30个中国甘薯主栽品种的RAPD指纹图谱构建及遗传变异分析

研究以中国30个甘薯主栽品种为材料,对甘薯RAPD指纹图谱的构建进行了探讨。从102个RAPD引物中筛选出26个多态性丰富的引物用于PCR扩增,共扩增出255条多态性条带,平均每个引物扩增的多态性带数为9.8条。其中S32和S39多态性最高,仅用其中1个引物即能将这30个甘薯品种完全区分开,且由此构建的指纹图谱出现的概率很小,分别为4.77×10^-7（1/221）和1.91×10^-6（1/219）。结果进一步表明,这30个甘薯品种的遗传距离变异幅度较大,为0.0390～0.4306,平均遗传距离为0.3086。RAPD聚类分析表明,地域分布相近的甘薯品种和具有同一亲本的甘薯品种聚在一起,与这些甘薯品种的系谱图一致。     

苜蓿接种根瘤菌及丸衣化效果研究初报

种子丸衣化可以提高种子的发芽率以及提高豆科植物的共生固氮作用,对改良退化草地,促进农业可持续发展的起着重要意义。实验选用中苜一号、美国（ML323）、准葛尔和20号4种紫花苜蓿作为实验材料,比较了苜蓿接种根瘤菌的效果。结果表明：在接种“先科”菌剂的比较试验中,美国（ML323）在其接瘤率、瘤重,及产量等方面均有较好的效果。     

黔中玉米耕地土壤杂草种子库季节动态

对黔中玉米耕地土壤进行种子萌发试验,结果表明:玉米地杂草种子库共有44个物种出现,隶属16科40属。4个季节单位面积的种子萌发量Ⅰ季度8 609粒/m2>Ⅲ季度8 045粒/m2>Ⅱ季度6 491粒/m2>Ⅳ季度2 698粒/m2。狗尾草和水田碎米荠为上半年库中优势物种,下半年优势物种则为波斯婆婆纳。整体上随土壤层次的增加种子库存量相对减少,冬季活力种子萌发量最少;就物种多样性而言,种子库Shannon-W iener指数和Simpson指数均表现为Ⅱ>Ⅰ>Ⅲ>Ⅳ。     

气相色谱法测定青椒中9种农药残留方法的研究

本文介绍了9种常用农药在青椒中的残留检测方法,选用VarianCP-3800气相色谱仪,cpsil-830m×0.25mm×0.25μm毛细管柱,电子捕获检测器(ECD)。平均回收率为73.2%～105.4%,变异系数<10%。该方法的测定结果满足农药多残留检测要求。     

广西芒果电脑农业专家系统的研究与应用

芒果电脑农业专家系统是基于农业专家知识和模仿农业专家进行推理决策的计算机程序系统,在Paid开发平台的基础上研究开发出面向基层农技推广人员和广大农户的芒果农业专家系统。介绍了芒果农业专家系统的系统结构体系、系统目标、系统内容及应用示范情况。为农民和基层农技人员提供各种农业问题咨询服务与决策方案,起到高层次农业专家随时都能亲临现场指导农业生产的作用。对加速芒果科技的普及和科技成果转化,实现广西芒果向产业化发展具有重大意义。     

RS与GIS在洛阳市绿地系统规划中的应用

应用RS和GIS对洛阳市的绿地进行了调查,建立了洛阳市绿地信息数据库,并对绿地现状进行了分析;在此基础上,研究探讨了RS和GIS在洛阳市绿地系统规划应用。在绿地信息的提取过程中,对研究区遥感图像进行了图像融合、几何纠正,图像分类和专题矢量化;建立了相关的空间数据库和属性数据库,并提取了建筑物高度。在规划中,应用了GIS的缓冲区分析、空间叠加分析、坡度坡向分析、通视分析功能,高度分析等功能;使规划更科学,更实际。     

两用核不育系广占63S和籼粳型父本配组其F1 产量性状与产量的关系

利用光温敏两用核不育系广占63S分别和籼粳型父本测交配组，通过对两种类型F1代的产量性状表现的比较，对两种组配方式32个F1组合的单株产量与产量性状的关系进行相关分析，并对产量性状对单株产量进行了通径分析。结果表明，广占63S与籼型父本配制的组合在结实率和千粒重上优势明显，其单株穗数和单株产量呈极显著正相关，结实率和单株产量呈显著正相关；粳型父本配制组合的结实率和单株产量呈极显著正相关，每穗粒数和单株产量呈显著正相关。两种组配方式后代组合产量性状对单株产量的直接作用也不相同，进而提出了利用广占63S与籼型材料配组比直接利用粳型材料配组更有利于选育出强优势实用型杂交组合。     

河西地区沙产业可持续发展刍议

通过对河西走廊荒漠化现状的分析评价,从河西地区的资源与区位优势、水土资源条件、农林牧业发展状况、产业结构布局等方面,分析了河西地区沙产业发展的必要性和现实意义。提出了河西地区沙产业发展的方向是:以水资源的持续、合理利用为目标,农林牧、粮经草全面、协调发展,发展生态产业,培育产业经济带,延伸产业链,形成结构合理的沙产业发展格局。引进节水、高效的植物种、品种和优良家畜,发展苜蓿草产业、麻黄、甘草、黄芪等中药产业、肉羊和肉牛等暖棚式舍饲畜产业、棉花和马铃薯产业、酿造葡萄产业和日光温室蔬菜、花卉产业等,构建河西走廊复合的农林牧生产系统,促进荒漠绿洲沙产业的持续发展。     

Based serum metabolomics analysis reveals simultaneous interconnecting changes during chicken embryonic development

Metabolic disorder is a major health problem and is associated with a number of metabolic diseases. Due to native hyperglycaemia and resistance to exogenous insulin, chickens as a model had used in the studies of adipose tissue biology, metabolism and obesity. But no detailed information is available about the comprehensive changes of serum metabolites at different stages of chicken embryonic development. This study employed LC/MS‐QTOF to determine the changes of major functional metabolites at incubation day 14 (E14d), 19 (E19d) and hatching day 1 (H1d), and the associated pathways of differential metabolites during chicken embryonic development were analysed using Metabolite Set Enrichment Analysis method. Results showed that 39 metabolites were significantly changed from E14d to E19d and 68 metabolites were significantly altered from E19d to H1d in chicken embryos. Protein synthesis was promoted by increasing the concentrations of L‐glutamine and threonine, and gonadal development was promoted through increasing oestrone content from E14d to E19d in chicken embryos, which indicated that serum glutamine, threonine and oestrone contents may be considered as the candidate indicators for assessment of early embryonic development. 2‐oxoglutaric acid mainly contributed to enhancing the citric cycle, and it plays an important role in improving the growth of chicken embryos at the late development; the decreasing of L‐glutamine, L‐isoleucine and L‐leucine contents from E19d to H1d in chicken embryonic development implied their possible functions as the feed additive during early posthatch period of broiler chickens to satisfy the growth. These results provided insights into understand the roles of serum metabolites at different developmental stages of chicken embryos, it also provides available information for chicken as a model to study metabolic disease or human obesity.