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101.
Hossein Ebrahimnezhad-Khaljiri Reza Eslami-Farsani Kousha Abbas Banaie 《Fibers and Polymers》2017,18(2):296-302
In this research work, aramid and semi-carbon fibers (SCFs) were hybridized in the form of interlayer or layer by layer into epoxy matrix by hand lay-up method. Afterward, the effect of hybridization on the thermal and mechanical properties of epoxy composites was characterized by thermal analysis; horizontal burning; tensile and bending tests. Based on the results of the mechanical tests, increasing SCFs to aramid fibers ratio decreased tensile strength, elastic and flexural modulus. But with increasing this ratio to 53 % failure strain reduced, whereas in the ratios of more than 53 %, the failure strain enhanced. The results of thermal analysis curves indicated that there are three stage mass loss at the temperature ranges of 100-220, 270-470 and 500-620 °C. It was also found that with increasing the SCFs to aramid fibers ratio decreased the third-stage of the mass loss. The results of horizontal burning showed that increasing the SCFs to aramid fibers ratio decreased the rate of burning. 相似文献
102.
Shamsuddin M Alam MM Hossein MS Goodger WJ Bari FY Ahmed TU Hossain MM Khan AH 《Tropical animal health and production》2007,39(8):567-581
We assessed resources, challenges and prospects of the dairy industries in four districts of Bangladesh (Mymensingh, Satkhira,
Chittagong and Sirajganj) with the participation of 8 to 12 dairy farm families in each district. We used ten participatory
rural appraisal (PRA) tools, namely social mapping, semi-structured interview, activity profiles, seasonal calendar, pie charts,
mobility diagram, matrix ranking, preference ranking and scoring, system analysis diagram and focus group discussion in 57
PRA sessions from September through October 2002. Dairying contributed more to family income (63 to 74%) and utilized a smaller
portion of land than did crops. Twenty seven to 49% of cattle feed is rice straw. Only Sirajganj and Chittagong had limited,
periodic grazing facilities. Fodder (Napier; Pennisetum purpureum) cultivation was practiced in Sirajganj and Satkhira. Fodder availability increased milk production and decreased disease
occurrence. Friesian crossbred cows were ranked best as dairy cattle. The present utilization of veterinary and AI services
was ranked highly. Farmers outside the milk union desired milk purchasing centres as the most required service in the future.
They identified veterinary and AI services as inadequate and desired significant improvements. The PRA tools effectively identified
resources, constraints, opportunities and farmers’ perspectives related to the dairy industries in Bangladesh. 相似文献
103.
In this paper, a softener of aliphatic acid ester was treated with an ultrasonic bath and coated on cotton. The particle size distribution of the softener in water was evaluated by a particle size analyzer. Physical and surface properties of the fabric after coating with the ultrasonic treated softener were compared with a control sample. Different technical measurements were utilized for this purpose including bending lengths measurement (BLM), friction coefficient measurement (FCM), evaluation of crease recovery angle (CRA), moisture regain measurement (MRM), evaluation of contact angle (CA), reflectance spectroscopy (RS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results showed that ultrasound enhances softener distribution in water and it improves the drapeability, friction behavior, wrinkle recovery and water repellency of cotton due to uniform coating of softener. 相似文献
104.
Sevda Amini Hossein Ghadiri Chengrong Chen Petra Marschner 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2016,16(3):939-953
Purpose
This paper reviews chemical, physical, and biological problems of salt-affected soils and different reclamation methods applied to rehabilitate these soils.Methods
Methods to increase C stocks in these lands are discussed with a focus on biochar application as a potential new approach to not only to increase the C content but also to improve soil properties. Gaps in research knowledge in this field are then identified.Results
Given the concern on the continued worldwide expansion of salt-affected lands and the focus on C sequestration processes, this review has evaluated current knowledge on salt-affected soils and their remediation with organic materials and plants. The review of the published literature has highlighted important gaps in knowledge, which limit our current understanding of rehabilitation of salt-affected soils with organic amendments specially biochar and the associated carbon dynamic. Knowledge about application of biochar in salt-affected soils is scant, and to date, most studies have evaluated biochar use only in nonsalt-affected soils.105.
