草鱼HSP90基因cDNA序列克隆及其组织表达差异

根据斑马鱼HSP90(Heat shock protein)序列(NM_131328)设计并合成一对引物,提取草鱼肝脏组织总RNA,RT-PCR扩增获得草鱼HSP90基因cDNA部分序列596 bp,获得GenBank登陆号为FJ517554.将测序结果利用DNAman软件与其他几种已知序列的鱼进行比对,结果表明,草鱼HSP90与斑马鱼、鲤、鲋的同源性依次为90%、89%、92%.同时利用半定量(Semi-quantitative,SQ)RT-PCR技术检测HSP90在草鱼脂肪、肌肉、肠、脑、粘液、性腺、鳔、肝脏、心脏、脾脏、鳃、鳍12个组织的表达差异.结果表明,HSP90在草鱼除了鳍外的其他11个组织中均检测到表达,其中在心脏中表达最高,但与鳃、性腺、脑、脾脏中的表达无显著差异(P>0.05),在脂肪、粘液、鳔组织中的表达显著低于其他几种组织(P<0.05),在肝脏、肌肉与肠中的表达无显著差异(P>0.05).     

雷琼牛肌肉生长抑制素基因序列研究

通过PCR方法对18头雷琼牛的MSTN基因进行扩增、测序.编码区序列分析结果表明:雷琼牛MSTN基因比外域瘤牛存在较丰富的多态性,共发现4个突变位点(2个转换,2个颠换),定义了6种单倍型,群体单倍型多样性较高(0.810±0.057);分析结果表明:MSTN基因的相关突变的发生可能早于Bos属瘤牛、普通牛、牦牛的分化;在瘤牛种内,我国南方的瘤牛可能是更原始的种群.     

一株降解生木薯淀粉的曲霉菌株的筛选、鉴定及其淀粉降解特性

本研究利用以生木薯淀粉为唯一碳源的筛选培养基,从腐烂木薯渣中分离筛选出一株可以降解生木薯淀粉的真菌菌株RSDF-7。根据RSDF-7形态和18SrDNA与28SrDNA之间的内转录间隔区（internal transcribed spacer,ITS）序列分析的结果,初步认定该菌株为曲霉属。菌株RSDF-7的粗酶液对多种不同的生淀粉底物均有水解效果;在以大米和玉米淀粉为底物时,其生淀粉分解活力比较高,分别为42%和40%。菌株RSDF-7的粗酶液具有良好的低pH稳定性,对生木薯淀粉的最适作用温度为50℃,最适作用pH为4.5。在30min的吸附后,RSDF-7的粗酶液对生木薯淀粉的吸附力高达60%。使用HPLC对粗酶液的酶解产物进行检测,结果发现酶解产物中仅存在葡萄糖,表明菌株RSDF-7所产的生淀粉降解酶主要为糖化酶。扫描电镜观察结果发现,经RSDF-7粗酶液酶解后的生木薯粉颗粒破裂,形成空洞,说明RSDF-7粗酶液对生淀粉有较强的水解作用。可以预见,经纯化后的曲霉菌株RSDF-7生淀粉酶将来可以用于基于酶解的木薯淀粉转化。     

槟榔间作香露兜对香露兜光合特性和香气成分的影响

为了研究槟榔与香露兜间作后香露兜叶片光合特性及香气成分变化,通过田间试验,比较槟榔间作香露兜处理和香露兜单作对照在叶片的光合特性和香气成分等差异。结果表明,处理叶片的净光合速率显著增加,叶片温度显著降低,叶片净光合速率和叶温间负相关关系达到显著水平;处理和对照叶片中共鉴定出9类31种香气成分,其中处理叶片的大量香气成分如角鲨烯、叶绿醇、新植二烯、2,3-二氢苯并呋喃、3-甲基-2-(5H)-呋喃酮、丙酮醇以及特征香气成分2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉等17种共有香气成分含量显著高于对照,丙酮酸甲酯和呋喃酮含量显著低于对照;叶片香气成分中角鲨烯和3-甲基-2-(5H)-呋喃酮含量与净光合速率呈显著正相关关系,2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉、角鲨烯、叶绿醇、新植二烯、2,3-二氢苯并呋喃、3-甲基-2-(5H)-呋喃酮以及丙酮醇等挥发性香气成分含量均与叶片温度呈极显著负相关关系。由此可见,槟榔间作香露兜能提高香露兜叶片的净光合速率并降低叶片温度,进而提高主要香气成分含量和提升香露兜叶片品质,可为槟榔林下间作香露兜高效栽培模式的推广应用提供理论支撑。     

小麦新种质N0381D矮秆基因的遗传与SSR标记分析

为给小麦矮秆新种质N0381D的利用提供依据,采用田间观察、赤霉酸鉴定以及SSR分析相结合的方法, 对该种质的矮秆性状进行了遗传分析和分子标记定位。结果表明,N0381D与高秆品种阿勃的杂种F¹代株高均接近或稍高于中亲值,F²代高、矮秆比例为123∶33,经χ测验,符合3∶1遗传分离比例;（N0381D/阿勃//N0381D）BC¹代矮秆植株数和半矮秆植株数的分离比例符合1∶1遗传分离比例,说明N0381D的矮秆性状由1对隐性主效基因控制。赤霉酸鉴定表明,该种质为赤霉酸不敏感型。利用337对SSR引物在亲本及高、矮秆池间进行多态性筛选,引物Xwmc503与该矮秆基因连锁, 遗传距离为19.3 cM,通过中国春及其第2部分同源群缺体四体系和双端体系将其定位于2DL染色体上。由于2DL上目前还没有发现矮秆基因,利用Xgwm261对高、矮秆池进行分析,也没有扩增出特异条带,表明N0381D携带的矮秆基因与定位于2DS上的 Rht8不同,因此推测该基因是一个新的矮秆基因,暂命名为RhtN0381D。     

