雷琼牛肌肉生长抑制素基因序列研究

通过PCR方法对18头雷琼牛的MSTN基因进行扩增、测序.编码区序列分析结果表明:雷琼牛MSTN基因比外域瘤牛存在较丰富的多态性,共发现4个突变位点(2个转换,2个颠换),定义了6种单倍型,群体单倍型多样性较高(0.810±0.057);分析结果表明:MSTN基因的相关突变的发生可能早于Bos属瘤牛、普通牛、牦牛的分化;在瘤牛种内,我国南方的瘤牛可能是更原始的种群.     

论预防中国“拉美化”倾向

将中国“拉美化”问题定义为中国贫困化和两极化,并对城乡居民收入差距扩大问题的现状以及原因进行了研究,最后就防止中国出现“拉美”倾向给出了政策建议。     

纳豆激酶液体发酵条件的优化

利用单因素及正交试验,对纳豆枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis natto)液体发酵生产纳豆激酶(Nattokinase,NK)的培养基组成(碳氮比和离子组成)和培养条件(温度、pH值、发酵时间、接种量和装液量等)对产酶量的影响进行了研究。结果表明,最佳发酵培养基组成及发酵条件分别为:可溶性淀粉2.0%,大豆蛋白胨1.5%,Na2HPO4·12H2O0.4%,KH2PO40.2%,MgSO4·7H2O0.075%,CaCl20.01%,培养温度37℃,pH值7.0,发酵时间24h,转速180r/min,种龄16h,接种量3%,装液量25mL/250mL。在优化发酵条件基础上,进行了5,20L发酵工艺放大的初步研究,在此条件下,摇瓶,5L罐和20L罐发酵酶活最高分别达到915,1086,946IU/mL。     

Evaluation of a competitive ELISA for antibody detection against avian influenza virus

Active serologic surveillance is necessary to control the spread of the avian influenza virus (AIV). In this study, we evaluated a commercially-available cELISA in terms of its ability to detect AIV antibodies in the sera of 3,358 animals from twelve species. cELISA detected antibodies against reference H1- through H15-subtype AIV strains without cross reactivity. Furthermore, the cELISA was able to detect antibodies produced following a challenge of the AIV H9N2 subtype in chickens, or following vaccination of the AIV H9 or H5 subtypes in chickens, ducks and geese. Next, we tested the sensitivity and specificity of the cELISA with sera from twelve different animal species, and compared these results with those obtained by the hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test, the "gold standard" in AIV sera surveillance, a second commercially-available cELISA (IZS ELISA), or the agar gel precipitation (AGP) test. Compared with the HI test, the sensitivities and specificities of cELISA were 95% and 96% in chicken, 86% and 88% in duck, 97% and 100% in turkey, 100% and 87% in goose, and 91% and 97% in swine, respectively. The sensitivities and specificities of the cELISA in this study were higher than those of IZS ELISA for the duck, turkey, goose, and grey partridge sera samples. The results of AGP test against duck and turkey sera also showed significant correlation with the results of cELISA (R-value >0.9). In terms of flock sensitivity, the cELISA correlated better with the HI test than with commercially-available indirect ELISAs, with 100% flock sensitivity.     

自主创新出成果科技服务出效益

通过原始创新、集成创新和引进、吸收再创新,四川省农科院在农业“高产、优质、高效、生态、安全”方面取得了丰硕的成果。通过强化科技服务,取得了显著的经济社会效益。最后,总结了主要做法和体会。     

酸马奶中酵母菌5.8 S rDNA及ITS的基因序列分析

实验将两株从酸马奶中分离提纯的酵母菌,提取单菌株基因组DNA,用一对真菌通用引物ITS1和ITS4 PCR 扩增它们的5.8S rRNA和ITS基因,连接入pMD19-T载体,克隆鉴定后,测定序列,将测得的序列与GenBank数据库的序列进行同源性分析,并建立系统进化树.结合系统发育树及5.8 S rDNA和ITS的序列分析结果,将菌株J14和S33判定为Kluyveromyces marxianus(马克斯克鲁维酵母).酸马奶中传统的酵母菌分类主要依靠形态学和生理生化等鉴定方法,实验首次利用5.8S rRNA和ITS基因扩增和测序的分子生物学方法对其进行鉴定.     

漂白紫胶固定床干燥动力学研究

研究了在固定床干燥条件下,不同温度时漂白紫胶中含水率的变化情况,建立了固定床干燥条件下的拟合方程.实验结果表明,预测值和实测值的一致性较好,所建立的数学模型可以用于描述该条件下漂白紫胶的干燥.     

枣棉间作下不同种植密度对棉花生理特性及产量的影响

[目的]探索枣棉间作条件下不同种植密度对棉花生理特性及产量的影响,筛选出适宜间作的棉花种植密度,以期为南疆果棉立体种植模式的研究提供理论依据.[方法]在枣棉间作条件下,设置高、中、低3个密度水平(31.27×104、25.01×104和20.84×104株/hm2),研究枣棉间作对棉花光合特性、干物质积累和产量的影响.[结果]枣棉间作条件下,25.01×104 株/hm2密度在各个时期的净光合速率较大,蒸腾速率最低值出现时间较晚,冠层结构合理,生育后期有较高的群体光合速率,光合物质累积多,皮棉产量较高.[结论]枣棉间作下不同的种植密度会对棉花生长发育特性以及产量有一定的影响,而适宜的种植密度则能优化这种立体种植模式.     

Effects of nitrogen and water stress on the rehydration,endogenous hormonal regulation and yield of maize

Water scarcity is known to be a strong limiting factor affecting maize grown and yield in cold semi-arid regions. Numerous studies have shown that rehydration improves maize growth. Our study aimed to explore the effects of rehydration treatments on maize growth and yield under water and nitrogen stress during different growth stages. We selected the drought-tolerant maize variety Nendan 19 (ND19) and subjected it to water stress during the V6 (sixth-leaf), R2 (filling) and R6 (maturity) growth stages and a rehydration treatment after each stress stage. Our results indicated that N1 (N100 kg N ha⁻¹) and N3 (N300 kg N ha⁻¹) treatments significantly increased the leaf moisture status relative to water content (RWC), bound water content (BWC), free water content (FWC) and water potential (WP)) at different growth stages. Similar trends were observed in the accumulation of plant leaf and root hormones (zeatin+zeatin riboside, indole-3-acetic acid, abscisic acid and gibberellic acid), photosynthetic pigments and chlorophyll fluorescence. However, under the same water stress conditions, they decreased as the N rate increased and reached a minimum value in the S3 (water stress for N3) treatments. In addition, with growth stage advancement and extension of the rehydration time, both showed a gradual upward trend. The results showed that to save water resources in the cold semi-arid region, rehydration treatments (R2S1 and R2S3) significantly increased the photosynthetic pigments and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, leaf moisture status, biomass, 100-grain weight, hormone content, ear characteristics and grain yield of maize.