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排序方式: 共有113条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
62.
Lamiae Amallah Mouna Taghouti Keltoum Rhrib Fatima Gaboun Moustapha Arahou Rachida Hassikou Ghizlane Diria 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2016,19(2):137-150
Over recent years, quality has become an important commercial issue for durum wheat breeders. Modern breeding methods are most efficient for producing and supplying the best quality raw materials to the pasta industry. Here we assessed the effectiveness of molecular marker-assisted selection of quality traits in durum wheat. To this end, DNA and quality trait markers were jointly used to analyze quality-related traits in a durum wheat collection. A total of 132 durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) Mediterranean landraces, international lines, and Moroccan cultivars were analyzed for seven important qualityrelated traits including thousand-kernel weight (TKW), test weight (TW), gluten strength, yellow pigment (YP), and grain protein content (GPC). Additionally, 18 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers previously reported to be associated with different quality traits were analyzed. Of these, 14 (78%) were polymorphic and four were monomorphic. There were between two and seven alleles per locus, with an average of four alleles per locus. The average phenotypic variation value (R2) ranged from 2.81 to 20.43%. Association analysis identified nine markers significantly associated with TKW, TW, and YP, followed by eight markers associated with GPC, six markers associated with yellow index b, four markers associated with brightness L, and three markers associated with SDS-sedimentation volume. This study highlights the efficiency of SSR technology, which holds promise for a wide range of applications in marker-assisted wheat breeding programs. 相似文献
63.
Rizvi A Hasan S Alam M Zafar A Fatima T Shareef PA Banu N Saleemuddin M Saifullah MK Abidi SM 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,185(2-4):164-167
The levels of oxidative stress markers are an important indicator of the physiological state of the parasite and its host. In the present study levels of lipid peroxidation, glutathione S transferase, glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase were determined in the Clinostomum complanatum progenetic metacercaria, obtained from the fish peritoneum (a hypoxic habitat). The in vivo transformed ovigerous adult worms were obtained from the aerobic environment of the buccopharyngeal region of experimentally infected chickens. Levels of antioxidant molecules were also determined in the blood of experimentally infected chickens. An increase in the levels of lipid peroxidation, and a significant decrease in the levels of glutathione S transferase, glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase was observed in the infected host as compared to the controls. In the ovigerous worms, the levels of lipid peroxidation, glutathione S transferase, glutathione, superoxide dismutase were found to be significantly less than the levels observed in the progenetic metacercaria. Since the establishment of worm in the buccal cavity of the avian host would lead to its exposure to oxygen and the haematophagous nature of the parasite also exposes it to the free radicals in the host blood, the progenetic metacercaria has evolved to produce excess free radical scavenging molecules reserved to combat the oxidative stress encountered within the microhabitat of the definitive host. 相似文献
64.
An in vitro clonal propagation procedure for mature Tectona grandis (teak) trees is described. Multiple shoots were induced from nodal segments through axillary bud proliferation. A shoot multiplication
rate of 6.33 was achieved on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with 10 μM 6-benzyladenine BA and 1 μM 1-naphthalene
acetic acid (NAA) during every subculture cycle of 4 weeks. In vitro raised shoots could be successfully rooted (66.66%) on
liquid MS medium supplemented with 15 μM NAA, with 1.60 roots per shoot, every 6 weeks of culture. In vitro hardening was
carried out in sand soaked with half-strength MS medium (organic free). The plantlets were acclimatized first in a mist chamber
and then in polybags in a mixture of soil, sand, and farmyard manure (1 : 1 : 1 v/v) in a shade house. 相似文献
65.
Fatima Jaiti Jean Luc Verdeil Ismail El Hadrami 《Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology》2009,74(1):84-90
Bayoud, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis (Foa), is the most damaging disease of date palm in Morocco. In the present study we have investigated the effect of jasmonic acid (JA) on two defence-related enzymes, namely peroxidases (POX) and polyphenoloxidases (PPO) in date palm seedlings root. Our data show that exogenous application of JA at a concentration of 50 μM increased the activity of both enzymes. The increase of POX activity in the presence of JA was much more important than that observed following infection with the pathogen. As compared to untreated plants, PPO activity was 2.2 and 1.3 times higher in BSTN and JHL cultivars respectively. In addition, PAGE analysis revealed increased band intensity of the major constitutive isoforms of POX and PPO in both JA-treated and Foa-treated seedlings. Close examination of symptomatic and asymptomatic plants showed that root tissues of symptomatic plants were massively colonized by Foa. Also, disease development in these plants appeared to involve a marked degradation of the host cell walls early during the process of pathogen invasion. In contrast, the presence of Foa in asymptomatic plants induced limited necrotic lesions (hypersensitive-reaction like lesions) that were probably involved in reducing the progression of the pathogen. Together, our findings indicate that JA is capable of enhancing date palm root resistance to infection by Foa via the activation of defence-related enzymes such as PPO and POX. 相似文献
66.