干旱胁迫对杂交鹅掌楸无性系叶片内源激素含量的影响(摘要)(英文)

[目的]研究干旱胁迫对杂交鹅掌楸无性系叶片内源激素含量的影响。[方法]挑选抗旱性强的杂交鹅掌楸无性系NE25、NE78与抗旱性差的无性系NE04、NE23的1年生扦插苗为试验材料,对干旱胁迫下各无性系叶片中脱落酸(ABA)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)、玉米素核苷(ZR)和茉莉酸(JA)4种内源激素的含量变化进行研究。[结果]干旱胁迫下,杂交鹅掌楸各无性系叶片ABA大量积累,抗旱性强的无性系含量变化不明显;IAA含量总体呈下降趋势,且抗旱性强的无性系含量变化较大;ZR含量变化各异,胁迫末期抗旱性强的无性系叶片ZR含量减少;抗性差的无性系叶片JA含量上升,说明抗性差的无性系需要维持较高的JA来抵御干旱胁迫。[结论]该研究结果为杂交鹅掌楸耐旱无性系的筛选、园林栽培及应用提供了科学依据。     

Effect of Soybean Meal Replaced by Brewer's Grain or Fermented Brewer's Grain on Growth Performance,Immune Organ Index and Intestinal Flora of Meat Geese

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of soybean meal replaced by brewer's grain (BSG) or fermented brewer's grain (FBSG) on growth performance,immune organ index and intestinal flora of meat geese.A total of 250 geese at 28 days of age were randomly assigned to 5 groups with 5 replicates per group and 10 geese per replicate.The geese in control group were fed a basal diet (with soybean);The geese in groups 1 and 2 were fed the basal diet with the 10% and 20% BSG replacing the soybean,respectively;The geese in groups 3 and 4 were fed the basal diet with the 10% and 20% FBSG replacing the soybean,respectively.The whole experiment period was 42 days,including three phases:15 d (early stage),14 d (middle stage) and 14 d (later stage).The results showed as follows:①From the whole experiment period,compared with control group,the ADG of geese in group 1 was significantly increased (P<0.05),the ADG and ADFI of geese in group 4 were significantly decreased (P<0.05),there were no obvious change in growth performance of geese in groups 2 and 3 (P>0.05).② Compared with control group,the thymus index and spleen index of geese in groups 1,2 and 3 were extremely significantly increased at early stage (P<0.01);At middle and later stages,the spleen index of geese in group 2 were significantly and extremely significantly increased (P<0.05;P<0.01);There were no significant differences in bursa of fabricius index of geese among all groups (P>0.05).③ Compared with control group,the number of Escherichia coli and Salmonella in cecum in groups 1 and 2 were extremely significantly decreased at early and later stages (P<0.01),while the number of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus were increased in different degrees;the number of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus in cecum in groups 3 and 4 were extremely significantly increased at later stage (P<0.01).In conclusion,10% BSG replacing soybean in the basal diet could improve the growth performance and intestinal flora of meat geese;10% FBSG replacing soybean in the basal diet could promote the growth of beneficial bacteria of meat geese,but had no effect on growth performance;While 20% replacing soybean in the basal diet could decrease the feed intake and weight gain of meat geese,hinder its growth and development.     

复水处理对结缕草草坪质量和生理恢复的影响

干旱是限制草坪草生长的重要环境因子,长期干旱胁迫后复水草坪草恢复生长对于维持草坪质量是非常重要的。本研究以抗旱性不同的青岛结缕草(Zoysia japonica ‘Qingdao’)和沟叶结缕草(Z.matralla)为试验材料,研究干旱后复水处理过程中草坪质量和草坪草生理指标(叶片水势、叶绿素含量、过氧化氢酶活性、相对电导率和丙二醛含量)的变化。结果显示,两种草坪草在复水处理过程中,草坪质量、水势、叶绿素含量和过氧化氢酶活性逐渐升高,相对电导率和MDA含量逐渐降低;在15 d时,两种结缕草均没有恢复到对照水平。两种草坪草相比较,抗旱性较强的沟叶结缕草草坪质量、叶片水势、叶绿素含量、CAT酶活性恢复较快,在复水过程中细胞膜透性和MDA含量始终小于抗旱性较弱的青岛结缕草,说明抗旱性较强的沟叶结缕草复水处理时具有较好的恢复能力。     

长江下游粳稻稻瘟病广谱抗性基因组合模式分析

[目的]基因聚合是实现水稻稻瘟病广谱抗性的有效途径之一.通过构建粳稻背景下不同双基因聚合系,利用长江下游粳型稻瘟病菌(Magnaporthe oryzea)菌株评价其抗性效应并解析其抗性效应产生的构成因子,为长江下游粳稻抗稻瘟病育种提供广谱抗性基因组合模式和种质资源.[方法]以粳稻07GY31为背景的Piz基因座不同复...     

基于双单片机的网络化测控终端的设计与实现

通过对无线收发技术以及嵌入式网络技术的研究,提出了一种基于简化的UIP0.9协议的网络监控系统的设计方案,并利用射频收发芯片nRF401,2片微处理器芯片P89V51RD2F和以太网控制器芯片RTL8019AS实现了现场设备与远程控制终端的信息交换.