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71.
S. Kennou Sebei R. Bergaoui M. Ben Hamouda R. G. Cooper 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(7):1427-1438
The aim of the current investigation was to determine wild ostrich reproductive behaviour in Orbata Nature Reserve by observing
16 hens and 28 cocks over a seven-year period. Intense laying commenced in January, one month after the cessation of the rainy
season, and 92% of the eggs were produced during the dry season (January to May, peaking in March). Over the seven years,
1,322 eggs were laid in 69 nests, which corresponded to an annual average production of 19.2 ± 9.1 eggs/nest and 11.8 eggs/hen.
24 nests (34.78%) were non-brooded, 17 nests (24.64%) were deserted in the course of incubation, and 28 nests (40.58%) possessed
hatched eggs. All the non-incubated nests had egg losses equivalent to 46.6 ± 12.6%. Hatchability success of incubated eggs
was 41.9 ± 12.0%. Ostriches tended to dig their nests adjacent to the reserve enclosure which had direct access by road and
track, the latter subjecting them to human disturbance and predation. The systematic obstruction of these nests stimulated
ostriches to build additional nests within the reserve perimeter. The authors discussed the results recorded in an ostrich
flock in relation to the environmental factors (climatic factors, food disponibility and predation) and suggested possibilities
for improved wildlife management. 相似文献
72.
Ma D Zhou C Zhang M Han Z Shao Y Liu S 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2012,35(2):197-207
In the current study, four novel avian β-defensins (AvBDs) (AvBD2, 5, 9, and 10) were identified in tissues from the Chinese goose (Anser cygnoides). The antibacterial activity of the AvBDs showed that all of these AvBDs exhibited antibacterial activity against most of the bacteria investigated (P<0.01). In addition, antibacterial activity of all of the AvBDs against Staphylococcus aureus and Pasteurella multocida decreased significantly or was completely abolished at 150mM NaCl (P<0.01). None of the AvBDs showed hemolytic activity. AvBD2 and AvBD10 were expressed widely, whereas AvBD5 and AvBD9 mRNAs were expressed in a limited number of geese tissues. AvBD9 was significantly induced in some immune tissues from geese after Salmonella enteritidis infection. The others were significantly upregulated in small intestine and some immune tissues of the geese (P<0.01). The present results suggest that the AvBDs are part of the host defense mechanism of the goose. 相似文献
73.
Effects of tea saponins on rumen microbiota,rumen fermentation,methane production and growth performance—a review 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Reducing methane emission from ruminant animals has implications not only for global environmental protection but also for
efficient animal production. Tea saponins (TS) extracted from seeds, leaves or roots of tea plant are pentacyclic triterpenes.
They have a lasting antiprotozoal effect, but little effect on the methanogen population in sheep. There was no significant
correlation between the protozoa counts and methanogens. The TS decreased methanogen activity. It seems that TS influenced
the activity of the methanogens indirectly via the depressed ciliate protozoal population. The TS addition decreased fungal
population in the medium containing rumen liquor in in vitro fermentation, but no such effect was observed in the rumen liquor
of sheep fed TS. Tea saponins had a minor effect on the pattern of rumen fermentation and hence on nutrient digestion. When
added at 3 g/day in diets, TS could improve daily weight gain and feed efficiency in goats. No positive associative effect
existed between TS and disodium fumarate or soybean oil on methane suppression. Inclusion of TS in diets may be an effective
way for improving feed efficiency in ruminants. 相似文献
74.
二氢杨梅素对肉仔鸡生长性能、免疫器官指数及血液生化指标的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
1日龄AA肉公雏300只,随机分为5个组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组在基础日粮中分别添加0%、0.025%、0.05%、0.1%和0.25%的二氢杨梅素(DMY),研究DMY对肉仔鸡生长性能、免疫器官指数及血液常规理化指标等影响。结果表明:1)日粮中添加不同剂量的DMY对肉仔鸡日增重有提高的趋势,0.05%的DMY显著提高肉仔鸡饲料转化率(P<0.01);试验期间,各组试验鸡生长发育正常,各组织器官未见异常。2)0.05%DMY显著提高21d肉仔鸡法氏囊指数(P<0.05);3)0.25%DMY组显著降低21d肉仔鸡血清总蛋白、白蛋白含量,对球蛋白无显著影响;4)0.025%、0.05%DMY显著降低21d肉鸡血清谷丙转氨酶(GPT)活性(P<0.05,P<0.01),0.025%~0.1%剂量的DMY能显著降低42d肉鸡血清GOT活性(P<0.05);5)各剂量的DMY对21、42d肉鸡血清谷草转氨酶(GOT)无显著影响。 相似文献
75.
76.
苜蓿萌发期耐盐性综合评价与耐盐种质筛选 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为探明苜蓿(Medicago L.)萌发期耐盐性评价方法并筛选耐盐种质,采用加权隶属函数法对120个苜蓿种质进行综合评价并划分为不同的耐盐级别。试验以150 mmol·L-1 NaCl溶液进行盐胁迫,以发芽势等13个性状来鉴定苜蓿对盐胁迫的反应,以耐盐系数为评价依据。结果表明:150 mmol·L-1的盐溶液对苜蓿种子萌发和幼苗生长均有一定的抑制作用,发芽势、发芽率、萌发指数比幼苗生长受抑制的程度更大;盐胁迫对根的抑制程度大于苗。相关分析表明,加权隶属函数法可以综合评价苜蓿萌发期耐盐性。根据加权隶属函数值和聚类分析,可将120个种质分为耐盐性不同的5个级别:11个种质高耐盐(1级)、24个种质耐盐(2级)、38个种质中等(3级)、36个种质敏盐(4级)、11个种质高敏盐(5级)。 相似文献
77.
用PEG“引发”沙打旺种子活力及抗逆性的研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
应用PEG“引发”沙打旺种子,能提高发芽率,增强发芽势,缩短发芽成苗时间。可以在北方半干旱地区充分有效地利用早春降雨。还可以提高幼苗的抗逆性,增强对早春寒的低卸能力,并探讨了PEG渗透调控的机理和不同时间处理增强发芽势的效果。 相似文献
78.
选用健康乌苏里幼公貉63只,随机分为7组(每组9只)。1~4组用以探讨适宜蛋白质水平,其蛋白质水平分别为31.54%、36.39%,40.37%和43.53%;5-7组用以探讨适宜能量水平,其能量水平分别为19589.78,21860.94和22600.04k J/kg。试验分育成前期和冬毛生长期两个阶段进行,饲喂同一营养水平的日粮。结果表明,育成前期饲喂蛋白质水平为36.39%的日粮,可获得理想的体重、体长及经济效益。 冬毛生长期,日粮蛋白质水平在31.54%~43.53%范围内,对幼貉的体重和体长无显著影响。育成期以饲喂能量水平为21860.94~22600.04 k J/kg的日粮为宜。育成前期适宜的蛋能比为16.1~16.6,冬毛生长期为14.0~14.4。 相似文献
79.
12 cattle microsatellite DNA markers were used for establishing the paternity of 4 Datong Yak calves.The results indicated that paternity can be assigned by use of exclusion method directely when the mother is clearly known and data of all likely sires were obtained. The more the alleles of a locus possessed, the more effectively the paternity can be assigned. Not only the microsatellite DNA marker is a promising tool in establishment of yak detail pedigrees, but also can provide us information of reproductive efficiency of the bull(s) based on the numbers of calves it produced in the herd, which will be useful in speeding up the processes of yak genetics improvement. 相似文献
80.