印度农业基础设施建设的经验及其启示

印度的农业生产条件比我国要恶劣的多,但也正是因为印度积极加强农业基础设施建设,才在农业的很多方面超越了中国。印度农业设施建设的基本经验,对于我国加快社会主义新农村建设,促进农业向集约化现代化转变提供了极其重要的借鉴和启示。     

群体感应调控因子ComA对枯草芽胞杆菌NCD-2抑菌物质产生和生物膜形成的影响

为明确群体感应系统在枯草芽胞杆菌NCD-2菌株抑菌活性和生物膜形成中的作用,通过同源重组技术对群体感应系统中的comA基因进行定位缺失突变,分别比较了NCD-2菌株和comA基因突变子在胞外酶合成、抑菌活性、脂肽抗生素(丰产素)产生以及生物膜形成上的差异,并进一步利用实时荧光定量RT-PCR技术比较了二者生物膜基质编码基因epsA和tasA的表达情况。结果表明,通过同源重组技术获得了comA基因突变子MA-4,同菌株NCD-2相比,其在胞外蛋白酶和纤维素酶的合成能力、对番茄灰霉菌Botrytis cinerea的抑菌活性、丰产素的合成量和生物膜的形成能力上均明显下降;生物膜基质编码基因tasA的表达量下降了70%,而epsA的表达量变化不明显。表明ComA是NCD-2菌株脂肽抗生素和生物膜形成中的重要调控因子。     

甜菜花叶病毒病研究之二——感病细胞超微结构观察

 对不同时期感染甜菜花叶病毒(BtMV)的叶片,进行病理变化系列观察。早期侵染(7天前)的细胞质、细胞器均无变化,随着症状发展,风轮状内含体、束状内含体、细胞核卫星体,细胞质泡囊化旁类似病毒的束状结构,20天达到了高峰,风轮状及束状内含体一直持续两个月还存在。田间样品也观察到了典型的风轮状及束状内含体。细胞核卫星体出现很少。侵染后期,细胞质减少,叶绿体比相应健株提前出现淀粉粒,噬锇颗粒等,基粒片层也提前消解,表现细胞提前衰老的特征。此外细胞内还有许多健株没有的泡状结构。一种为旁壁体,可能与细胞壁加厚有关;一种为多重泡体的叠加,可能是液泡的吞噬作用加强与外源物质(BtMV)侵入有关;另外还有一种可能是过氧化物酶体或线粒体在病毒诱导下泡囊化,其作用不清楚。     

日本金龟子在中国适生区的预测

日本金龟子PopilliajaponicaNewman是一种重要的害虫 ,主要危害草坪和观赏植物。日本金龟子原产日本 ,现在已经分布于许多国家 ,并且造成了严重的经济损失。目前中国尚未有该虫分布。本文通过以计算机为基础的生态气候模型—CLIMEX ,利用气候数据来预测日本金龟子适合的地理分布区 ,预测结果是日本金龟子可以在中国大约 31个市、县地区生存 ,主要是沿海地区和长江流域 ,尤其是中国的中东部地区     

Effects of music stimulus on behavior response,cortisol level,and horizontal immunity of growing pigs

An enriched environment is widely used to improve domestic animals’ welfare and promote their natural behaviors. Music can reduce abnormal behavior in humans, nonhuman primates, and rodents. However, little is known about the effects of music on pigs. This study aims to explore the effects of repeated music stimulation on the behavior, physiology, and immunity of growing pigs. A total of 72 hybrid piglets (Large White × Duroc × Minpig) were randomly divided into three groups, including music (Mozart K.448, 60 to 70 dB), noise (recorded mechanical noise, 80 to 85 dB), and control (natural background sound, <40 dB), and 6 h sound stimulation was given per day (1000 to 1600 hours) from 40 to 100 d of age. The behavioral activities of the pigs were observed during the music stimulation, and their serum cortisol, salivary cortisol, and serum immune indices were also measured. Compared with the control group, the music group and noise group increased activity but decreased lying of pigs (P < 0.05). A significant increase in tail-wagging, playing, and exploring behaviors of pigs was found in the music group (P < 0.05), and the noise significantly increased the aggressive behavior of the pigs (P < 0.05). Tail-wagging, playing, exploring, manipulating, and aggressive behaviors decreased over time. Short-term (8 d) music stimulus had a lower cortisol level than that of the noise and control groups (P < 0.05), whereas long-term (60 d) music stimulus increased immunoglobulin G (IgG), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels (P < 0.05) and decreased interleukin-4 (IL-4) level (P < 0.05). Long-term noise stimulus significantly reduced the level of IgG (P < 0.05) but did not affect the level of IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-γ levels (P > 0.05). In conclusion, short-term music stimulus (8 d) reduced the stress response, whereas long-term music stimulus (60 d) enhanced the immune responses. In addition, the noise increased the aggressive behavior, and long-term noise reduced the immunity of the growing pigs.     

