家鸭流感病毒的流行病学研究 Ⅱ.鸭源A型流感病毒对鹌鹑与鸡的致病性

利用６株鸭源Ａ型流感病毒（ＡＩＶ）的鸡胚传１代、２代或３代尿囊液,采用滴鼻－点眼、腹腔注射、静脉注射或肌注－腹注等途径,分别对鹌鹑、商品来航鸡、ＳＰＦ来航鸡进行人工感染。结果,鹌鹑５０％发病,无死亡;商品鸡１００％发病,死亡６２．５％;ＳＰＦ鸡１００％发病,死亡９２．４％。结果显示,腹腔注射和静脉注射最为有效,滴鼻、点眼的致病效果同样确实。本试验发现雄禽比雌禽易感,发病率高。试验表明,鸭源弱致病性流感病毒对其他禽类存在致病潜力,因而具有一定的流行病学意义及生态学意义。     

2020年山东省牛羊疫病报告及监测数据分析

为了解山东省牛羊疫病的流行及免疫现状,汇总2020年山东省牛羊疫病报告数据以及监测数据等信息,分析牛羊疫病的时间分布、空间分布及病种分布;结合监测情况,分析牛羊疫病的免疫状况和暴发风险.2020年山东省牛病以新生犊牛腹泻、牛病毒性腹泻和牛传染性鼻气管炎为主,突发输入性牛结节性皮肤病,羊病以沙门氏菌病、绵羊疥癣和布鲁氏菌...     

Intake and digestibility in sheep and chemical composition during different seasons of some West African browse species

Foliage of Afzelia africana, Pterocarpus erinaceus and Khaya senegalensis, from 10 trees per species, was collected every two weeks during the late dry, rainy and cool season to determine the seasonal effects on chemical composition. Fifteen rams of the Djallonké breed, weighing on average 20.0 kg, were used to evaluate the voluntary intake and digestibility of hay of A. gayanus, foliage of A. africana (as a sole feed), and A. africana, P. erinaceus and K. senegalensis offered with 30% of the diet as A. gayanus hay. The crude protein (CP) content of A. africana, and P. erinaceus decreased significantly from the late dry season to the cool season when that of K. senegalensis tended to increase. The mean CP of A. africana, P. erinaceus and K. senegalensis differed significantly (173 g, 139 g and 114 g/kg DM, respectively). The DM intake of A. africana offered with hay (571 g/d) or as a sole feed (598 g/d) were not significantly different, but was higher than that of P. erinaceus (428 g/d) and K. senegalensis (298 g/d). The digestibility calculated by difference of DM and CP of A. africana (582 g/kg DM and 795 g/kg CP, respectively) did not differ significantly from A. africana as a sole feed, but were higher than for the other species. The nutritive value of A. africana seems to justify the high preference of herders for this species.     

2020年福建省龙岩市水禽坦布苏病毒检测及其NS5基因变异分析

为了解龙岩市水禽坦布苏病毒（ATV）感染情况及其NS5基因遗传变异情况,对采自福建省龙岩市7个县（市、区）农贸市场、规模化禽场和散养户的鸭泄殖腔棉拭子2885份、鹅泄殖腔棉拭子样品320份进行ATV RT-PCR检测,并对部分阳性样品进行病毒分离鉴定及NS5基因序列测定与遗传进化分析。结果显示：ATV总阳性率为17.19%(551/3205),其中鸭、鹅样品阳性率分别为16.81%(485/2885)、20.63%(66/320),差异显著（P <0.01）;按不同场所统计,散养户水禽样品ATV阳性率最高（20.68%,304/1 470）,农贸市场次之（15.19%,224/1 475）,规模化养殖场最低（8.85%,23/260）,相互间差异显著（P <0.01）;按被检水禽日龄统计,90～<180日龄水禽样品阳性率最高（21.29%,397/1 865）,180～<380日龄次之（17.62%,74/420）,30日龄内最低（4.44%,4/90）;春季水禽样品阳性率（22.74%,362/1592）明显高于秋节（11.72%,189/1613）。将部分A...     

