科35属。调查结果表明，不同施肥处理对土壤动物的影响差异性显著（F = 2.24，P＜0.007)。土壤动物数量变化与长期施肥导致土壤性质的变化有关。主成分分析表明，SNPK、NPK、MNPK和1.5MNPK对土壤动物类群的影响能力显著不同，SNPK和NPK对土壤动物优势类群有正向作用，而MNPK和1.5MNPK则相反，对其它的解释不明显。从第一主分量看，各种施肥处理对土壤动物个体总数的综合影响最明显，对土壤动物群落均匀性、多样性影响最小；从评价值大小看，第一主成分特征向量最大值和最小值之间相差较大，表明6种施肥对农田土壤动物的影响不平衡。     

江苏省番茄黄化曲叶病毒病(TYLCD)的发生与诊断初报

番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)是江苏省主要蔬菜作物,常年栽培面积在4.78×104 hm2以上,在蔬菜周年供应中占有重要地位.番茄花叶病毒病(Tomato mosaic virus,ToMV)和黄瓜花叶病毒病(Cucumber mosaic virus,CMV)一直是番茄生产中的主要病毒病.     

生菜组织培养再生体系的建立

以“四季耐热抗抽薹”生菜为试材,10d苗龄的真叶为外植体,MS培养基为基本培养基,附加不同浓度的6-BA和NAA激素配比,经愈伤组织诱导、芽分化、生根3个步骤的离体培养,建立生菜快速、高频再生体系,以期为进一步研究生菜遗传转化奠定基础.研究表明:该品种最佳诱导外植体分化培养基为MS+0.15 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L NAA,出愈率达到100％,出芽率达到87％.     

大豆田粘虫等鳞翅目害虫监测防治新技术

[目的]探究澳宝丽食诱剂防治大豆田粘虫等鳞翅目害虫为重点的防治新技术。[方法]研究澳宝丽食诱剂对大豆田虫粘、豆蚀叶野螟、棉铃虫等的防治效果。[结果]每喷洒过食诱剂的条带(长约15 m)每天诱杀到的虫量分别为粘虫21头、豆蚀叶野螟23头、棉铃虫5头;澳宝丽食诱剂能显著降低植株被害率。[结论]澳宝丽食诱剂对大豆田粘虫、豆蚀叶野螟、棉铃虫等害虫具有较好的诱集效果,为提高大豆产量提供了参考。     

黑熊精液的保存研究

对35只4～13岁的健康雄性黑熊进行了电刺激采精161次，并对精液进行了冷冻保存。稀释后低温保存48h，平均精子活力可达到0．3以上。用含甘油的稀释液稀释后，最佳平衡时间为2h。     

Identification and QTL mapping of Z550, a rice backcrossed inbred line with increased grains per panicle

An elite backcrossed inbred line Z550 with increased grains per panicle was identified from advanced backcrosses between Nipponbare and Xihui 18 by simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker-assisted selection (MAS). Z550 carries 13 substitution segments distributed on chromosomes 1, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 12, with an average substitution length of 1.68 Mb. Compared with the Nipponbare parental line, plant height, panicle length, spikelets per panicle, grains per panicle, and grain weight for Z550 were significantly increased. While the grain width of Z550 was significantly narrower, and the seed setting ratio (81.43%) was significantly lower than that of Nipponbare, it is still sufficient for breeding purposes. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) mapping for important agronomic traits was conducted with the F₂ population derived from Nipponbare crossed with Z550 using the restricted maximum likelihood (REML) method. A total of 16, including 12 previously unreported QTLs were detected, with contribution rates ranging from 1.46 to 10.49%. Grains per panicle was controlled by 8 QTLs, 5 of which increased number of grains whereas 3 decreased it. qGPP-1, with the largest contribution (10.49%), was estimated to increase grains per panicle by 30.67, while qGPP-9, with the minimum contribution rate (2.47%), had an effect of increasing grains per panicle by 15.79. These results will be useful for further development of single segment substitution lines with major QTLs, and for research of their molecular functions via QTL cloning.     

Developmental Genetics Analysis for Plant Height in indica Hybrid Rice Across Environments

The developmental genetics of plant height was analyzed from two groups of three-line indica hybrid rice at two environmental conditions based on the NCII design, using the additive-dominant developmental genetics models and the statistic methods. The results showed that the rice genotypes and environmental conditions could both affect plant height, and the effects of environment on plant height decreased gradually with plant development. Additive and dominant effects both governed the performance of plant height at all developmental stages. However, the degrees of effect varied among the rice genotypes. Moreover, the interaction between environments and genotypes also affected plant height. The genetic effects differed at most developmental stages. Furthermore, the expression of additive effect was more active than that of dominant effect. Conditional interaction effects with environment also influenced plant height during genetic development, especially at the early stage. Mid-parent heterosis (HMP) increased gradually with the developmental stage of plant height, and maximized at the latest stage, whereas the heterosis over the better parent (HBP) showed small differences among the genotypes, and kept stable at the later stage, with positive numeric value. At most developmental stages, conditional HMP was positively significant, while conditional HBP was negatively significant. All above results suggest that HMP and HBP have some new expressions in all developmental periods and the levels and directions are quite different.