家蚕谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶研究进展

谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶在内外源有毒物质的代谢中起着重要作用。家蚕既是重要的经济昆虫,也是重要的模式生物。家蚕作为鳞翅目昆虫的模式生物,研究家蚕谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶,对于阐明谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶与杀虫剂抗性的关系,防治农林害虫有着重要的理论意义。本文就谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶在家蚕中的研究现状作了归纳,希望对今后谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶的研究能有所帮助。     

异源抗体对接方法预测流感病毒血凝素B细胞构象表位

为了对异源抗体对接方法预测流感病毒血凝素B细胞构象表位的可行性进行分析,本研究基于蛋白质相互作用界面的形状互补理论,使用异源抗体(来自于抗原抗体复合物1G9M、1RVF、1TPX、1NCA、1A2Y)的晶体结构同流感病毒血凝素(A/Aichi/2/68(H3N2))的晶体结构进行刚性分子对接,通过计算B细胞表位的预测表面和实际表面C-α原子之间的RSMD以及表位氨基酸的准确率,分析用异源抗体探测出血凝素B细胞表位的可能性。结果表明,不同的异源抗体均可结合到A/Aichi/2/68(H3N2)的已知B细胞表位,最佳的对接构象与原晶体结构重叠后表位残基C-α原子的均方根偏差均小于0.6埃,表位氨基酸预测的准确性大于60%,说明异源抗体对接方法可以尝试用于B细胞构象表位的预测。     

Ultrastructural impairment of islet microvascular endothelial cells in STZ-induced type 1 diabetic mice

AIM: To investigate the ultrastructural changes of islet microvascular endothelial cells in STZ-induced type 1 diabetic mice. METHODS: BALB/c mice were randomly divided into diabetic group and control group. The expression of insulin and platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD31) in islet microvessels was detected by immunohistochemical staining. The ultrastructural changes of islet β cells and islet microvessels were observed under transmission electron microscope. RESULTS: Compared with control group, the number of islet β cells, ratio of β cells/α cells, average number of secretory granules in β cells and insulin expression area per islet in diabetic group were significantly decreased (P<0.01). Besides, diabetic group had fewer microvessels with lower expression of CD31 (P<0.01). Mitochondria in islet microvascular endothelial cells and pericytes in diabetic group were swelling. The basement membrane of islet microvessels became thicker in diabetic group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Islet microvascular endothelial cells were impaired in type 1 diabetic mice.     

苯并芘对猪卵母细胞SHH信号通路影响的研究

如今空气污染问题仍广泛存在,其中苯并芘（Benzo （a） pyrene,BaP）是一种常见的空气污染物,对人和动物的健康具有严重影响。据报道,BaP可以显著降低卵母细胞IVM （卵母细胞体外成熟）能力,但机制尚不清楚。因此,本研究在猪卵母细胞IVM培养液中添加不同浓度BaP （50 μM、100 μM、200 μM）检测其对卵母细胞IVM能力的影响,并检测此过程SHH信号通路相关基因和蛋白的表达。结果显示50 μM BaP处理组卵母细胞IVM能力显著低于对照组（76.5 vs 68.1,P<0.05）,并随着BaP浓度增加进一步下降。同时,qPCR和免疫荧光染色检测发现,50 μM BaP处理组卵母细胞中SHH信号通路相关基因mRNA和蛋白表达量,均显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。因此,本研究初步证明BaP可能通过破坏SHH信号通路降低猪卵母细胞IVM能力。     

梳脱式联合收割机脱粒与输送装置模糊控制系统

建立了梳脱式联合收割机脱粒与输送装置的动力学模型，应用Fuzzytoo1box设计了模糊控制器。当作物属性变化等因素而引起该装置的工作负荷发生较大变化时，模糊控制器能够对机组前进速度傲出相应的调整，使被控量迅速恢复到设定值附近，且能保持稳定，有利于发挥机器的最大的工作潜能，提高机器的可靠性，降低机器故障率。     

新城疫病毒La Sota株HN基因的克隆与序列分析

旨在从分子生物学角度进一步研究新城疫病毒La Sota株HN基因,探究NDV La Sota HN基因的遗传变异情况。研究以试验室冻存的p NDV-HN为模版,根据Gen Bank中登录的NDV La Sota株序列设计引物扩增HN基因,将其克隆到pMD18-T载体后进行鉴定,对鉴定正确的重组质粒p MD-NDV-HN进行测序分析。应用生物信息学软件对新城疫病毒Lasota株HN基因进行系统进化树分析、氨基酸序列同源性分析、糖基化位点、蛋白结构跨膜区分析及磷酸化位点预测分析。核苷酸序列测定结果表明:HN基因的序列长度为1743bp,该基因的开放阅读框(Open Reading Frame,ORF)总长为1716 bp,编码571个氨基酸。生物信息学表明:试验获得的HN基因具有6个潜在糖基化位点及12个半胱氨酸残基,第5个潜在糖基化位点(508-510 aa)发生缺失及第123位半胱氨酸残基被色氨酸残基取代。La Sota株HN基因编码的蛋白质中有29个丝氨酸、10个酪氨酸和16个苏氨酸可能成为蛋白激酶磷酸化位点。将试验获得的La Sota株HN基因序列和推导的氨基酸序列与新城疫毒株的HN基因相应序列比较后发现,它们的核苷酸序列同源性和氨基酸序列同源性最高均可达到99%,表明HN基因在种属间具有较高的保守性。研究为新城疫病毒的分子病毒学研究奠定了基础。     

农民生计多样性影响因素调查分析 ——以丰都县为例

丰都县农民生计多样性在整个西部地区比较具有代表性，但对于影响农民生计多样性的因素一直缺乏实证研究。该次调查采用参与性农村评估法（PRA），对丰都县名山镇（两汇口、古家店、鹿鸣寺）、社坛镇（三桥、德盛、干坛）、武平镇（殷家坝、坝周村）的农民生计方式及影响农民生计多样性的因素进行调查研究。研究表明，影响农民生计多样性的因素大致包括：自然资源、环境、人力资本、物质基础、社会关系、国家政策等方面     

Controlling Techniques of Channel Sharing in HFC Network

The techniques of sharing a channel in HFC are original with regard to those of Ethernet and Ring. In this paper, the analysis is stressed on the method of the upstream bandwidth allocation, the collision resolving, and the relationship among them, beginning with MAP management message. The MAP is a complex frame, in which the messages of ranging opportunity needed by the CM at the access beginning, bandwidth allocation contention, bandwidth allocation and collision detection are included. The access way for a user is explained after the frame format and functions of a MAP are illustrated. Finally, upstream bandwidth allocation, the cause of collision, algorithm and the process to solve the collision and so on are studied.     

A Study on the Method of Time-Resource Optimization of Engineering Projects

This paper investigates the coordinated operation of the progress planning with the resource planning when carrying out engineering projects and puts forward a method of "RSM" under the resource limit conditions. Then, the "RSM" was improved to avoid complicated calculation. This method not only reduces the calculating work by hand but saves computer's memory as well, making the time-resource optimization work more quick and convenient.     

A Thermodynamic Criteria for Evaluation of Heat Exchanger Performance

The concept of loss rate of available energy was introduced for evaluating heat exchanger performance. At the same time, the general expression of loss rate of available energy was obtained for heat exchangers of several typical. And NL criteria was recommended for evaluation of the loss rate of available energy of heat exchanger. Then. the influences of inlet temperatures ratio, heat capacity ratio of fluids, the number of heat transfer units and flow patterns of heat exchanger on ,VL criteria were also discussed.