北京鸭PRLR基因部分序列的克隆及分析

利用PCR方法克隆了北京鸭催乳素受体(PRLR)基因部分序列,该序列长1325bp。序列分析结果表明,该序列由第9外显子的一部分(57bp)、第9内含子(635bp)以及第10外显子的一部分(633bp)组成;在核苷酸水平上,北京鸭的该序列(除去内含子)与鹅(U07694)、鸡(D13154)、野鸽(DQ209271)、火鸡(L76587)的相似性分别为94.2%、88.7%、86.8%、86.1%;在氨基酸水平上,与鹅(ABA71353)、鸡(BAA02439)、野鸽(AAA20646)、火鸡(AAB01544)的相似性分别为93.5%、84.3%、80.8%、80.9%。     

Localisation and expression of TRPV6 in all intestinal segments and kidney of laying hens

1. The aim of this study was to investigate the localisation and expression of the epithelial Ca2+ channel TRPV6 (transient receptor potential vanilloid channel type 6) in different intestinal segments and kidney of laying hens during peak lay. 2. Immunohistochemical analysis of the intestine indicated that TRPV6 was localised to the brush-border membranes of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum, and rectum. Expression was weaker in the rectum, and little or no expression was found in crypt and goblet cells. In addition, TRPV6 mRNA was quantified amongst different intestinal segments, and expression was highest in the duodenum and jejunum. Furthermore, Western blotting indicated that the duodenum expressed the greatest amount of TRPV6 and the rectum the least with the other segments expressing intermediate levels. 3. In the kidney, distinct immunopositive staining for TRPV6 was detected at the apical domain of the distal convoluted tubules (DCT) and medullary connecting tubules (CNT). Interestingly, distribution of TRPV6 extended to the proximal convoluted tubules (PCT). Furthermore, the kidney expressed lower TRPV6 mRNA and protein levels compared with that in the duodenum. 4. In conclusion, the epithelial Ca2+ channel TRPV6 is strongly expressed in the apical cells of the entire intestine and the renal tubules, suggesting that active Ca2+ transcellular transport plays a crucial role in dietary calcium (re)absorption in laying hens.     

Dietary supplementation with Acanthopanax senticosus extract enhances gut health in weanling piglets

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of Acanthopanax senticosus extract (ASE) as a dietary additive on gut health in weanling piglets by examining diarrhea frequency, intestinal microbiota and morphology. A total of 96 Duroc× (Landrace × Yorkshire) piglets weaned at 21 days of age with an average initial body weight (BW) of 5.6 ± 0.4 kg were randomly assigned to 3 treatment groups with 4 duplicates of 8 piglets each. The piglets were fed basal diet to which had been added 0 or 1 g/kg of ASE, or 0.7 g/kg antibiotics, respectively. Fecal consistence was monitored twice daily and the frequency of diarrhea was calculated. On day 21 after the initiation of supplementation, 8 piglets were randomly selected from each treatment group (2 piglets per pen) and slaughtered. The jejunum, ileum, colon and cecum were then excised and fixed in 10% neutral formalin solution to determine villus height and crypt depth, after their contents were collected to determine microbiota. The results showed that dietary supplementation with ASE increased (P < 0.05) the density of bacterial populations that co-migrated with Lactobacillus amylovorus, Lactobacillus salivarius, Bacillus subtilis, and Clostridium lituseburens, but decreased (P < 0.05) those co-migrating with Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Ruminococcus forques, and E. coli O157:H7 in the PCR-DGGE profiling analysis when compared with the control group. The villus height of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum increased (P < 0.05) by 14.8, 13.7 and 10.0%, while the crypt depth decreased (P < 0.05) by 17.9, 9.1 and 12.1%, respectively, in response to dietary ASE supplementation. Additionally dietary supplementation with ASE or an antibiotic decreased (P < 0.05) the frequency of diarrhea by 55.6 and 52.2%, respectively, compared with the control group. In conclusion, these findings suggest that dietary supplementation with ASE could regulate the microbiota composition and maintain a normal morphology of gut mucosa in weanling piglets, thereby decreasing diarrhea that resulted from weaning stress.     

益生菌产表面活性剂研究进展

生物表面活性剂是由微生物代谢过程中产生的具有表面活性的生物化合物,大多具有抗细菌、真菌、支原体和病毒的特性以及抗粘附的功能。由益生菌产的生物表面活性剂,除具备上述功能,还在安全性方面具有独特优势,因此在预防和治疗某些疾病方面具有广阔的应用前景。本文针对产生物表面活性剂的益生菌的种类、筛选、产物的制备分离及应用等方面做一综述。     

A novel dendrimeric peptide induces high level neutralizing antibodies against classical swine fever virus in rabbits

The amino acid sequence (TAVSPTTLR, 829-837aa) on the glycoprotein E2 of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is a conserved and linear neutralizing epitope. In the present study, two peptides were constructed based the core sequence of this neutralizing epitope, the dendrimeric peptide (Th-B(4)) containing four copies of B cell epitope fused to one copy of promiscuous T helper (Th) cell epitope and the peptide Th-B containing a single copy of B cell epitope fused to one copy of Th cell epitope. The dendrimeric peptide Th-B(4) elicited high titers of neutralizing antibodies as detected in an indirect ELISA, blocking ELISA and neutralization test and induced a complete protection against CSFV C strain in rabbits. The Th-B elicited low titers of neutralizing antibodies and did not induce a protection in rabbits. These results suggest that the dendrimeric peptide Th-B(4) may be a promising marker vaccine candidate against CSFV and the multimerization is a requirement for development of a peptide vaccine.     