Mohammad Reza Neyshaburi Hossein Bayat Kourosh Mohammadi Nader Nariman-Zadeh Mahdi Irannejad 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(2):257-273
Soil water retention characteristic is required for modeling of water and substance movement in unsaturated soils and need to be estimated using indirect methods. Point pedotransfer functions (PTFs) for prediction of soil water content at matric suctions of 1, 5, 25, 50, and 1500 kPa were developed and validated using a data-set of 148 soil samples from Hamedan and Guilan provinces, Iran, by multiobjective group method of data handling (mGMDH). In addition to textural and structural properties, fractal parameters of the power-law fractal models for both particles and aggregates distributions were also included as predictors. Their inclusion significantly improved the PTFs’ accuracy and reliability. The aggregate size distribution fractal parameters ranked next to the particle size distribution (PSD) in terms of prediction accuracy. The mGMDH-derived PTFs were significantly more reliable than those by artificial neural networks but their accuracies were practically the same. Similarity between the fractal behavior of particle and void size distributions may contribute to the improvement of the derived PTFs using PSD fractal parameters. It means that both distributions of the pore and particle size represent the fractal behavior and can be described by fractal models. 相似文献
106.
Faezeh Shahsavari Seyed Ali Mohammad Mirmohammady Maibody Hossein Shariatmadari Amir Massah 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(12):1646-1658
ABSTRACTWe investigated the effect of histidine (His) and Zn deficiency on H+-ATPase activity and H+ release from wheat roots. Two bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cvs. Kavir and Back Cross Roshan) were grown in a nutrient solution for four weeks before being transferred to treatment solutions consisting of two concentrations of His (0 and 50 µM) and two concentrations of Zn (0 and 10 μM). The Zn-only and the Zn+His treatments were observed to release more H+ in the root media than did the control ones, with the highest achieved under the Zn+His treatment which was roughly 2.1 times higher than that under the control conditions. The H+ release from wheat roots increased slightly but significantly in the presence of only His when compared with the control solutions. The hydrolytic and transport activities of H+-ATPase were affected by both Zn deficiency and His supply. In both cultivars, application of Zn and His resulted in a higher hydrolytic activity of H+-ATPase when compared with the control solutions. The highest hydrolytic activity of H+-ATPase in the root plasma membrane vesicles was achieved with the Zn+His treatment. The ‘Back Cross Roshan’ exhibited a higher (PM) H+-ATPase activity and H+ pumping than did ‘Kavir’. 相似文献
107.
Mojtaba Norouzi Amir Hossein Khoshgoftarmanesh Majid Afyuni 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(5):670-678
Zinc (Zn) deficiency is widespread in alkaline and calcareous soils. Limited information is available on the effect of preceding crops on the distribution of Zn in soil solid phase. This field study was conducted to investigate the changes in Zn chemical forms in soil solid phase as affected by four preceding crops [Sunflower (Heilianthus annuus L. cv. Allstar), Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. cv. Speed Feed), Clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L. cv. Koseh-e-Isfahan)] in a calcareous soil. A control treatment with no preceding crop (fallow) was also used. Our results showed that the preceding crops increased Zn concentration in exchangeable fraction (EXCH-Zn), the organically bound zinc form (ORG-Zn) and zinc bound to iron and manganese oxides (FeMnOX-Zn) while decreased carbonates bound-zinc (CAR-Zn) and residual zinc forms (RES-Zn). However, the changes in Zn fractions were dependent on the preceding crop type. The EXCH-Zn and ORG-Zn pools can be considered labile pools that play significant roles in supplying Zn for plants. Among the preceding crops used in this experiment, clover (Clo) had the highest effect on transforming CAR-Zn form to EXCH-Zn and ORG-Zn labile forms and thus resulted in the highest Zn accumulation in tissues of the target wheat (Triticumaestivum L. cv. Back Cross). Although the changes in chemical forms of Zn in the soil solid phase are complex and dependent on various factors, our findings showed that the preceding crops significantly increased the concentration of Zn in exchangeable and organic matter pools and in turn resulted in higher uptake of Zn by the target wheat. 相似文献
108.
