玉米播种机排种监测的试验研究与设计

在对目前玉米播种机排种监测方法的研究基础上,设计了一套新的玉米播种机排种监测的试验方法:将4对光电传感器并排安装在导种管内壁以监测空或堵的情况并进行报警;同时,利用安装在排种盘的中心轴上的空心转速编码器,测出排种盘转速连同试验所得的空穴率,从而得出玉米排种量。试验结果表明:该方案模拟实际空或堵的报警率达100%,排种量检测平均精度98.37%,各项性能指标均达到了实际要求。     

4LMZ160型履带式苎麻联合收割机的研究

分析了我国苎麻联合收割机现状及存在的问题,设计了适合我国苎麻主产区收获作业的履带式苎麻联合收割机,并对样机的关键部件进行了详细说明。该机一次可完成割幅160mm收割,整机转弯半径小,操作方便,对麻地高垄有较好适应性。其整机结构配置新颖独特,使用半喂入稻麦联合收获机底盘,采用全液压传动技术直接驱动苎麻收割机行走和机具作业,可一次性完成切割、输送、收集功能。田间性能测试结果表明:该机漏割率、割茬高度、作业小时生产率等各项性能指标均到达设计要求。     

基于快速成型技术的植保机械快速设计开发-以农用喷雾器为例

探讨应用先进的快速成型技术,进行植保机械快速设计开发的新途径。以植保机械中常用的农用喷雾器为例,进行喷雾器药液箱体的快速造型设计和手柄开关的快速结构设计,并对其进行分析。设计案例表明:快速成型技术解决了农用喷雾器设计开发中的一些难题,是植保机械快速设计开发的有效工具,对于加快推进植保机械化具有积极的促进作用。     

大蒜种体入土后的直立栽种条件研究

大蒜种体入土后的直立度控制技术是影响大蒜栽种机栽种质量的关键技术之一。基于国内大蒜栽种农艺要求,将吊篮式移栽机原理作为大蒜栽种机栽植系统设计基础,对大蒜栽种机栽植系统特征参数和成穴参数进行研究,并在ADAMS系统环境下,对大蒜栽种机栽植系统运动轨迹进行模拟和分析,得出大蒜种体入土后的直立栽种条件:1λ1,且机组前进速度不影响λ大小;2大蒜栽植系统形成的种穴满足大蒜直立栽种对种穴参数的要求;3机组前进速度不影响种穴形成。     

我国蔬菜育苗产业现状及发展动态

蔬菜育苗是蔬菜生产中的关键环节之一,不仅可以节约用种量、增加复种指数,而且便于集约化管理,在我国有广阔的市场前景。为此,阐述了我国目前主要的几种育苗方法及相关技术,指出现阶段我国蔬菜育苗产业存在着育苗企业良莠不齐、缺乏规范化管理、育苗方法技术滞后和劳动者技术水平低等问题,并有针对性地提出了解决措施。目前,随着我国农业种植结构的调整,蔬菜育苗产业正向基质低廉化、育苗工厂化、育苗专业化及种苗标准化等方向发展。     

区域农业水资源恢复力可变模糊评价模型

区域农业水资源系统是与自然及人类活动紧密联系的复杂适应系统,不断与周围环境发生物质、能量和信息因素方面的交换和作用。以黑龙江省农垦红兴隆管理局12个农场为研究基点,运用主成分-相关分析法筛选评价指标,构建农业水资源恢复力评价指标体系,采用CRITIC法确定指标权重,结合可变模糊模型评价方法对其农业水资源系统恢复力进行评价,并利用ArcGIS技术对其进行分区,结果表明:双鸭山、八五三、北兴和八五二农场的农业水资源恢复力为Ⅱ级,饶河、二九一、五九七、红旗岭、友谊、江川、宝山和曙光的农业水资源恢复力为Ⅲ级。研究成果揭示了当地农业水资源系统力恢复情况,为农业水资源系统恢复力研究提供了一种新的研究模式。     

育种咨询系统中的水稻杂交后代性状预测

杂交育种是一个很复杂的组合过程。由于指导育种的遗传学原理还远不够完善,因此,在实践中更多的是依赖育种家的经验和技巧,从而造成了育种工作中一定程度上的盲目性。为了提高育种效率,有必要发展一套为育种工作服务的咨询系统。利用它协助育种家收集数据、分析育种过程。本文重点阐述水稻杂交咨询系统研制中的杂交后代性状预测方法及原理。     

