水稻细胞质雄性不育育性回复株的基因型鉴定

通过对在套袋繁殖产生的滇Ⅰ型不育系合系42A群体中发现的可育株、及其与不育系杂交产生的F1和可育株自交S1代的育性和核恢复基因位点分析,发现不育系合系42A中出现的大约0.11%可育株包括两种类型。一类细胞质正常可育,核无恢复基因,基因型为N（rf/rf）,类似保持系,认为是保持系混杂所致。另一类可育株的细胞质雄性不育,核有恢复基因,其恢复基因位于水稻Rf-1基因区域,基因型为S（Rf/rf）。这类可育株不可能来自异品种或保持系串粉,可能是细胞核携带的育性相关基因发生育性自然回复突变导致。本研究将这类可育株简称为“育性回复株”。     

外加盐对凉粉草胶溶液的耐盐性和分子链刚性度的影响

在有盐环境下贮藏和加工凉粉草胶必须了解其多糖分子对盐的敏感性,该文绘制了凉粉草胶多糖在不同离子强度NaCl、KCl、MgCl₂和CaCl₂溶液中的Huggins'图,分别计算其分子链在这4种离子溶液中的耐盐度S、链刚性度B等值,结果发现：凉粉草胶多糖在4种离子溶液中,其耐盐性由强到弱的顺序为:K⁺>Na⁺>Mg⁺⁺>Ca⁺⁺,其分子链的构象在4种离子溶液中由柔到刚的顺序为:K⁺>Na⁺>Mg⁺⁺>Ca⁺⁺,这说明凉粉草胶多糖适合在KCl溶液中贮藏和加工。与其他多糖分子链在NaCl溶液中的B值比较后发现,凉粉草胶多糖的分子链构象较海藻酸钠要刚,较黄原胶要柔,这说明凉粉草胶比黄原胶更适合在NaCl溶液中贮藏和加工。     

含运动副间隙汽车摆振系统非线性动力学建模

机构运动副间隙对系统动力学响应有重要影响,有必要将转向机构运动副间隙引入汽车摆振系统动力学分析。基于非线性系统动力学,应用拉格朗日方程建立了考虑转向机构运动副间隙的六自由度摆振动力学模型。通过仿真分析讨论了车速对前轮摆振的影响,结果表明在特定车速范围内前轮会发生自激摆振,这与实际情况吻合,验证了模型的正确性。     

全产业链视角下柳州螺蛳粉农业产业化联合体发展探析

为进一步建强、壮大柳州螺蛳粉全产业链,针对原材料生产供应短板的问题,探索由重点龙头企业牵头组建柳州螺蛳粉农业产业化联合体,带动其它涉农企业、村集体经济合作社、农民专业合作社等经营的全产业链组织经营模式.根据柳州螺蛳粉全产业链最终产品流向,研究建立了柳州螺蛳粉商超驱动和实体店驱动的农业产业化联合体两种经典模式.实践表明,...     

主要发达国家农民职业教育的兴起及发展

经过相当长时期的发展和完善,主要发达国家最终形成了具有各自特色的农民职业教育模式。从宏观上清晰勾勒了主要发达国家农民职业教育的历史发展脉络,划分其为兴起、蓬勃发展和全面繁荣三个发展阶段,并把其在不同历史阶段的发展原因、状况以及内容予以了简要概述。     

不同种质沙棘在干旱条件下营养生长适应性的研究

在干旱条件下,不同种质沙棘的营养生长适应性差异较大,中国沙棘和杂交沙棘的营养生长适应性显著强于俄罗斯良种沙棘,后者各品种间的营养生长适应性有差异;干旱缺水是影响不同种质沙棘的主导因素,年降水量少于400mm时,无灌溉或地下潜水补给的沙棘,营养生长适应性将大受影响,造林建园时应给予充分重视。     

苹果金纹细蛾的生物学特性及药剂试验

苹果金纹细蛾（Ｌｉｔｈｏｃｏｌｌｅｔｉｓ ｒｉｎｇｏｎｉｅｌｌａ Ｍａｔｓ．）在鲁中南地区１年发生５～６代,以蛹在苹果落叶内越冬,翌年３月下旬是开始再现越冬代成虫,４月上旬达盛期。成虫羽化后于次日清晨５：００～６：００开始交配,持续交配１．５～３ｈ,交配后不久在叶片背面产卵,单个散产,平均单雌产卵４０余粒。幼虫孵化后直接景入叶片内取食叶肉,并非苞内化蛹。在１５～３０℃,卵、幼虫、蛹的发育历期分别为     

浅谈二噁英的检验技术

1　检测二口恶英的技术难度食品和饲料中二口恶英及其类似物的检验属于超痕量级检验,通常以ｎｇ/ｋｇ和ｐｇ/ｋｇ表示。它比其他污染物含量低千倍到亿倍以上,检测难度很大,其多组分即同系物、异构体的化学前处理技术几乎包罗近代最先进的手段,涉及分离、富集、提取、净化、清洗和浓缩装置,还包含自动凝胶色谱(ＡｕｔｏｍａｔｅｄＧｅｌＰｅｒｍｅａｔｉｏｎＣｈｒｏｍａｔｏｇｒａｐｈｙ)、反相ＨＰＬＣ、玻璃色谱柱等。检测过程需要尖端大型分析仪器的支持,定量分析依靠ＨＲＧＣ/ＨＲＭＳ,对仪器的灵敏度、选择性和特异性要求极高,是现今分…     

苏丹红和饲料着色剂的区别

本文主要从苏丹红和饲料着色剂的化学结构、作用机理及毒性等方面说明饲料着色剂与苏丹红的天壤之别。     

Impacts of a freedom farrowing pen design on sow behaviours and performance

The limited space in farrowing crate imposes many challenges, such as prolonged farrowing duration and high piglet stillbirth rate. Although the features of farrowing pens compensate for the drawbacks of farrowing crates, they are associated with high piglet crushing mortality caused by the greater space afforded to sows and their rolling-over behaviour. Therefore, a freedom farrowing pen was designed to overcome the drawbacks of both farrowing crates and farrowing pens. The main features of the freedom farrowing pen are its left anti-crushing bar and detachable right anti-crushing bar on the sides of the sow lying area. It also has a 10 cm-high anti-crushing bar in the non-lying area. Eighteen healthy, multiparous Yorkshire sows (3-7 parity) were averaged and randomly assigned to farrowing crates, farrowing pens, and freedom farrowing pens to compare the effects of the farrowing systems on sow behaviour and performance. Results showed that the farrowing duration and the mean piglet birth intervals were longer for the sows in farrowing crates than for those in farrowing pens and freedom farrowing pens (P<0.05), but there was no difference between the sows in farrowing pens and those in freedom farrowing pens (P>0.05). The piglet stillbirth rate was higher for the sows in farrowing crates than for those in farrowing pens and freedom farrowing pens (P<0.001). Crushing mortality was higher among piglets in farrowing pens (P<0.001), but there was no difference between piglets in freedom farrowing pens and those in farrowing crates (P>0.05). The freedom farrowing pen and the farrowing pen allowed sows to turn around and move freely, but because of the different structures of their anti-crushing bars, the increase in sow movement did not cause higher piglet crushing mortality (P>0.05). Sows in freedom farrowing pens were found to be more protective of their piglets.