双峰驼水代谢与血液中无机离子浓度的动态关系

对双峰驼禁水１５ｄ，于禁水前、后及暴饮后采血，测定其血液中多种无机离子的浓度变化。结果表明，全血碳酸氢盐含量在禁水期变化极显著，与禁水前相比，冬季试验升高２８．０９％，夏季试验升高２６．５９％；暴饮后快速下降，冬、夏季试验分别比禁水前低９．５％和７．８％，４ｄ后恢复正常。血清中Ｋ＋和Ｆｅ２＋含量未见统计学差异。血清中Ｎａ＋、Ｃｌ－、Ｃａ２＋、Ｍｇ２＋、和Ｐ３＋的含量于禁水期逐渐上升，暴饮后快速下降，其变化均有显著差异，其中Ｎａ＋的正常值显著高于其他反刍动物。结果表明，双峰驼在禁水期具有较高的血液渗透压和碱储量，其对保证缺水时血液酸碱平衡的调节，维持血容量，保证机体正常水代谢功能具有重要作用，是骆驼耐干渴的重要原因之一。     

Characterization of antibody response to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus ORF5 product following infection and evaluation of its diagnostic use in pigs.

The sensitivity and specificity of recombinant open reading frame 5 products used in the Western blotting assay for confirmation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) serologic status were evaluated. The recombinant antigen-based assays were specifically compared with a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for PRRSV antibodies using 1) PRRSV antibody-negative reference sera (n = 30), 2) naturally infected pig sera (n = 40), 3) sequential sera obtained from 24 experimentally infected pigs, and 4) sera submitted to 3 state diagnostic laboratories (n = 200). The recombinant antigen assay yielded an average increased sensitivity of 10% over the commercial PRRSV ELISA. The negative controls (group 1 sera) showed no difference between the 2 assays. This comparison confirmed that the recombinant antigen-specific assay was more sensitive than the commercial ELISA and is well suited for routine confirmation of the presence of PRRSV antibodies.     

浅析农村蛋鸡免疫失败的因素

走访养鸡户时,经常遇到养鸡户埋怨:所养的鸡群已经做了免疫,怎么不久还是发病呢?针对以上情况,笔者做了调查,作了一些肤浅的分析,原因如下: 1 疫苗质量不好或疫苗已经过期失效.有的灭活疫苗中甲醛存在超标现象.应使用正规大厂家的疫苗,选择吸收好、应激反应小、抗体维持时间长、含有优势毒株的疫苗.     

2008～2011年中国部分地区猪圆环病毒2型的分子流行病学调查

为了解2008~2011年中国部分地区猪圆环病毒2型(Porcine circovirus type 2,PCV2)分子流行病学变化趋势,本实验室共采集福建省、江西省、广东省、安徽省、浙江省、河南省、河北省、广西壮族自治区、内蒙古自治区、上海市、江苏省和山西省共12个省(市、区)的健康猪群和发病猪群共452份样品,对其进行病原学检测,并通过扩增、克隆和测序共获得31株PCV2 ORF2基因编码序列。结果显示,452份样品中,有354份样品检测为PCV2阳性,感染率高达78.3%。对31株ORF2基因序列的分析和比对结果表明,31株PCV2均为PCV2b基因型,其中有21株归类于PCV1A/1B基因亚群,而10株为PCV1C亚群;对31株PCV2 ORF2编码氨基酸序列比对分析表明PCV2基因亚型具有其特异的氨基酸变异位点,这对于临床上区别PCV2亚型具有一定的指导意义。从基因水平上来说,自2008年以来中国以PCV 1A/1B亚群为主要流行致病株,但值得我们关注的是,PCV 1C亚群毒株从无到有并有逐渐增多的趋势,将来可能在PCV2的流行毒株中占据主要地位。     

禽肉色泽影响因素研究进展

本文对禽肉色泽及其影响因素包括内在因素(肌红蛋白含量、血红素的化学形态、pH)及人为因素(应激、营养因子、视觉缺陷)进行了综述。     

北方塑料暖棚牛舍的设计

本文采用冬季太阳高度角最小,夏季太阳高度角最大,太阳高度角随纬度变化而变化这一原理,确定牛舍棚面闻的计算公式为C=B-h(B：为50“临界值,h为太阳高度角),在舍外温度连-20℃～-30℃时夜间舍内温度达7℃～8℃以上。     

达乌尔黄鼠肛腺组织解剖

达乌尔黄鼠Ｃｉｔｅｌｌｕｓ ｄａｕｒｉｃｕｓ具有三个肛腺，位于肛门与直肠之间的粘膜下层，肛腺深约６－７ｍｍ，三个肛腺的圆形开口呈倒三角形排列于肛周内侧，平时不现，在受外界剌激时。肛门外翻露出三个肛腺的开口。腺体由两种腺泡群组成：一种由大量的皮脂聚合而成，排列在肛囊底产；一种由大量的顶浆分泌型汗腺聚合而成，分布于皮脂腺群的外围。     

Molecular Cloning and Expression of IL2 cDNA from the Tibet Pig

Interleukin-2 is a vital cytokine secreted by activated T lymphocytes, and plays important role in the regulation of cellular and humoral immunity of animals. In our experiment, IL2 cDNA of the Tibet Pig was first cloned by RT-PCR from ConA-stimulated lymphocytes in the blood and subcloned into pMD-18 T vector, which then was identified with endonuclease restriction. The sequencing result showed that Tibet pig IL-2 (TPIL-2) cDNA was 503 bp long (ORF was 465 bp) (Genbank accession number: AY 294018). The recombinant prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression plasmids of the cDNA were then constructed to analyse the ability to stimulate the proliferation of porcine lymphocytes in vitro. The recombinant porcine IL-2 expressed in the prokaryotic cells was found to be of 43 kDa molecular mass, which was consistent with a 17.4 kDa protein deduced from the IL-2 cDNA sequence (glutathione S-transferase molecular mass is 26 kDa); the recombinant protein in eukaryotic cells was confirmed by use of specific rabbit anti-porcine IL-2 serum in an ELISA. The bioactivity of TPIL-2 was detected through MTT colorimetry by stimulating the proliferation of pig ConA-stimulated blasts in vitro. The results indicate that the TPIL-2 significantly promoted the proliferation of ConA-stimulated blasts of pig. This confirms that IL-2 cDNA of the Tibet pig was successfully cloned and expressed in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, which lays the foundation for the the preparation of specific recombinant IL-2 protein and development of novel immune adjuvants to raise the immunity of pigs against various infectious pathogens and increase the immunoprotective efficacy of vaccines.     

乳酸芽孢杆菌制剂对AA肉鸡生产性能的影响

本试验研究在日粮中分别添加200mg/kg乳酸芽孢菌制剂和50mg/kg土霉素,对1～49日龄AA肉鸡生产性能的影响。结果表明,乳酸芽孢菌制剂组和土霉素组的全期平均日增重比对照组提高15.29%和9.10%(P<0.05),乳酸芽孢菌制剂组比土霉素组提高5.67%(P>0.05);乳酸芽孢菌制剂组和土霉素组的全期料肉比分别比对照组降低9.09%和7.36%(P<0.05),乳酸芽孢菌制剂组比土霉素组低1.87%(P>0.05);各组成活率差异不显著。