Selection of a new scallop strain,QN‐2, from the backcross of Peruvian scallop × bay scallop F1 hybrids with bay scallops

Cross‐breeding has been successfully applied in agriculture and aquaculture industries to improve important production traits. In our previous studies, we produced the F₁ hybrids with high heterosis in growth by crossing the bay scallops with the Peruvian scallops and selected a new strain, Bohai Red, from the F₁ hybrids. In this study, we selected another new strain from the backcross (BC₁) of the F₁ hybrids with bay scallops. The base cohort (G₀) was size‐selected from the BC₁, and the G₁, G₂, G₃ and G₄ cohorts were produced with size‐selected brood stocks from the G₀, G₁, G₂ and G₃ cohorts respectively. Our results showed that average shell height, shell length, shell width and whole body weight of the G₄ cohort were increased by 16.8%, 16.8%, 11.5% and 43.6%, respectively, compared with the unselected control group of bay scallop. This new strain has now become one of the major cultured Argopecten scallops in northern China waters and was later named QN‐2.     

Evaluation of pea proteins and poultry protein as fish meal alternatives in the diets for juvenile black sea bream,Acanthopagrus schlegelii

The potential of three different protein resources (pea protein isolate, PPI; pea protein concentrate, PPC; enzyme treated poultry protein, ETPP) as fish meal (FM) alternative protein in diets for juvenile black sea bream, Acanthopagrus schlegelii. (initial average weight 7.90 ± 0.13 g) was evaluated. Seven isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated to replace FM at 0% (T0, control diet), 8% (designated as T1‐T3) and 16% (designated as T4‐T6) using PPI, PPC and ETPP respectively. Each diet was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of 25 juvenile fish for 8 weeks. At the end of the feeding period, survival rate was not significantly affected by dietary treatments. Growth performance in T6 (16% ETPP) group was significantly inferior to T0 group, however, weight gain and specific growth rate in other treatments showed no significant differences (P > 0.05). Mean feed intake, feed efficiency ratio and protein efficiency ratio were also poorer in fish fed in T6 than those of fish fed with the control diet respectively. Apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of dry matter and crude protein for fish fed ETPP diets were significant lower than those of fish fed with the control diet, whereas ADCs of lipid were unaffected by dietary treatments. ADC's of dietary Leu, Ile, His and Lys was also significantly influenced. There were no marked variations in proximate compositions of dorsal muscle. With regard to plasma characteristics, significant difference was observed in triacylglycerol content. Ammonia concentration in plasma tended to increase in alternative protein diets as substitution level increased. There were significant differences in aspartate aminotransferase activities among groups, but alanine aminotransferase levels were unaffected by treatments. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that PPI and PPC were potential protein sources for using in juvenile black sea bream diet. However, the substitution level of FM by ETPP should be limited within 16%.     

徐家河水库陆封近太湖新银鱼的生长特性及其渔业利用

本文通过对徐家河水库陆封近太湖新银鱼周年生长的研究，揭示其生长的规律性，并根据其生长特笥和生活习性，结合水库的生态特点，确定徐家河水库近太湖新银鱼的合理捕捞时间，提出促进水库近太湖新银鱼生长，提高其生长量的措施。     

牡丹江水质状况对水生生物影响及评价

本以调查牡丹江的浮游生物种群的组成及数量对环境污染或变化所产生的反应，阐明污染状况，根据生物多样性指数进行物评，结果表明，指示生物以a－中污染或μ－中污居多。评价结果认为牡丹江水质由β－中污向α－中污过渡。     

显微注射生长激素基因导入中国对虾（Penaeus chinensis）受精卵的研究

本实验采用显微微量注射方法，交羊生长激素基因导入中轻地虾受精卵，受精卵发育到蚤状幼体第三期后采样检测。ＰＣＲ检测结果表明：７个样品共９３尾幼体，有３个样品呈出阳性信号，基因转移比率至少在３％以上。同时斑点杂交结果也证明有两个明显阳性斑点。     

中国对虾皮下及造血组织坏死杆状病毒（HHNBV）DNA探针的制备及应用

ＨＨＮＢＶ是１９９３年中国对虾暴发性流行病的主要病原之一。从纯化的病毒中提取ＤＮＡ，用ＥｃｏＲｌ限制性内切酶酶切成ＤＮＡ片段，与ＰＵＣ１８体外重组，建立ＨＨＮＢＶＤＮＡ文库。从中筛选出三个重组质粒（５＃、８＃、９＃），它们所插入的片段大小分别为：２．８Ｋｂ、０．８Ｋｂ、１．６Ｋｂ，它们分别用光敏生物素标记成探针，与感染ＨＨＮＢＶ的病虾ＤＮＡ呈阳性反应，以此利用制备的ＨＨＮＢＶＤＮＡ探针的高敏感性和特异性来检测虾病。     

大豆开花后阶段对开花前不同光照处理的反应

试验研究了开花前不同光照处理对大豆开花后的发育、产是必品质性状的影响。结果表明，对于供试的早熟品种来说，开花前短日处理促进成熟的作用远大于对开花的促进，地农艺性状的影响大于对发育进程的促进。前期短日处理使大豆蛋白质、脂肪含量和油酸的比例上升，而使亚油酸的比例下降。文中讨论了开花前光照后效应的作用方式和可能的机制。     

浅谈鹅流感防制

1 新出现鹅的传染病1.1发生情况:自1878年意大利鸡爆发A型禽流感之后,于1956年捷克斯洛伐克和英国学者从鸭中分离到流感病毒。自1956年至九十年代初近四十年中高致病力禽流感大爆发,有1959年的苏格兰(H5N1),1967年的英国(H7N3),1975年的澳大利亚(H7N7),1979年的英国(H5N2),1983年的冰岛(H5N8)和美国(H5N2),1985年的美国(H7N7)和1991年的冰岛(H5N1)8次。九十年代以来,澳大利亚(H7N3和H7N7),巴基斯坦(H7N3),墨西哥(H5N2)和意大利(H7N1)等国家发生高致病力的禽流感。每次大爆发流行对鸡和火鸡养殖业,均造成很大的经济损失。在高…     

枣园病虫害无公害防治研究进展

对枣园病虫害的防治现状、害虫预测预报和微生物农药、植物源农药、抗虫基因利用的研究应用以及天敌的利用、选育抗虫品种、害虫的生态控制等无公害防治技术进行了综述,提出了加强枣树病虫害无公害防治建议.     

小麦品种(系)抗麦红吸浆虫鉴定及利用

2004-2006年利用一套较完整的田间抗性鉴定方法,对425份生产推广品种(审定品种)、区试品种及品种资源进行了抗麦红吸浆虫鉴定。结果表明,不同小麦品种(系)对麦红吸浆虫的抗性差异显著,高抗品种(系)有56份,占供鉴品种的13.18%、中抗品种54份,占12.71%、低抗品种99份,占23.29%。在近年已审定品种中,石7221、良星99、1457、衡71-3、中麦9、石新822、石家庄11号等7个小麦品种对麦红吸浆虫均表现出稳定的抗性。