山东省外观健康羊群中检出羊边界病病毒

2014年从山东省外观健康的牛羊采集鼻拭子样品共707份,提取其RNA,用流感病毒特异性引物进行RT-PCR检测。对RT-PCR扩增的阳性产物进行序列测定,意外发现其中1份羊拭子样品含有羊边界病病毒,并且该结果得到其他试验验证。结合我国2012年首次在安徽和江苏两地检出该病毒,以及当前我国羊群流通情况,推测该病毒可能在我国有所存在。该调研结果对分析各类RT-PCR检测的假阳性产生原因,有参考意义。并提示RT-PCR检测结果难以作为疫病或感染病诊断的确切依据。其诊断结果有时需要用荧光探针或测序进行进一步鉴定。     

不同硒源对肥育猪背最长肌和血清中抗氧化指标的影响

试验选用72头(61.32±1.14)kg杜长大肥育猪,随机分成3个处理,每个处理4个重复(栏),每个栏6头猪。3个处理分别饲喂基础日粮+0.30 mg/kg亚硒酸钠、基础日粮+0.30 mg/kg酵母硒Ⅰ、基础日粮+0.30 mg/kg酵母硒Ⅱ。正试试验期6周。试验结束后从每个重复选择体重基本一致的试验猪各1头,前腔静脉采血后屠宰取背最长肌,测定肌肉和血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力、总过氧化物歧化酶活力、丙二醛含量和总抗氧化能力。结果表明:与亚硒酸钠相比,酵母硒Ⅱ提高了血清和肌肉中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和总过氧化物歧化酶活力活力(P<0.05),降低了丙二醛水平(P<0.05),显著提高了血清的总抗氧化能力(P<0.05)。     

Fertilizing Capacity of Frozen Epididymal Sperm Collected from Dogs

The collection of epididymal sperm may be a valuable tool for canine reproduction especially since it can enable collection of cells after death of a valuable dog. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the viability of epididymal sperm after freeze-thawing. Epididymides were obtained from four adult dogs by elective orchiectomy. The caudal portion of the epididymides and part of the deferential ducts were squeezed by means of an anatomic clamp into a Petri dish containing either 0.9% saline solution (Group 1) or Ringer solution without lactate (Group 2). Samples were centrifuged at 800 ×  g for 10 min, the supernatant was removed and the pellet was diluted in one step with a Tris/citric acid/OEP (Orvus Es Paste) extender containing 7% glycerol and subjected to semen freezing. Oocytes were obtained from canine ovaries, after ovariohysterectomy. Only oocytes that were approximately 100 μm in diameter, with a dark ooplasm surrounded by three- or four-well formed cumulus cell layers were used for sperm testing. Frozen semen samples were thawed in a water bath at 70°C for 8 s and analysed at room temperature for sperm motility and velocity. Oocytes were incubated with spermatozoa in humidified atmosphere containing 5% CO₂ at 38°C for 18 h. Morphological and functional characteristics of spermatozoa were similar in both groups. However, the percentage of sperm cells bound to oocytes was significantly higher in Group 2 than in Group 1. This result suggests that the Ringer solution without lactate was a more suitable medium for collecting epididymal canine sperm than 0.9% saline.     

2009年赖氨酸市场回顾与2010年展望

<正>2009年生猪存出栏稳定增长,猪饲料消费量稳步增加,对赖氨酸的需求起到了较大的促进作用。然而,2009年国内赖氨酸也继续面临供应、库存双增加的局面,这也是国内赖氨酸价格持续低迷的重要原因。     

猪、鸡间空肠弯曲杆菌感染分布状况的调查研究

目的:对入沪28个产地(河南开封、山东青岛、江苏南通、浙江金华、上海奉贤等地)的鸡、猪进行了空肠弯曲杆菌流行分布调查,了解空肠弯曲杆菌在不同动物种间的分布状况。方法:以空肠弯曲杆菌特异性的VS1基因为扩增目标片段,对2005～2007年间在上海市三家家禽市场和五家生猪屠宰场采集的2234(鸡1015份、猪1219份)盲肠内容物样品进行PCR检测。结果:鸡盲肠内容物检出空肠弯曲杆菌阳性的样品288份,平均阳性率为28.4%,猪盲肠内容物检出空肠弯曲杆菌阳性的样品420份,平均阳性率为34.4%。结论:28个产地的鸡、猪均有空肠弯曲杆菌感染,不同产地、种属其感染率和发病情况不同,经统计学分析显示,猪的感染阳性率显著高于鸡,上海市内(奉贤等地)来源的畜禽感染阳性率显著低于浙江金华、江苏海门、江苏张家港和江苏大丰等外省市地区。