Rodríguez-Alcalá LM García-Martínez MC Cachón F Marmesat S Alonso L Marquez-Ruiz G Fontecha J 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(16):6533-6538
Changes in the lipid composition of two standard infant formulas induced by 4 years of storage were determined. Lipids were thoroughly analyzed using different gas-liquid and liquid-liquid chromatographic techniques. Oleic acid and linoleic acid, which accounted for almost the total monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, respectively, showed slight but significant decreases (P < 0.05) during the 4 years of storage (from 41.52 to 39.83% for oleic acid and from 17.35 to 15.99% for linoleic acid). Total trans fatty acid isomers showed low initial level (0.22% of total fatty acids), and such level remained unchanged during the storage period. Nonvolatile oxidation compounds including oxidized, dimeric, and polymeric triglycerides did not significantly increase during the storage period, although a significant loss of tocopherols was found in the surface oil fraction (10-15%). In general, the results obtained indicate that, although small losses of oleic and linolenic acid as well as tocopherols were found, the 4 year storage period did not lead to relevant changes in the lipid fraction of infant formulas. 相似文献
67.
68.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of inoculation with plant growth-promoting Rhizobium and Pseudomonas species on NaCl-affected maize. Two cultivars of maize (cv. Agaiti 2002 and cv. Av 4001) selected on the basis of their yield
potential were grown in pots outdoors under natural conditions during July. Microorganisms were applied at seedling stage
and salt stress was induced 21 days after sowing and maintained up to 50% flowering after 120 days of stress. The salt treatment
caused a detrimental effect on growth and development of plants. Co-inoculation resulted in some positive adaptative responses
of maize plants under salinity. The salt tolerance from inoculation was generally mediated by decreases in electrolyte leakage
and in osmotic potential, an increase in osmoregulant (proline) production, maintenance of relative water content of leaves,
and selective uptake of K ions. Generally, the microbial strain acted synergistically. However, under unstressed conditions,
Rhizobium was more effective than Pseudomonas but under salt stress the favorable effect was observed even if some exceptions were also observed. The maize cv. Agaiti
2002 appeared to be more responsive to inoculation and was relatively less tolerant to salt compared to that of cv. Av 4001. 相似文献
69.
Rachid Mrabet Najib Saber Azeddine El-Brahli Sabah Lahlou Fatima Bessam 《Soil & Tillage Research》2001,57(4):225-235
Wheat production in Morocco is constrained by both scarce climate and degraded soil quality. There is an urgent need to revert production decline while restoring country’s soils. Among conservation tillage systems known for their improvement in yield, no-till technology was found to influence soil quality as well. Soil quality indices are also affected by wheat rotations at medium and long-terms. This paper discusses changes in selected properties of a Calcixeroll soil, including total and particulate soil organic matter (SOM), pH, total N and aggregation, subjected, for 11 consecutive years, to various conservation and conventional agricultural systems. Tillage systems included no-tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT). Crop rotations were continuous wheat, fallow–wheat, fallow–wheat–corn, fallow–wheat–forage and fallow–wheat–lentils. Higher aggregation, carbon sequestration, pH decline and particulate organic matter (POM) buildup are major changes associated with shift from conventional- to NT system. Better stability of aggregates was demonstrated by a significantly greater mean weight diameter under NT (3.8 mm) than CT system (3.2 mm) at the soil surface. There was 13.6% SOC increase in (0–200 mm) over the 11-year period under NT, while CT did not affect much this soil quality indicator. Another valuable funding is the stratification of SOC and total nitrogen in NT surface horizon (0–25 mm) without their depletion at deeper horizon compared to tillage treatments. Fallow–wheat system resulted in reduction of SOC compared to WW, but 3-year wheat rotation tended to improve overall soil quality. Benefits from crop rotation in terms of organic carbon varied between 2.6 and 11.7%, with fallow–wheat–forage exhibiting the maximum. Combined use of NT and 3-year fallow rotation helped to improve soil quality in this experiment. 相似文献
70.
Nihel Klouche Khelil Nadia Aissaoui Fatima Nas Jean Luc Cayol Lotfi Ghellai 《农业科学与技术》2013,(10):825-834
A halotolerant, gram positive, motile and rod, was isolated from the E1 Gol6a lake of Ghardaia, Alegria and screened for its antimicrobial potential. The strain showed an inhibitory effect to gram positive and gram negative bacteria against Cladosporium spp. and a slight inhibitory effect against C. albicans using chloroform as the extraction solvent and the nutrient broth as production medium. 16S rRNA sequencing showed that the isolate named LMB3981 is a new taxon in the family of Bacillaceae (with 96% similarity). The strain is close to Filobacillus milosensis and Bacillus haloalkaliphilum with 95% similarity. The phenotypic study showed differences between LMB3981 and two strains that are near and have confirmed the results of 16S rRNA sequencing by specific metabolic properties of the strain. 相似文献