Jahangir Abedi-Koupai Jaleh Varshosaz Mahsa Mesforoosh Amir Hossein Khoshgoftarmanesh 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(8):1130-1138
There have as yet been no detailed studies of micronutrient release from polymer coated fertilizers (PCFs). In this research, slow release microcapsules containing iron fertilizer was made and its release pattern evaluated. Three polymers ethyl cellulose (EC), glycerol mono stearate (GMS) and Compritol 888 ATO, were mixed with avicel and lactose and the microcaopsules were made by extrusion/spheronization method. The dissolution test carried out to determine the Fe release rate versus time. The results showed that, microcaopsules containing Compritol 888 ATO, released iron ions slower than that of EC and GMS. The release rate reached 85% after 7 days. In order to reduce the release rate, these microcaopsules were coated with ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) polymer by dip coating method. It is concluded that the combination of matrix type formulation and the coating with EVA polymer caused a significant decrease in the release rate of iron. 相似文献
109.
Maryam-Sadat Shobbar Omid Azhari Zahra-Sadat Shobbar Vahid Niknam Hossein Askari Mohammad Pessarakli 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(7):1037-1052
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most sensitive crops to drought, salt and cold stresses, particularly at post germination stage. The effects of these stresses on some physiological responses of two (a salt tolerant and a sensitive) rice cultivars ‘FL478’ and ‘IR29’ were investigated in this study. Two-day seedlings were transferred to MS media complemented with iso-osmotic concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl; 0, 50, 100, and 150 mM) or mannitol (0, 100, 180, and 275 mM) at 25°C or four and 15°C for 10 days. Experiments were carried out based on completely randomized design, with at least three replicates. All three stresses decreased shoot growth, chlorophylls, carotenoids and root starch while increased shoot soluble sugars. The effect of exerted cold stress on growth, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malonyldialdehyde levels, electrolyte leakage, chlorophylls and carotenoids contents was more than or comparable with drought, but greater than salinity. The results also indicated higher tolerance of ‘‘FL478’’ not only to salinity but also to drought compared to ‘‘IR29’’. Therefore, a mechanism for osmotic stress adjustment is probable in ‘‘FL478’’ in addition to low sodium (Na+) to potassium (K+) ratio in shoot tissues under salinity. 相似文献
110.
Hesam Amou Posht-e- Masari Abdol Ahad Shadparvar Navid Ghavi Hossein-Zadeh Mohammad Hossein Hadi Tavatori 《Tropical animal health and production》2013,45(5):1259-1263
The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for reproductive traits in Shall sheep. Data included 1,316 records on reproductive performances of 395 Shall ewes from 41 sires and 136 dams which were collected from 2001 to 2007 in Shall breeding station in Qazvin province at the Northwest of Iran. Studied traits were litter size at birth (LSB), litter size at weaning (LSW), litter mean weight per lamb born (LMWLB), litter mean weight per lamb weaned (LMWLW), total litter weight at birth (TLWB), and total litter weight at weaning (TLWW). Test of significance to include fixed effects in the statistical model was performed using the general linear model procedure of SAS. The effects of lambing year and ewe age at lambing were significant (P?<?0.05). Genetic parameters were estimated using restricted maximum likelihood procedure, under repeatability animal models. Direct heritability estimates were 0.02, 0.01, 0.47, 0.40, 0.15, and 0.03 for LSB, LSW, LMWLB, LMWLW, TLWB, and TLWW, respectively, and corresponding repeatabilities were 0.02, 0.01, 0.73, 0.41, 0.27, and 0.03. Genetic correlation estimates between traits ranged from ?0.99 for LSW–LMWLW to 0.99 for LSB–TLWB, LSW–TLWB, and LSW–TLWW. Phenotypic correlations ranged from ?0.71 for LSB–LMWLW to 0.98 for LSB–TLWW and environmental correlations ranged from ?0.89 for LSB–LMWLW to 0.99 for LSB–TLWW. Results showed that the highest heritability estimates were for LMWLB and LMWLW suggesting that direct selection based on these traits could be effective. Also, strong positive genetic correlations of LMWLB and LMWLW with other traits may improve meat production efficiency in Shall sheep. 相似文献