野生猕猴STLV-1和B病毒抗体的检测

为了调查保护区野生猕猴是否感染猴的3种主要病毒,从广西某自然保护区一只濒死的野生猕猴抽取血液分离血清,分别应用猴3种病毒斑点酶免疫检测试剂盒检测,结果猴T淋巴细胞白血病病毒1型(STLV-1)和猕猴疱疹病毒I型(B病毒)抗体呈阳性,而猴免疫缺陷病毒抗体呈阴性.     

几类干草防腐剂简介

对牧草进行打捆储藏可以有效降低牧草营养损失,但储藏过程中因微生物的作用会导致牧草发热甚至腐败从而降低其饲用价值。因此,在干草调制过程中,应添加干草防腐剂以抑制微生物的生长和繁殖。本文对几种常用干草防腐剂进行介绍,以供同行调制干草时参考。     

First report of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Neospora caninum</Emphasis> infection in cattle in Sudan

A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Sudan to determine sero-prevalence and risk factors associated with Neospora caninum infection in non-vaccinated dairy herds and to assess importance of the disease. Blood samples were collected from a total of 262 animals from 25 herds. Sera were tested for antibodies against N. caninum using ELISA test. The prevalence rates of N. caninum antibodies in cattle were high both at herd level (44%) and at individual animal level (10.7%). Herd level infection rates were similar in Khartoum State (43.7%) and at Gazira States (44.4%). The overall prevalence rates were higher (16.1%) in Gazira State than in Khartoum State (9%) but with no significant variation. The sero-prevalence at individual animal level was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in animals with history of abortion (12.8%) than in apparently healthy animal (11.3%), animal with history of infertility (8.1%), or neonatal death of calves (4.3%). In addition, significantly higher (P < 0.05) sero-prevalence was observed in samples collected during the rainy season (6.87%) than winter (3.05%) or summer (0.76%). However, no significant differences in sero-prevalence due to locality, animal breed, sex, and age were observed (p > 0.05). This preliminary study reveals for the first time the existence of natural N. caninum infection in Sudan. Also, the findings of the present study indicated that this disease is highly prevalent in two major areas of dairy production in the country, and this calls for control strategy to be implemented.     

Application of non-structural protein ELISA kits in nationwide FMD surveillance in pigs to demonstrate virus circulation in Taiwan

Large scale surveillance of FMD non-structural protein (NSP) antibody in pigs was conducted to monitor for FMD virus circulation in Taiwan using Ceditest and UBI NSP ELISA kits after recurrence of FMD in 2009. A total of 53,759 serum samples were collected from pigs in the auction markets in 2009. There were 43 farms with positive FMD NSP reactors to both NSP ELISA tests in the nationwide surveillance. After tracing back, clinical examination and the NSP ELISA testing using both Ceditest and UBI on 14 follow-up serum samples from all the herds with confirmed NSP reactors in 2009, there were 4 farms classified as positive on follow-up testing criteria. In this surveillance, we have demonstrated that the NSP ELISA tests of outbreak farms followed by clinical and serological investigation could be used to detect FMD circulation in the pig population in Taiwan even while the national compulsory vaccination program is ongoing.     

改善猪肉品质的营养调控研究进展

猪肉是人们的主要的蛋白来源,随着经济水平的提高,人们对猪肉品质提出了更高的要求。而猪肉品质的好坏除受到本身的遗传因素影响外,营养调控因素影响着猪肉品质的好坏,包括蛋白质和氨基酸水平、能量水平、维生素和矿物质水平以及饲料添加剂等因素,笔者就近几年国内外对影响猪肉品质的营养调控因素的研究加以综述,阐明营养调控因素对猪肉品质的影响,旨在为生产优质商品肉猪提供理论依据和思路。     

几种环保型饲料添加剂对欧洲鳗鲡消化酶活性的影响

选取健康均匀的欧洲鳗苗1000尾,分为5组,每组2个重复,分别在基础料中添加4种环保型饲料添加剂,分析了4种环保型饲料添加剂对欧洲鳗鲡消化酶活性的影响。结果表明,1号饲料添加剂对于提高欧洲鳗鲡消化酶整体效果最好,对中草药原料的配伍进行选择优化,适当添加半胱胺,能显著提高欧洲鳗鲡幼鱼消化酶活性。