新疆棉花高产高效施肥信息系统的建立与应用

在新的土壤养分状况调查结果基础上 ,应用棉花高产平衡施肥技术和计算机地理信息系统 (GIS)技术 ,建立了新疆县级农田棉花高产高效施肥信息系统 ,系统最小可实现条田级的平衡施肥决策 ,实现县、乡、村级数据的积累。 1999年通过 3种模式大面积应用于棉花生产高效施肥中 ,并取得良好效果。     

扬州地区蔬菜潜叶蝇发生规律的研究

扬州地区为害蔬菜的潜叶蝇有豌豆彩潜蝇、美洲斑潜蝇、番茄斑潜蝇、葱斑潜蝇、菜斑潜蝇及毛茛植潜蝇等 6种 ,其中豌豆彩潜蝇和美洲斑潜蝇为优势种群。豌豆彩潜蝇全世代发育起点温度 4 .69℃ ,有效积温 3 70 .69日度 ,发育适宜温度范围为 1 8～ 2 6℃ ,蛹在本地区能安全越冬 ,在扬州属春秋多发型 ;美洲斑潜蝇发育起点温度 1 2 .70℃ ,有效积温2 1 4.54日度 ,发育适宜温度范围为 2 4～ 3 2℃ ,蛹在露地条件下不能安全越冬 ,在扬州属夏秋多发型     

儿茶素在食用植物油中的抗氧化应用效果

采用一种食用有机溶剂溶解儿茶素,而后添加到新鲜的植物油中,比较儿茶素与几种常用的合成抗氧化剂在植物油中的抗氧化效果,并用ＮＤ－１００１ＤＰ测色色差计测定儿茶素的氧化产物对油脂色泽及清亮度的影响。结果显示,儿茶素的抗氧化效力强于ＢＨＴ、ＴＢＨＱ和维生素Ｅ等合成抗氧化剂。不过,儿茶素氧化后对油脂的色泽及清亮度有一定影响,但可通过添加某些有机酸（如柠檬酸等）增效剂加以改善。文中还对儿茶素在植物油中的抗氧化机理和中介物质进行了讨论。     

甘蓝型油菜显性细胞核雄性不育系宜3A花药发育的解剖学研究

对甘蓝型油菜显性细胞核雄性不育系宜３Ａ 花药发育过程中的显微结构和超微结构的观察结果表明, 宜３Ａ 雄性败育发生于花粉母细胞阶段, 其主要特点是花粉母细胞不进行减数分裂, 不能形成二分体或四分体; 花粉母细胞原生质体浓缩并逐步收缩, 最后解体; 在相当于正常油菜的单核小孢子阶段, 花粉母细胞壁上形成“类花粉壁”; 同时, 其绒毡层细胞质浓缩, 并逐步解体。     

TaIAA15 genes regulate plant architecture in wheat

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important staple crops worldwide. The phytohormone auxin plays critical roles in the regulation of plant growth and development. However, only a few auxin-related genes have been genetically demonstrated to be involved in the control of plant architecture in wheat thus far. In this study, we characterized an auxin-related gene in wheat, TaIAA15, and found that its ectopic expression in rice decreased the plant height and increased the leaf angle. Correlation analysis indicated that TaIAA15-3B was associated with plant height (Ph), spike length (SL) and 1 000-grain weight (TGW) in wheat, and Hap-II of TaIAA15-3B was the most favored allele and selected by modern breeding in China. This study sheds light on the role of auxin signaling on wheat plant architecture as well as yield related traits.     

刺参的健康养殖与水环境保护对策

目前,刺参养殖已成为我国北方海水养殖的重要经济产业,其发展势头迅猛。2006年～2008年,锦州市刺参养殖面积已增至4万余亩,约占全市海水养殖面积的三分之一。而伴随养殖规模的日益扩大,造成了局部外海海区及养参池水的有机污染加重,病害现象日渐显露。如何避免刺参养殖重走养虾业大起大落的弯路,充分重视水环境的保护问题,切实解决好刺参养殖的自身污染,在当前已显得尤为重要。     

带FR、G端子的三菱发电机电压调节器调压原理分析与检测

对带有FR、G端子的三菱发电机电压调节器调压原理进行了具体分析,同时介绍了FR、G端子的具体就车检测方法。     

美国国家农业研究计划及特点

一、美国国家农业研究计划的主要内容 目前ARS正在组织实施的美国国家农业研究计划属于ARS战略计划2003-2007中的内容.其使命与职责是:通过科学研究发展和转移解决具有高度国家优先权的农业问题的知识、技术和方法,以及提供信息存取和分发;具体包括保证高质量、安全的食品和其他农产品的供应,评定美国人民的营养需要,维持一个具有竞争力的农业经济,提高自然资源的基数和环境质量,将农村公民、团体和社会作为一个整体并为他们提供经济机会.     

Dietary α‐Ketoglutarate supplementation alleviates harmful effects of high environmental ammonia on grass carp,Ctenopharyngodon idella

Current intensive fish farming usually causes high environmental ammonia (HEA) in ponds that is toxic to fish. α‐Ketoglutarate (α‐KG) can be rapidly transaminated to glutamic acid and further aminated to glutamine. Therefore, we hypothesized that dietary α‐KG supplementation would alleviate HEA toxicity to fish. To test the hypothesis, 270 healthy grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) juveniles were randomly assigned to control, HEA (18.37 mg/L ammonia) and HEA + α‐KG (0.75% of α‐KG) groups. Ammonia and free amino acid content in plasma and brain, liver glutamic pyruvic transaminase and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activity, and urea and glycogen content were measured on the first, seventh and 42nd days. Our results showed short‐term HEA exposure (1 day) led to a significant ammonia accumulation in the brain and plasma and significantly decreased glutamic and aspartic acid content in the brain and increased glutamine content in the brain and plasma. The long‐term HEA exposure (42 days) caused significant reductions in glycine and arginine content in the brain tissue. In most cases, dietary α‐KG supplementation alleviated the fluctuations in FAA content in the brain and plasma. Our results suggested dietary α‐KG alleviated HEA toxicity to grass carp.