Up-regulated expression of PD-1 and its ligands during acute Classical Swine Fever virus infection in swine

In order to investigate the relationship between the PD-1 pathway and impairment of immune responses with the CSFV infection, the mRNA expression of PD-1 and its ligands were evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) during artificial CSFV infection. Simultaneously, expression of IL-2 and IL-10 mRNA were detected. The T cell proliferation and CSFV load in plasma were also measured. Results showed that the expression of PD-1 and its ligands mRNA were significantly increased (p < 0.01) in PBMC from 3 to 7 days post infection (dpi). Meanwhile the level of IL-10 was up-regulated (p < 0.01). The IL-2 mRNA was not obviously changed but it is significantly increased from 14 dpi. The T cell proliferation was notably decreased at 7 dpi. The CSFV load was also increased in plasma. Overall, our results suggest that the expression of PD-1 and its ligands were up-regulated and probably correlated with immune inhibition during acute CSFV infection.     

关于SBS改性沥青在旧路改造工程上的设计及施工

在良好的设计配合比和施工条件下,SBS沥青能使沥青路面的耐久性和高温稳定性明显提高。本文将根据施工试验情况,论述SBS改性沥青的施工技术要求。     

基于遥感技术的森林可燃物类型划分

应用监督分类法中的最大似然法(Maximum Likelihood Classification)以及遥感图像对塔河林业局森林可燃物类型划分的结果为:针叶林、阔叶林、针阔混交林、空地等几种类型,并绘制了可燃物类型分布图,经分类精度检验,总体分类精度为83.00%,KAPPA系数为0.769。同时,对不同可燃物类型的特点进行了分析。     

Water-use efficiency of a poplar plantation in Northern China

The water-use efficiency (WUE) of an ecosystem—defined as the gross ecosystem production (GEP) divided by the evapotranspiration (ET)—is an important index for understanding the coupling of water and carbon and quantifying water–carbon trade-offs in forests. An open-path eddy covariance technique and a microclimate measurement system were deployed to investigate the WUE of a poplar plantation ecosystem in the Daxing District of Beijing, China, during the growing seasons in 2006, 2007, and 2008. We found that WUE values changed diurnally, peaking in early morning and showing a minimum between 2 pm and 3 pm. This pattern was regulated by photosynthetically active radiation, saturated vapor pressure deficit, and stomatal opening and closure. WUE had inter-daily variations but no substantial seasonal variation. The WUE decreased with increasing soil water content due to the higher sensitivity of ET than GEP to increased soil moisture. Under moist soil conditions (i.e., relative extractable water content >0.4), GEP was stable and WUE was generally low. These results suggest that the poplar plantation does not effectively use the available soil water for carbon uptake, and that soil moisture is lost to the atmosphere through ET.     

黔中地区黄心夜合野生资源现状及其群落物种多样性特征

通过对黔中地区的黄心夜合野生资源进行调查,摸清其资源量、分布情况和生境条件,并对其群落物种多样性特征进行分析,结果显示:(1)黔中地区共有14个黄心夜合野生资源分布地,面积达4万多m2,共有大树454株,幼、小树132株,仅8个点有天然更新情况,资源量少而散,更新能力低;(2)各分布区的生境条件各异,适生范围较广;(3)全区仅有2个黄心夜合群落(乌当区王岗村群落和息烽县天台山群落),其群落多样性变化趋势基本一致,表现为:Shannon-Wiener指数,草本层>灌木层和乔木层;Pielou指数,草本层>灌木层>乔木层;Simpson指数,乔木层≥草本层>灌木层,说明草本层的物种丰富度最高,分布更均匀,乔木和草本的优势种非常明显,灌木层优势种不明显。     

野生胶红酵母糖苷酶水解媚丽新酒中香气糖苷研究

实验分离提取杨凌媚丽葡萄新酒中的香气糖苷,添加优选野生胶红酵母的糖苷酶液,进行催化水解实验,萃取水解生成的品种香气成分,进行GC-MS检测分析。以杏仁β-糖苷酶、黑曲霉果胶酶、La Fort商业果胶酶作催化比较实验。结果表明,杏仁β-糖苷酶标准品催化水解生成的游离香气成分种类和含量最多,其次是野生胶红酵母酶液和黑曲霉果胶酶。酶促水解生成的游离成分中,萜烯类和去甲类异戊二烯化合物能够赋予葡萄酒果香和花香,微量的酚酸酯可增加香气的复杂性,而含量很高的脂肪族类化合物和挥发性酚类会带给葡萄酒不良气味。因此,具有中等催化水解香气糖苷能力的野生胶红酵母的糖苷酶具有良好的增香酿造应用潜力。     

生鲜乳金黄色葡萄球菌污染来源调查及其耐药性

为考察贵阳市生鲜乳中金黄色葡萄球菌污染环节及其对药物的敏感性,采集贵阳市周边5个大型奶牛场及一个牛奶加工厂的乳区棉签拭子75份和各生产环节奶样310份,按国家标准(GB 4789.10—2010)分离鉴定金黄色葡萄球菌,并测定其对9种常用抗菌药物的敏感性。结果表明:生鲜乳中金黄色葡萄球菌污染主要来源于牛乳头内;传统的"弃前三把奶"工艺对降低生鲜乳中金黄色葡萄球菌污染的作用不明显;规范的乳区消毒可以有效地降低乳头外环境金黄色葡萄球菌对生鲜乳安全的影响;所调查奶牛场的金黄色葡萄球菌对磺胺类、β-内酰胺类和四环素类药物的耐药水平较高。     

魁蚶中间育成试验研究

当年常温育苗的稚贝生长期主要在8～11月,12月～翌年2月为越冬期。采用 W—a·L~b 这一幂函数描述稚贝壳长与体重的相关关系(W 代表体重、L 代表壳长)。风浪小、饵料丰富的内湾及虾池是稚贝适宜的中间育成水域。早育苗、早出库增加稚贝有效生长时间是获得大规格种苗的关键。稚贝壳长达5.0～6.0mm 时应及时分苗,调整网目及密度,保持网袋流水畅通。沙蚕、海星、蟹类是稚贝的敌害,夏季高温容易造成1龄贝大量死亡。     

福建沿海文蛤产地和暂养地贝类素毒化状况

采集福建沿海文蛤产地，暂养地的文蛤，结合分析其所生长的个体情况，检测其DSP和PSP，结果表明：福建沿海文蛤产地和暂养地未出现的DSP，PSP毒化状况。