发展中的中国设施园艺

本文回顾了中国设施园艺发展的悠久历史。本世纪80年代末,已形成以塑料棚为主体,与风障畦、地膜覆畦和温室等相互配套的生产体系,其特点是因地制宜,就地取材,耗能少,节省投资,综合配套。与此同时设施园艺科学研究,学术活动也十分活跃,对工厂化育苗、无土栽培、地膜覆盖、温室结构、高产栽培技术和微机调控综合环境技术等方面开展了研究并取得成果,发表大量论文,中国农业工程学会设施园艺环境工程委员会多次组织学术交流、座谈、考察。此外设施园艺学的教学也有相应发展,在某些高等学校中设置了“农业建筑与环境工程专业”开设“设施园艺学”等课程,并举办各种短训班,培养大批技术人才。     

Study on the Change Rule of Egg Yolk Antibody in Laying Hens after First Immunization by Japanese Encephalitis Virus

The purpose of this experiment was to study the immunization rule of the egg yolk antibody affected by different vaccines,immunization dose and injection ways and further to discuss the optimal immunization procedures of the laying hens for the preparation of egg yolk antibody against swine Japanese encephalitis virus.180 brown laying hens without any vaccines were selected and divided into 18 groups randomly,each group of 10 hens.Groups 1,2 were the control groups,injected with the sterile saline;Groups 3 to 10 were injected with subcutaneous or intramuscular injection,and the vaccine was injected with 0.2,0.5,1.0 and 1.5 mL successively.Groups 11 to 18 were also adopted two kinds of injection,followed by the same dose of vaccine immunization.Six eggs of each experimental group were gathered before immune day and after 3,7,10,14,18,21 and 28 days,the egg yolk antibody was extracted and the titer was determined.As a result,the egg yolk antibody titers of groups 1 to 6,11 and 12 were all 0,and no significant immune response produced;The hens from 7 to 10 groups were injected with the inactivated vaccine.After 7 days,the average antibody titer reached the peak,and the duration of the antibody was 14 days.The hens from 13 to 18 groups were injected with the attenuated virus vaccine.After 14 days,the average antibody titer reached the highest value,and the duration of the antibody was 21 days.The egg yolk antibody titers were not significantly different in the two compared experiment groups with the same injection dose but with different injection ways (P>0.05).With the same injection way of each experiment group,and the difference was significant (P>0.05).Compared with some groups with the same injection and vaccine,the titer of yolk antibody was gradually increased with the increase of the immune dose,and the difference was significant (P<0.05).The results showed that,no matter intramuscular or subcutaneous injection,in order to produce a significant immune response to hens,the immune antigen dose was 1.0 mL inactivated vaccine or 0.5 mL attenuated vaccine at least.Compared with the attenuated and inactivated vaccine,inactivated vaccine stimulated the body to produce the antibody faster,but the maintenance time was shorter;The lower dose of attenuated vaccine could stimulate the body to produce antibodies,but the speed was slower,the maintenance time was longer.     

Preparation and Identification of Canine Parvovirus NY Strain VP2 Protein Polyclonal Antibody

This study was aimed to prepare canine parvovirus (CPV) VP2 protein polyclonal antibody.The recombinant expression vector pET28a-CPV-VP2 was constructed and transfromed into E.coli BL21 (DE3),the expression of recombinant proteins was induced by IPTG from which the fusion protein was identified by SDS-PAGE.The target protein was purified and emulsify with adjuvant,the prepared immunogen was inoculated into rabbit by subcutaneous injections to prepare of VP2 protein specific polyclonal antibody.The immuno-activity,titers,neutralization titers of the prepared polyclonal antibody were determined by immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA).The results showed that the expressed recombinant protein VP2 (rVP2) existed in the form of inclusion body with a molecular weight of 72 ku.The prepared polyclonal antibody titer was 1 600 dilution,the virus titer was 10⁷ TCID₅₀/mL,the neutralizing titer was 1∶2 884.The antibodies showed specific reaction with CPV.In conclusion,rVP2 specific polyclonal antibody showed wonderful immunocompetence,specificity and neutralizing activity,providing foundation for the development of genetic vaccine and clinical therapeutic method.