Research Progress on Bacterial Resistance in Environment

Antibiotic resistance genes have become a recognized environmental pollutant, threatening the ecological safety and human health. The application of antibiotics in the clinical and animals breeding, making the environmental microorganisms living with the impact of the residue of antibiotics and elements of resistance genetic and leading to antibiotic resistant bacteria to gain a competitive advantage and destroyed the stability of ecosystem. In this paper, we expounded the concept of resistance gene transmission by the view of macro environment. Through analyzing the mechanism of resistance development,environmental pollution caused by drug resistance and the impact of environmental microorganism for drug resistance, we clarified the key role of the environment in the development of the characteristics of bacterial resistance and analysis environmental resistance.Such as the ecological diversity of flora, the types and the spread of resistant bacteria, the residues of antibiotics and the transmission of the resistance genes.     

北京市屋顶绿化滞尘及不同材质热辐射效应测定

为探讨屋顶绿化的滞尘效应和不同材质的热辐射效应,试验进行了屋顶滞尘试验研究。滞尘测试结果表明:花园式屋顶绿化滞尘量平均为25.1349g/m2,比简单式屋顶绿化滞尘率高约10个百分点。热辐射对比测定得出:裸露屋顶热像值明显高于绿化屋顶,屋顶绿化是缓解城市热岛效应的关键手段。屋顶单一植物绿化,其热像值高于多种植物复层结构群落式绿化;佛甲草等景天属植物的热像值高于草坪地被植物,草坪地被植物的热像值高于乔灌木;植物花体部分的热像值高于叶体部分;枯死植物热像值明显高于活体植物;呼吸蒸腾作用弱的植物热像值高于呼吸蒸腾作用旺盛的植物。     

广州石门国家森林公园野生观赏植物资源调查

通过野外调查和查阅文献资料,得出石门国家森林公园共有野生观赏植物122科267属377种,其中蕨类植物19科23属28种,裸子植物4科5属7种,被子植物99科239属342种。分析了石门国家森林公园野生观赏植物资源的基本特征和用途,并探讨其保护和开发利用。     

‘紫罗兰’白菜叶片再生体系的建立

以‘紫罗兰’白菜无菌苗叶片为外植体,研究了不同6-BA和NAA浓度组合对白菜真叶不定芽再生的影响,同时采用不同生根培养基对再生芽进行生根诱导。结果表明:诱导‘紫罗兰’白菜真叶分化的适宜培养基为MS+2mg/L 6-BA+1mg/L NAA+4mg/L AgNO3,每个外植体平均再生芽数为1.42个;生根培养基以MS+0.5mg/L NAA最佳,平均每个不定芽诱导根数为16.54个。该试验结果为‘紫罗兰’白菜材料的快速繁殖提供了理论和技术参考。     

油用牡丹丹皮液对青椒丙二醛含量及抗氧化酶活性的影响

以青椒为试材,采用超声波、水煮、蒸馏3种方法提取的油用牡丹丹皮液来处理贮藏期青椒,对青椒丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性进行研究。结果表明:与对照相比,丹皮液处理提高了抗氧化酶SOD、POD、CAT的活性,减少了MDA的积累。说明丹皮液处理通过调节抗氧化酶体系活性调节活性氧代谢,能减轻青椒膜脂过氧化伤害,利于青椒储藏。     

中国31个省级行政区环境友好型社会发展状况综合评价与空间分异

为了评价环境友好型社会发展状况,文中根据环境友好社会的内涵,在遵循综合评价指标体系构建的一般原则基础上,从环境影响总量、环境影响发展和环境保护潜力等三个方面,构建了环境友好型社会综合评价指标体系,并使用2011年统计数据,对中国31个省级行政区的环境友好型社会发展状况进行综合评价和聚类分析.研究结果表明:中国31个省级行政区的环境友好型社会发展状况可以划分为五类;在空间分布上,环境友好型社会程度相对较高的省份大多位于东部沿海地区和西部国界线附近的不发达地区,而环境友好型社会程度相对较弱的省份大多位于京津唐冀和晋等省份和地区.这一研究结论对相关的政府部门决策具有重要的参考价值.     

论我国行政文化的传统特征与现代重构

以“官本位”、“人治”、集权和封闭性与排他性为特征的我国传统行政文化正受到严峻挑战。服务行政、法治化行政、参与式行政和整合行政将是我国行政文化现代重构的价值选择，从而更好推动我国社会经济的发展。     

基质浇施黄腐酸钾对黄瓜幼苗的影响

对基质栽培的黄瓜幼苗浇施不同浓度的黄腐酸钾,通过研究其对黄瓜幼苗形态指标(株高、茎粗、根体积、最大根长、地上、地下部干鲜质量)、壮苗指数、叶绿素含量、根系活力等的影响。试验结果表明,在较低浓度水平下,黄腐酸钾可以显著提高黄瓜地下部干物质积累,增加根体积和根长,提高根系活力;高浓度的黄腐酸钾可抑制幼苗生长;而60~120 mg/L黄腐酸钾处理有利于培育壮苗。     

Identification of Suspected Stem/progenitor Cells in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells Culture System

To develop the potential function of dairy cow mammary stem cells (DCMECs) in regulation of lactation,we identify putative DCMECs which were BrdU label retaining epithelial cells,at the same time,analysis the location of two new mammary stem cells molecular marks FNDC3B and PROCR to verify the feasibility of them to indicate DCMECs.The mRNA levels of prolactin,growth hormone,insulin-like growth factor-1 and their receptors were detected along with cell passage by Real-time quantitative PCR.The results showed that the proportion of BrdU label-retaining epithelial cells was nearly 0.4% after 25 d continuous culture (passaged 4 times) and few cells were positive for FNDC3B or PROCR.Moreover,we observed the BrdU labelled epithelial cells by asymmetric division.The mRNA levels of prolactin,growth hormone,insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ and their receptors in primary and passage cells were extremely significant difference(P<0.01).DCMECs would rapidly lose some physiological characteristics and the ability of milk synthesis when not under the condition of induction of lactation differentiation,but a certain percentage of mammary stem/progenitor cells will be retained,whose potential effects on the regulation of lactation and mammary acinar remodeling were worthy of attention.     

火龙果镰刀菌果腐病病原菌鉴定及生物学特性研究

采用形态学特征观察、rDNA-ITS序列、EF-1α序列比对和系统发育树分析的方法对引起火龙果镰刀菌果腐病病原菌进行鉴定,并初步研究其生物学特性。结果表明:引起火龙果镰刀菌果腐病是单隔镰刀菌(Fusarium dimerum Penzig in Saccardo),这是该菌引起火龙果果腐病在国内的首次报道。该菌菌丝生长的适宜温度25~35℃,最适温度30℃,适宜产孢温度25~35℃,最适产孢温度30~35℃,致死温度75℃(10 min);适宜pH5~9,最适pH7,最适产孢pH4;连续光照、D-果糖为碳源、牛肉膏和蛋白胨为氮源时最有利于该菌菌丝生长;完全黑暗、D-半乳糖为碳源、尿素为氮源时最有利于该菌产孢。综合分析认为,该菌耐高温,光照充足、弱酸和富含有机营养的环境有利于该菌的生长和繁殖。