转基因抗虫三系杂交棉邯杂棉13号选育及栽培技术

邯杂棉13号于2021年通过河北省农作物品种审定委员会审定,在冀中南春播植棉区平均生育期120 d,株高103.7 cm,铃重6.4 g,抗枯萎病、耐黄萎病、抗棉铃虫;2018―2019年河北省冀中南春播杂交棉区域试验中,邯杂棉13号每666.7 m²平均籽棉、皮棉和霜前皮棉产量分别为269.3 kg、113.5 kg和102.2 kg。简述了转基因抗虫三系杂交棉邯杂棉13号的选育过程、特征特性、栽培技术措施及制种技术要点。     

葡萄糖对JAL1*杂交瘤细胞生长代谢的影响

研究了不同浓度的葡萄糖对JAL1杂交瘤细胞生长、乳酸及氨的生成等代谢过程的影响。在细胞培养箱中，批培养杂交瘤细胞，培养条件为pH7.0-7.5，温度37℃，5%CO2。结果表明，适宜于该株杂交瘤细胞生长的葡萄糖浓度为加入2－8g/L，所获得的单抗OD405值均在0．6以上，葡萄糖浓度对乳酸、氨积累的影响不大。     

基于粪便纤维组织法探究异地驯养藏羚的食性

基于粪便纤维组织法探讨异地(铁卜加草原站)驯养藏羚的食性。结果表明,在基地生长的50种植物中,伊凡苔草、火绒草、川青早熟禾、洽草等是藏羚最喜爱食用植物,所占比例依次为18%、13%、11%和8%,其中伊凡苔草的茎、火绒草的叶、菥冥的果和迷果芹的花是其喜食部位。在基地驯养藏羚的食物组成中,各科所占比例依次为:禾本科(43%)莎草科(25%)菊科(14%)十字花科(7%)豆科(3%)。与可可西里地区类似,铁卜加地区藏羚以单子叶植物为主要食物。     

Construction of eukaryotic expression vector of fusion gene CD80-IgG and its expression in Chinese hamster ovary cells

AIM: To construct the eukaryotic expression vector CD80-IgG by fusing the cDNA encoding extracellular portion of murine CD80 to the 5'-terminus of cDNA encoding Fc fragment of murine immunoglobulin G1 and to express the fusion protein in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. METHODS: The two cDNAs was amplified by PCR respectively from plasmid pcDNA/B7 containing the full-length cDNA of murine CD80 from murine spleen cells, and cloned to the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.0 by directional cloning. The resultant recombinant plasmid pcDNA/CD80-IgG was transfected into CHO cells with liposome transfection reagent. The stably expressing cells were obtained by G418 screening. Western blot, Dot ELISA, and flow cytometry were used to detect the expression of the fusion protein and its immunological activity. RESULTS: DNA sequencing verified the correction of the construction of recombinant plasmid pcDNA/CD80-IgG. The expressed fusion protein was detected in the supernatant of transfected CHO cells and the molecular weight of the protein was similar to what we expected. Its immunological activity was also established. CONCLUSION: The recombinant plasmid pcDNA/CD80-IgG was successfully constructed and it expressed the fusion protein CD80-IgG.     

产气荚膜梭菌α毒素保护性抗原基因的克隆与核苷酸序列分析

将含产气荚膜梭菌α毒素基因的质粒ｐＫＭＡ１００用限制性核酸内切酶ＢａｍＨＩ和ＨｉｎｄⅢ双酶切,经１．５％琼脂糖凝胶电泳分离、透析袋电洗脱法回收０．９５ｋｂα毒素基因片段,再将载体ｐＥＴ－２８ｂ（＋）用ＢａｍＨＩ和ＨｉｎｄⅢ双酶切,然后将处理好的ｐＥＴ－２８ｂ（＋）与０．９５ｋｂ的α毒素基因片段通过Ｔ４ＤＮＡ连接酶进行粘性末端连接,转化至受体菌ＢＬ２１（ＤＥ３）中。经ＢａｍＨＩ和ＨｉｎｄⅢ双酶切分析和核苷酸序列分析,证明重组质粒ｐＸＥＴＡ１含有产气荚膜梭菌α毒素基因。确定了α毒素基因的全部核苷酸序列,并证明其具有正确的阅读框架。