An unfished area enhances a spiny lobster,Panulirus argus,fishery: implications for management and conservation within a Biosphere Reserve in the Mexican Caribbean

The Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus, Latreille, is the main source of income for the communities in the Sian Ka'an Biosphere Reserve Mexico. The fishery has recently been certified as sustainable by the Marine Stewardship Council provided that further stock assessment is carried out. A total of 379 lobsters were tagged in an unfished area offshore from the Bahía del Espíritu Santo fishing grounds to assess whether lobsters remained within these areas and were thus fully protected. The lobsters recaptured in the shallow area (5.3%) were sufficient to develop a multistate mark recapture model, which takes into account fishing and natural mortality, tag reporting rate and tag loss. This estimated that between 15 and 20% of all adult lobsters dwelling in the unfished area moved into the fishery and were subjected to exploitation. This study suggests that the offshore unfished area provides protection to the majority of the stock in this area while adding to and maintaining fishing yields within the inshore commercial fishery.     

Computed tomographic examination of South American sea lions (Otaria flavescens) with suspected Mycobacterium pinnipedii infection

Ten South American sea lions (Otaria flavescens) were presented for clinical evaluation and diagnosis of tuberculosis following known exposure to Mycobacterium pinnipedii. CT was used to determine whether foci of calcification in mediastinal lymph nodes, typically associated with pinniped tuberculosis, could be detected and whether CT was a useful diagnostic modality, in conjunction with other tests, for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in this species. Blood was collected from the caudal gluteal vein of each animal for serological testing using commercially available serological tests (ElephantTB STAT-PAK and DPP Vet; Chembio Diagnostic Systems) and a multiantigen print immunoassay (MAPIA), carried out at Chembio to verify the in-house kits. In four of nine animals that underwent CT scanning, lesions consistent with pinniped tuberculosis were apparent and these were confirmed at subsequent postmortem examination. The five remaining animals did not show any abnormalities on CT, with three being negative on serological tests, which were considered to be normal and potentially used as reference images for healthy sea lions. One animal could not be CT scanned due to its large size and weight (510 kg).     

Green, catalytic oxidation of alcohols in water

Alcohol oxidations are typically performed with stoichiometric reagents that generate heavy-metal waste and are usually run in chlorinated solvents. A water-soluble palladium(II) bathophenanthroline complex is a stable recyclable catalyst for the selective aerobic oxidation of a wide range of alcohols to aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids in a biphasic water-alcohol system. The use of water as a solvent and air as the oxidant makes the reaction interesting from both an economic and environmental point of view.     

Proliferative responses of lymphocytes to mitogens in the gray, short-tailed opossum, Monodelphis domestica.

A South American opossum (Monodelphis domestica) is a model animal for studies on the health effects of exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR). As part of a broad evaluation of immune function in this animal, we have tested in vitro mitogenic responses using whole blood cultures. Lymphocytes proliferated in the presence of phytohemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (Con A), and pokeweed mitogen (PWM), but were unresponsive to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS).     

识别假劣、失效兽药的简易方法

介绍了识别假劣、失效兽药的简易方法,包括假劣兽药的外观识别和部分失效兽药的识别,可供畜牧养殖者参考.     

Assessment of the tidal currents and pollutants dynamics associated with shrimp aquaculture effluents in SAMARE coastal lagoon (NW Mexico)

The pollutant dispersion induced by the tidal hydrodynamics was investigated through a modified model in Santa Marìa‐La Reforma coastal lagoon, a body water that receives effluents containing chemicals that are used in shrimp aquaculture. Maxima tidal currents (0.7 ms^?1) were predicted within the main channel. Residual currents, of the order of 0.01 ms^?1, were also predicted. The hypothetical pollutant, released at four selected sites that receive effluents from shrimp aquaculture and agriculture within the lagoon, spread towards the northern and southern inlets. The advection and diffusion processes allow the pollutant in most of the cases, to reach the inlets in about 120 h. The spreading of the pollutant in the coastal lagoon seems to be modulated by the tidal velocity fields. The presence of an area where tidal currents converge in the eastern part of Talchichitle Island suggests that a potential accumulation of pollutants occurs in this site.